Mn–Al–C is intended to be one of the “gap magnets” with magnetic performance in-between ferrites and Nd-Fe-B. These magnets are based on the metastable ferromagnetic
τ
-phase with L1
0
structure, ...which requires well controlled synthesis to prevent the formation of secondary phases, detrimental for magnetic properties. Here, we investigate the formation of
τ
-phase in Mn–Al–C using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and compare with conventional annealing. The effect of SPS parameters (pressure and electric current) on the phase formation is also studied. Single
τ
-phase is obtained for annealing 5 min at
500
∘
C
with SPS. In addition, we show that the initial grain size of the
ϵ
-phase is influencing the
τ
-phase transformation and fraction at a given annealing condition, independently of the annealing method used. A faster transformation was observed for smaller initial
ϵ
-grains. The samples obtained by SPS showed comparable magnetic properties with the conventional annealed ones, reaching coercivity of 0.18 T and saturation magnetization of 114 Am
2
/kg in the optimized samples. The similarity in coercivity is related to the microstructure, as we reveal the presence of structure defects like twin boundaries and dislocations in both materials.
Graphical abstract
The efficacy and safety of baricitinib for treatment of atopic dermatitis have been demonstrated in clinical trials; however, very few real-life studies have been published to date. The Observatory ...of Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases (OMCCI) registry was initiated to prospectively determine the long-term impairment caused by chronic inflammatory dermatoses on patients’ lives. The study included 88 patients starting baricitinib for treatment of atopic dermatitis. Clinical evaluation and patient-reported outcomes were recorded at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. After 6 months and 1 year of follow-up, 65 and 47 patients, respectively, were still being treated with baricitinib. Treatment failure was the main reason for discontinuation. Only 1 patient stopped baricitinib because of a side-effect. After 1 year of follow-up, the mean Eczema Area and Severity Index score decreased significantly from 20.7 to 6.4; the percentage of patients with severe atopic dermatitis decreased from 42.9% to 6.5% and a significant improvement in most patient-reported outcomes was noted. There was no difference in terms of efficacy whether or not patients were previously treated with dupilumab. The results remained stable after 6 and 12 months of treatment, which suggests a sustained efficacy of the treatment in patients who initially responded well.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Cancer mortality is exacerbated by late-stage diagnosis. Liquid biopsies based on genomic biomarkers can noninvasively diagnose cancers. However, validation studies have reported ~10% sensitivity to ...detect stage I cancer in a screening population and specific types, such as brain or genitourinary tumors, remain undetectable. We investigated urine and plasma free glycosaminoglycan profiles (GAGomes) as tumor metabolism biomarkers for multi-cancer early detection (MCED) of 14 cancer types using 2,064 samples from 1,260 cancer or healthy subjects. We observed widespread cancer-specific changes in biofluidic GAGomes recapitulated in an in vivo cancer progression model. We developed three machine learning models based on urine (
= 220 cancer vs. 360 healthy) and plasma (
= 517 vs. 425) GAGomes that can detect any cancer with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83-0.93 with up to 62% sensitivity to stage I disease at 95% specificity. Undetected patients had a 39 to 50% lower risk of death. GAGomes predicted the putative cancer location with 89% accuracy. In a validation study on a screening-like population requiring ≥ 99% specificity, combined GAGomes predicted any cancer type with poor prognosis within 18 months with 43% sensitivity (21% in stage I;
= 121 and 49 cases). Overall, GAGomes appeared to be powerful MCED metabolic biomarkers, potentially doubling the number of stage I cancers detectable using genomic biomarkers.
•A comprehensive study of ThMn12-type Ce(Fe,Ti)12 material system.•Twinned grains of CeFe11Ti with misorientation angle of 58∘± 2∘.•Invar-type anomaly at the Curie temperature of CeFe11Ti.•Reduction ...of anisotropy field of CeFe11Ti under hydrostatic pressure in contrast to an increase for chemical expansion of CeFe11TiHx.
