Surface modification of nanomaterials is essential for their biomedical applications owing to their passive immune clearance and damage to reticuloendothelial systems. Recently, a cell ...membrane‐coating technology has been proposed as an ideal approach to modify nanomaterials owing to its facile functionalized process and good biocompatibility for improving performances of synthetic nanomaterials. Here, recent advances of cell membrane‐coated nanomaterials are reviewed based on the main biological functions of the cell membrane in living cells. An overview of the cell membrane is introduced to understand its functions and potential applications. Then, the applications of cell membrane‐coated nanomaterials based on the functions of the cell membrane are summarized, including physical barrier with selective permeability and cellular communication via information transmission and reception processes. Finally, perspectives of biomedical applications and challenges about cell membrane‐coated nanomaterials are discussed.
Recent advances of cell membrane‐coated nanomaterials are summarized here based on the main biological functions of the cell membrane, including physical barrier and cellular communication. Perspectives of biomedical applications and challenges of cell membrane‐coated nanomaterials are also discussed.
Intestinal inflammation is a protective response that is implicated in bacterial enteritis triggered by gastrointestinal infection. The immune mechanisms elicited in teleost against the infection of ...Aeromonas veronii are largely unknown. In this study, we performed a de novo northern snakehead (Channa argus) transcriptome assembly using Illumina sequencing platform. On this basis we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of northern snakehead intestine from A. veronii-challenge and phosphate buffer solution (PBS)-challenge fish, and 2076 genes were up-regulated and 1598 genes were down-regulated in the intestines infected with A. veronii. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched to 27, 21 and 20 GO terms in biological process, cellular component, and molecular function, respectively. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that 420 DEGs were involved in 194 pathways. Moreover, 33 DEGs were selected for quantitative real-time PCR analysis to validate the RNA-seq data. The results reflected the consistency of the expression levels between qRT-PCR and RNA-seq data. In addition, a time-course analysis of the mRNA expression of 33 immune-related genes further indicated that the intestinal inflammation to A. veronii infection simultaneously regulated gene expression alterations. The present study provides transcriptome data of the teleost intestine, allowing us to understand the mechanisms of intestinal inflammation triggered by bacterial pathogens.
All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and Supplementary files. The RNA-seq raw sequence data are available in NCBI short read archive (SRA) database under accession number PRJNA615958.
As a bridge that connects immune cells and corresponding receptors, immune molecules play a critical role in cross-talk between innate and adaptive immunity against pathogen infection. Cell migration and positioning in the process of development, homeostasis and acute inflammation of the intestine are regulated by various immune-related molecules. Display omitted
•First transcriptome profile of northern snakehead intestine response to A. veronii.•Pathological analysis of northern snakehead infected with A. veronii.•130,507 unigenes were obtained through de novo assembly of intestine transcriptome.•Intestine mucosal immunity can be activated by A. veronii infection.
Chemo‐photodynamic therapy is an attractive strategy in tumor treatment. However, the combination of chemotherapeutic drug and photosensitizer in nanocarriers always elevates the risk of composition ...uncertainty. Here, a dual‐targeting photosensitizer‐peptide amphiphile conjugate (PpIX‐GGGK(TPP)GG‐GFLG‐R7‐RGD or pPAC) is designed to encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX) for enhanced chemo‐photodynamic tumor therapy. The amphiphilic nature of pPAC leads to the formation of core‐shell structured nanomicelles in aqueous media, where DOX is loaded in the inner core. The DOX@pPAC nanomicelle displays efficient tumor cellular uptake via integrin receptor‐mediated endocytosis using RGD peptide. After successful cell internalization with the aid of R8 peptide, DOX@pPAC exhibits rapid release of DOX and protoporphyrin IX‐peptide conjugate (PpIX‐peptide) due to the Cathepsin B‐triggered hydrolysis of GFLG linker. Simultaneously, triphenylphosphonium TPP cation will accumulate photosensitizer PpIX in subcellular mitochondria, followed by in situ generation of phototoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light irradiation. In vitro investigations demonstrate that the synergistic chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of fabricated nanomicelles can significantly maximize the therapeutic effect against tumor cells with the minimal off‐target cytotoxicity. This work may provide an all‐in‐one nanosystem toward enhanced chemo‐photodynamic tumor therapy.
The designed nanosystem (DOX@pPAC) based on covalent conjugation of photosensitizer PpIX and physical embedding of DOX, displays dual‐targeting property and synergistic chemo‐photodynamic therapy of tumor.
