•Ni-MH battery can be assembled with amorphous Mg-Ni anode by using the concentrated TMAH electrolyte.•Concentrated TMAH electrolyte shows an ionic-liquid-like hydrate structure.•Concentrated TMAH ...electrolyte enables excellent cycle life for Mg-based anodes.•In-situ forming Cu coating can suppress the corrosion of Mg-based anodes and increase rate capability.
Display omitted
Mg-based alloy anodes suffer from severe corrosion in conventional electrolytes (KOH solution) and this substantially obstructs the cycle life, which is a great challenge for using them in the Ni-MH battery. Herein, a high concentration tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous electrolyte with a special hydrate structure is explored and enables excellent cycle stability and high capacity for Mg-based alloy anodes. In this electrolyte, the Mg0.4Ti0.1Ni0.5 alloy anode delivers a maximum discharge capacity of 466 mAh g−1, and maintains 210 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles owing to the reduced corrosion rate, which are much better than that in 6 M KOH electrolyte, being 425 mAh g−1 and 69 mAh g−1, respectively. Furthermore, by in-situ forming Cu coating on the Mg0.4Ti0.1Ni0.5 electrode surface during charging process with the adding 0.01 M of Cu(OH)2 in TMAH electrolyte, the corrosion of the electrode is further suppressed and the reversible capacity can reach 313 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. The high conducting Cu coating can also increase the rate capability of the electrode by promoting the charge transfer. Thus, using TMAH electrolytes provides a new approach to promote the electrochemical performances of Ni-MH batteries with Mg-based alloy anodes.
Aims and objectives
To develop and validate an instrument to measure nurses’ empathy motivation in China (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
Background
Nurses are increasingly expected to ...empathise with patients in clinical settings. However, research investigating nurses’ empathy motivation in China is lacking, and no specific instrument exists worldwide.
Design
Two‐stage cross‐sectional study, which follows the STROBE guidelines. Instrument development and psychometric evaluation were used (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
Methods
A literature review and qualitative interviews with nurses were conducted to generate the initial items. Convenience samples of 340 (for item analysis) and 640 (for psychometric evaluation) clinical nurses working at four tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province were recruited. The scale was validated by content validity, surface validity and item analysis. A total of 640 participants were randomly divided into two equal groups. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used with varimax rotation, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and internal consistency reliability to analyse the psychometric properties of the scale (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
Results
From the initial 90‐item pool, 27 items were retained by the item analysis. The EFA (N = 290) showed the following six factors on the scale explained 71.266% of the overall variance: amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrative regulation and intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, when limited to three factors, that is autonomy motivation, controlled motivation and amotivation, 56.578% of the variance was explained. The findings showed high internal consistency. The six‐factor solution and three‐factor solution of the scale, including 27 items, were both confirmed by the CFA, for example χ2/df = 1.744, 2.261; RMSEA = 0.051, 0.066; GFI = 0.882, 0.847; TLI = 0.942, 0.902; and RMR = 0.039, 0.049, respectively.
Conclusions
The nurses’ empathy motivation scale presents good psychometric properties and can be used to explore nurses’ empathy motivation in China (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
Relevance to clinical practice
This study offers insight into nurses’ complicated reasons for exhibiting empathy.
Fu's subcutaneous needling (FSN) is a new acupuncture therapy developed from acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine models. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of FSN on ...shoulder pain. In this retrospective comparative study, patient case files with shoulder pain (Group A) treated with FSN were analyzed and compared with the same number of patients with shoulder pain (Group B) treated with conventional acupuncture and physical therapy. Motion‐related pain (MRP), pain under pressure (PUP), and Range of motion (ROM) were collected before and after intervention. In the 68 patients, there were 39 males and 29 females, aged 21–53 years old (mean ± SD = 36.4 ± 8.15) with onset time ranging from 1 day to 7 days (mean ± SD = 3.15 ± 1.73). MRP, PUP, and ROM scores were improved after FSN intervention (p < .05). There were significant differences between group A and group B in MRP, PUP, and ROM scores after FSN intervention and 1 week follow‐up (p < .05). No adverse events, such as fainting and sharp pain, occurred during the treatment process. FSN can be an effective rehabilitation intervention for improving shoulder pain and shoulder range of motion.