Achalinus sheni Ma, Xu, Qi, Wang, Tang, Huang & Jiang, 2023 was originally described based on only male specimens from Lianyuan City and Nanyue District, Hunan, China. So far, no information on the ...females of this species is available. After molecular systematics and morphological characters of recently collected specimens from Xinshao County, Hunan, several specimens (3 males and 1 female) were identified as this species. Therefore, we provided supplementary descriptions of the female characteristics of this species in this study. Meanwhile, we extended the description of this species.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Here we designed and constructed a tryptophan-phenylalanine-phenylalanine-tryptophan (WFFW) tetrapeptide, which generated photostable and tunable fluorescence emission signals from 340 nm to 500 nm. ...The WFFW tetrapeptide could self-assemble into a spherical nanostructure with enhanced fluorescence intensity. Driven by π-π stacking and hydrogen bond interaction, WFFW co-assembled with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) modified WFFW to form a cancer-targeted fluorescent nanoprobe, which could selectively image the cancer cells.
Developing a deep learning radiomics model from longitudinal breast ultrasound and sonographer's axillary ultrasound diagnosis for predicting axillary lymph node (ALN) response to neoadjuvant ...chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.
Breast cancer patients undergoing NAC followed by surgery were recruited from three centers between November 2016 and December 2022. We collected ultrasound images for extracting tumor-derived radiomics and deep learning features, selecting quantitative features through various methods. Two machine learning models based on random forest were developed using pre-NAC and post-NAC features. A support vector machine integrated these data into a fusion model, evaluated via the area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analysis, and calibration curves. We compared the fusion model's performance against sonographer's diagnosis from pre-NAC and post-NAC axillary ultrasonography, referencing histological outcomes from sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection.
In the validation cohort, the fusion model outperformed both pre-NAC (AUC: 0.899 vs. 0.786, p < 0.001) and post-NAC models (AUC: 0.899 vs. 0.853, p = 0.014), as well as the sonographer's diagnosis of ALN status on pre-NAC and post-NAC axillary ultrasonography (AUC: 0.899 vs. 0.719, p < 0.001). Decision curve analysis revealed patient benefits from the fusion model across threshold probabilities from 0.02 to 0.98. The model also enhanced sonographer's diagnostic ability, increasing accuracy from 71.9% to 79.2%.
The deep learning radiomics model accurately predicted the ALN response to NAC in breast cancer. Furthermore, the model will assist sonographers to improve their diagnostic ability on ALN status before surgery.
Our AI model based on pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy ultrasound can accurately predict axillary lymph node metastasis and assist sonographer's axillary diagnosis.
Axillary lymph node metastasis status affects the choice of surgical treatment, and currently relies on subjective ultrasound. Our AI model outperformed sonographer's visual diagnosis on axillary ultrasound. Our deep learning radiomics model can improve sonographers' diagnosis and might assist in surgical decision-making.
Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral DNA-alkylating drug used in colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy. In this work, we proposed a safe and biomimetic platform for macrophages-targeted delivery of TMZ and ...O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG). TMZ was loaded in poly (D, l-lactide-coglycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles, followed by sequential coating with O6-BG-grafted chitosan (BG-CS) layers and yeast shell walls (YSW) via layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) process, forming TMZ@P-BG/YSW biohybrids. Due to the yeast cell membrane-camouflage, TMZ@P-BG/YSW particles exhibited significantly enhanced colloidal stability as well as low premature drug leakage in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. In vitro drug release profiles of TMZ@P-BG/YSW particles revealed noticeable higher TMZ release in simulated tumor acidic environment within 72 h. Meanwhile, O6-BG could down-regulate MGMT expression in CT26 colon carcinoma cells, ultimately facilitating TMZ-induced tumor cell death. After oral delivery of yeast cell membrane-camouflaged particles containing fluorescent tracer (Cy5), TMZ@P-BG/YSW and bare YSW displayed high retention time of 12 h in the colon and small intestine (ileum). Correspondingly, oral gavage administration of TMZ@P-BG/YSW particles afforded favorable tumor-specific retention and superior tumor growth inhibition. Overall, TMZ@P-BG/YSW is validated to be a safe, targetable and effective formulation, paving a new avenue towards highly effective and precise treatment of malignancies.
PLGA-based bioinspired platform for tumor-specific retention and enhanced colorectal cancer therapy. Display omitted
An “antibiotic-free strategy” provides a viable option to address bacterial infections, especially for the “superbug” challenge. However, the undesirable antibacterial activity of antibiotic-free ...agents hinders their practical applications. In this study, we developed a combination antibacterial strategy of coupling peptide-drug therapy with chemodynamic therapy (CDT) to achieve the effective bacterial inhibition. An amphiphilic oligopeptide (LAOOH-OPA) containing a therapeutic unit of D(KLAK)2 peptide and a hydrophobic linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHP) was designed. The positively charged D(KLAK)2 peptide with an α-helical conformation enabled rapid binding with microbial cells via electrostatic interaction and subsequent membrane insertion to deactivate the bacterial membrane. When triggered by Fe2+, moreover, LAHP could generate singlet oxygen (1O2) to elicit lipid bilayer leakage for enhanced bacteria inhibition. In vitro assays demonstrated that the combination strategy possessed excellent antimicrobial activity not only merely toward susceptible strains (Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli) but also toward methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). On the mouse skin abscess model induced by S. aureus, self-assembled LAOOH-OPA exhibited a more significant bacteria reduction (1.4 log10 reduction) in the bioburden compared to that of the standard vancomycin (0.9 log10 reduction) without apparent systemic side effects. This combination antibacterial strategy shows great potential for effective bacterial inhibition.
•Male is a significant driver of hospitalization costs and LOS for OC.•Age over 60 is associated with lower hospitalization costs, but not with LOS.•The first report on costs and LOS among major OC ...subsites and reconstructive methods.•Mouth cancer is associated with the highest cost and LOS, and lip cancer the lowest.•Regional flaps are less expensive than free flaps for oral reconstruction.
To provide information about hospitalization costs and length of stay (LOS) for inpatients undergoing oral cancer (OC) surgery, and to investigate the association of hospitalization costs and LOS with demographics, tumor subsite, surgery-related and hospital characteristics.
Data extracted from Chinese National Health Statistics Network Reporting System database in Hunan, China during 2017–2019 were analyzed using quantile regression models.
A total of 6,420 OC patients undergoing surgery were identified. After controlling potential compounding variables, the median hospitalization cost was significantly higher in male than in female patientsby $515.70 at the median (p < 0.001). Patients aged over 60 hadsignificantly less costs by $294.85 at the meanthan did those below 60, while no differenceof LOS existed across age. OC patients with neck dissection had significantly higher costs by $1,983.33 at the median than those without (P < 0.001). Regional flaps were the most economical, with lower costs than free flaps by $3,084 (P < 0.001) and the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) by $549.45 (P < 0.001) at the median.
Male is a significant driver of hospitalization costs and LOS for OC, and age over 60 is associated with lower costs, but not with LOS. Mouth primary site is associated with the highest costs and LOS, while lip primary site the lowest. Absence of neck dissection in early-stage OC can significantly reduce costs and LOS, but its oncological validity needs more evidence. Regional flaps are less expensive than free flaps and the PMMF for oral reconstruction, and are recommended in select patients.
Aeromonas hydrophila, a Gram-negative bacterium, is one of the major pathogens causing bacterial sepsis in aquatic animals due to drug resistance and pathogenicity, which could cause high mortality ...and serious economic losses to the aquaculture. Sanguisorba officinalis (called DiYu in Chinese, DY) is well known as herbal medicine, which could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, hemostasis and regulate the immune response. Moreover, the active ingredients in DY could remarkably reduce drug resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of probiotic fermentation cultures on A. hydrophila through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Three lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG), Lactobacillus casei (LC) and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), were selected to ferment the Chinese herbal medicine DY. The assays of antagonism showed that all three fermented cultures could influence the ability of A. hydrophila growth, among which L. rhamnosus fermented DY cultures appeared to be the strongest inhibitory effect. In addition, the biofilm determination revealed that L. rhamnosus fermented DY cultures could significantly inhibit the biofilm formation of A. hydrophila compared to the other groups. Furthermore, protease, lecithinase and urease activities were found in the three fermentation cultures. Three probiotics fermented DY cultures were orally administration with crucian carp to evaluate the growth performance, immunological parameters and pathogen resistance. The results showed that the three fermentation cultures could promote the growth performance of crucian carp, and the immunoglobulins, antioxidant-related enzymes and immune-related genes were significantly enhanced. Besides, the results showed that crucian carp received L. rhamnosus (60.87%), L. casei (56.09%) and L. plantarum (41.46%) fermented DY cultures had higher survival rates compared with the control group after infection with A. hydrophila. Meanwhile, the pathological tissue results revealed that the probiotic fermented cultures could largely improve the tissues damage caused by the pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, this study proved that the fermentation cultures of three probiotics could effectively inhibit the growth of A. hydrophila, regulate the level of immune response and improve the survival rate against A. hydrophila in crucian carp. The present data suggest that probiotic fermented Sanguisorba officinalis act as a potential gut-targeted therapy regimens to protecting fish from pathogenic bacteria infection.
The dietary supplementation of lactic acid bacteria fermented herbal Sanguisorba officinalis preparation for crucian carp (Carassius auratus) could improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune parameters and protection against Aeromonas hydrophila. Display omitted
•Three lactic acid bacteria fermented herbal Sanguisorba officinalis (DY) cultures as dietary supplements for crucian carp.•The Chinese herbal fermented cultures improved the growth performance and non-specific immunity of crucian carp.•The Chinese herbal fermented cultures enhanced the resistance of crucian carp against A. hydrophila.
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