摘要
浮针是在针灸和中国传统医学基础上发展起来的一种新的针刺疗法。本研究的目的是探讨浮针(FSN)治疗肩痛的效果。本研究中A组患者(34例)采用浮针治疗, 与相同数量的常规针灸结合物理治疗的肩痛患者(B组)进行匹配比较。我们对所有肩痛患者在干预前后进行相关疼痛(MRP)、压力下疼痛(PUP)和运动范围(ROM)指标评估。在68例患者中, 男性有39例, 女性有29例, 年龄在21‐53岁(平均值±标准差=36.4±8.15)。肩痛发病时间为1‐7天(平均值±标准差=3.15±1.73)。本研究结果发现, MRP、PUP、ROM评分干预后均有改善(P<0.05)。A组和B组干预及随访后MRP、PUP、ROM评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者在整个治疗过程中未发生晕厥、剧痛等不良事件。本研究提示, 在缓解肩关节疼痛和改善肩关节活动范围方面, 浮针可能是一种比传统康复干预更有效的方法。
Plant viruses move through plasmodesmata to infect new cells. The plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is interconnected among cells via the ER desmotubule in the plasmodesma across the cell wall, ...forming a continuous ER network throughout the entire plant. This ER continuity is unique to plants and has been postulated to serve as a platform for the intercellular trafficking of macromolecules. In the present study, the contribution of the plant ER membrane transport system to the intercellular trafficking of the NSm movement protein and Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) is investigated. We showed that TSWV NSm is physically associated with the ER membrane in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. An NSm-GFP fusion protein transiently expressed in single leaf cells was trafficked into neighboring cells. Mutations in NSm that impaired its association with the ER or caused its mis-localization to other subcellular sites inhibited cell-to-cell trafficking. Pharmacological disruption of the ER network severely inhibited NSm-GFP trafficking but not GFP diffusion. In the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant rhd3 with an impaired ER network, NSm-GFP trafficking was significantly reduced, whereas GFP diffusion was not affected. We also showed that the ER-to-Golgi secretion pathway and the cytoskeleton transport systems were not involved in the intercellular trafficking of TSWV NSm. Importantly, TSWV cell-to-cell spread was delayed in the ER-defective rhd3 mutant, and this reduced viral infection was not due to reduced replication. On the basis of robust biochemical, cellular and genetic analysis, we established that the ER membrane transport system serves as an important direct route for intercellular trafficking of NSm and TSWV.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The efficient segregation of radioactive nuclides from low-level radioactive liquid waste (LLRW) is paramount for nuclear emergency protocols and waste minimization. Here, we synthesized Na3FePO4CO3 ...(NFPC) via a one-pot hydrothermal method and applied it for the first time to the selective separation of Sr2+ from simulated LLRW. Static adsorption experimental results indicated that the distribution coefficient Kd remained above 5000 mL·g−1, even when the concentration of interfering ions was more than 40 times that of Sr2+. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of Sr2+ showed no significant change within the pH range of 4 to 9. The adsorption of Sr2+ fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, with an equilibrium time of 36 min and a maximum adsorption capacity of 99.6 mg·g−1. Notably, the adsorption capacity was observed to increment marginally with an elevation in temperature. Characterization analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidated the adsorption mechanism, demonstrating that Sr2+ initially engaged in an ion exchange reaction with Na+. Subsequently, Sr2+ coordinated with four oxygen atoms on the NFPC (100) facet, establishing a robust Sr-O bond via orbital hybridization.
In this study, low velocity impact tests were performed to MoS2/Pb nanocomposite coating and its substrate (304-stainless steel, for comparison). The machine is controlled based on kinetic energy and ...can achieve dynamic response during the tests. The MoS2/Pb coating exhibits better impact wear resistance, as shown by its favorable dynamic response. The energy absorption ratio evolution of MoS2/Pb coating indicates there were several impact damage forms during the tests, which was relevant to varied dominant impact damage mechanisms. In addition, tests with varied impact conditions were conducted, and distinct results were obtained, revealing the effects of tests parameters. Moreover, comparative analysis between values obtained from the Hertz theory and the measured revealed that the yield strength of MoS2/Pb coating was approximately 686.5MPa, and the substrate was always under elastoplastic deformation although its impact kinetic energy was the lowest. The low velocity impact morphology was characterized by fatigue delamination because of the shearing stress in the subsurface.
Display omitted
•The impact behavior and dynamic responses of MoS2/Pb coating were investigated.•The dynamic performances of MoS2/Pb coating were different from substrate.•The wear performances were related to dynamic behavior of test materials.•The energy absorption ratio indicated that there were several impact damage forms.
Extracellular forces transmitted through the cytoskeleton can deform the cell nucleus. Large nuclear deformations increase the risk of disrupting the integrity of the nuclear envelope and causing DNA ...damage. The mechanical stability of the nucleus defines its capability to maintain nuclear shape by minimizing nuclear deformation and allowing strain to be minimized when deformed. Understanding the deformation and recovery behavior of the nucleus requires characterization of nuclear viscoelastic properties. Here, we quantified the decoupled viscoelastic parameters of the cell membrane, cytoskeleton, and the nucleus. The results indicate that the cytoskeleton enhances nuclear mechanical stability by lowering the effective deformability of the nucleus while maintaining nuclear sensitivity to mechanical stimuli. Additionally, the cytoskeleton decreases the strain energy release rate of the nucleus and might thus prevent shape change-induced structural damage to chromatin.
Using additives/catalysts to destabilize hydrides of high hydrogen storage density, e.g. MgH2 with 7.6wt%-H and desorption temperature as high as 300–400°C, is one of the most important strategies to ...overcome the hurdle of applying hydrogen storage materials in technologies related to hydrogen energy. Despite tremendous efforts, to develop additives/catalysts with high catalytic activity and easy doping remains a great challenge. Here, we report a simple method to induce a novel symbiotic CeH2.73/CeO2 catalyst in Mg-based hydrides, which is capable of massive fabrication. More importantly, we reveal a spontaneous hydrogen release effect at the CeH2.73/CeO2 interface, which leads to dramatic increase of catalysis than either sole CeH2.73 or CeO2 catalyst. Maximum hydrogen desorption temperature reduction of MgH2 could reach down to ~210°C as molar ratio of CeH2.73 to CeO2 was 1:1. The dynamic boundary evolution during hydrogen desorption was observed in the symbiotic CeH2.73/CeO2 at atomic resolution using in situ High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM). Combining the ab-initio calculations, which show significant reduction of the formation energy of VH (hydrogen vacancy) in the CeH2.73/CeO2 boundary region in comparison to those in the bulk MgH2 and CeH2.73, we demonstrate that the outstanding catalytic activity can be attributed to the spontaneous hydrogen release effect at the CeH2.73/CeO2 interface.
Symbiotic CeH2.73/CeO2 nanoparticles have been in situ generated in the Mg-based hydrides via hydrogenation and oxidation treatments upon the amorphous Mg alloy. The in situ TEM/HRTEM observations during hydrogen desorption and first principle calculations demonstrate that the unusual catalytic activity arises from the boundary “hydrogen pump” effect in the interface region of the symbiotic CeH2.73/CeO2. Display omitted
•Symbiotic CeH2.73/CeO2 nanoparticles are synthesized upon the amorphous Mg alloy.•Dehydrogenation temperature of MgH2 is significantly reduced.•Catalysis arises from the interface of the symbiotic CeH2.73/CeO2 nanoparticles.•The catalysis is confirmed via in situ HRTEM and theoretical calculations.•Materials fabrication is suitable for large-scale production.
Inorganic semiconductor Ag2S with excellent plasticity is highly desired in flexible and wearable thermoelectrics. However, the compromise between plasticity and thermoelectric performance limits the ...advances in Ag2S‐based thermoelectric materials and their devices. Here, a 0.5 mol.% Ag2Te‐alloyed Ag2S0.5Se0.5 bulk material is designed, which has a competitively high near‐room‐temperature figure of merit of ≈0.43 at 323 K and an ultra‐high bending strain of ≈32.5% without cracks. Introducing Ag2Te can optimize the carrier concentration and mobility of the Ag2S0.5Se0.5 matrix due to its metal‐like conducting features, leading to a maximum power factor of ≈6 µW cm−1 K−2. Simultaneously, Ag2Te induces Ag‐poor amorphous phase boundaries, serving as buffer layers to enhance the overall plasticity. Moreover, such amorphous phase boundaries combined with multiscale phonon scattering sources can significantly suppress the lattice thermal conductivity to ≈0.28 W m−1 K−1 at 323 K, leading to a high figure of merit. This study demonstrates an innovative route to simultaneously boost the thermoelectric performance and plasticity of ductile semiconductors.
As the first barrier of host defense, innate immunity sets up the parclose to keep out external microbial or virus attacks. Depending on the type of pathogens, several cytoplasm pattern recognition ...receptors exist to sense the attacks from either foreign or host origins, triggering the immune response to battle with the infections. Among them, cGAS-STING is the major pathway that mainly responds to microbial DNA, DNA virus infections, or self-DNA, which mainly comes from genome instability by-product or released DNA from the mitochondria. cGAS was initially found functional in the cytoplasm, although intriguing evidence indicates that cGAS exists in the nucleus where it is involved in the DNA damage repair process. Because the close connection between DNA damage response and immune response and cGAS recognizes DNA in length-dependent but DNA sequence-independent manners, it is urgent to clear the function balance of cGAS in the nucleus versus cytoplasm and how it is shielded from recognizing the host origin DNA. Here, we outline the current conception of immune response and the regulation mechanism of cGAS in the nucleus. Furthermore, we will shed light on the potential mechanisms that are restricted to be taken away from self-DNA recognition, especially how post-translational modification regulates cGAS functions.
PDF