The criticality of rare-earth elements and its impact on the permanent magnet market have initiated a search for alternative material systems, either to fill the magnetic performance gap between ferrites and Nd-Fe-B magnets or to even replace the existing benchmark systems. Ce-based systems are attractive due to the abundance of cerium, however the formation of secondary phases leads to challenges for Ce-based compounds. We investigated the formation and magnetic properties of ThMn12-type Ce1+xFe11Ti samples for x = 0.15 and 0.20 compositions. Microstructural investigations reveal the formation of twin boundaries in the ThMn12 grains with a misorientation angle of 58∘± 2∘. By varying the chemical composition and lowering the annealing temperatures, a grain refinement and reduction in twin boundary density was achieved. In addition, the magnetostrictive characteristic of CeFe11Ti-phase was investigated. Around the Curie temperature, an M2 behaviour is noted, in contrast to an M3 behaviour at lower temperatures. To probe the effect of unit cell compression and expansion on the magnetic properties, magnetic characterizations were carried out under hydrostatic pressure and after hydrogenation. A slight reduction is observed for the measured anisotropy field under 0.45 GPa hydrostatic pressure in the temperature interval of 10–300 K, which is consistent with the small increase detected for the hydrogenated compound.
Background
In Italy, the utilization and the reimbursement of Growth Hormone (rGH) therapy by the National Health System (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale) are regulated by the “Note #39” included in the ...“Notes for the use of drugs” by the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA), which are published in the Official Gazette, thus having the force of law. The “Note #39” establishes the diagnosis for which the reimbursement is granted and confirms the assignment of the national health surveillance on the use of GH therapy to the Italian National Institute of Health, requesting its computerization.
Aim
The aim of this work was to realize a dedicated electronic Clinical Report Form based on the mandatory data requested by the Note #39 and allowing the online reporting of the rGH prescriptions by the regional accredited centers.
Results and Conclusions
This interface is at the base of the national database of the Italian Registry of GH Treatment, which allows obtaining and managing correct and complete data to provide public health surveillance on GH therapy, both at national and local levels, necessary for policymakers decisions. In addition, this national database could be a useful instrument for improving knowledge about aspects of this treatment still under discussion.
Background
The development of vitiligo during treatment with biological agents is an unusual event and only a few isolated cases have been reported.
Objectives
To describe the clinical ...characteristics and evolution of patients developing new‐onset vitiligo following initiation of a biological agent for chronic inflammatory disease; and also to report the clinical course of pre‐existing vitiligo under biological therapy.
Methods
This nationwide multicentre, retrospective study, carried out between July 2013 and January 2015, describes the characteristics of a large series of 18 patients (psoriasis N = 8, inflammatory rheumatic diseases N = 8, ulcerative colitis N = 1, uveitis N = 1) who developed new‐onset vitiligo while receiving a biological agent.
Results
TNFα inhibitors were the most common biological agent involved (13/18) while anti‐IL‐12/23 and anti‐IL‐17 agents or abatacept were less common (4/18 and 1/18 respectively). Mean duration of biological agent exposure before vitiligo onset was 13.9 ± 16.5 months. Outcome was favourable for most patients (15/17) while maintaining the biological agent. Data were also collected for 18 patients (psoriasis N = 5, inflammatory rheumatic diseases N = 10, inflammatory bowel diseases N = 2, SAPHO N = 1) who had pre‐existing vitiligo when treatment with a biological agent started (TNFα inhibitors N = 15, ustekinumab N = 1, rituximab N = 1, tocilizumab N = 1). Vitiligo progressed in seven patients and was stable or improved in eight cases.
Conclusion
Vitiligo may thus emerge and/or progress during treatment with various biological agents, mainly TNFα inhibitors and could be a new paradoxical skin reaction. De novo vitiligo displays a favourable outcome when maintaining the biological agent, whereas the prognosis seems worse in cases of pre‐existing vitiligo.
Background
The impact of psoriasis on quality of life (QoL), sexuality and empathy requires better understanding in patient–partner relationships.
Objectives
To evaluate the influence of psoriasis on ...partner QoL, presence of sexual dysfunction (SDy) in couples and empathy in partners of psoriasis patients.
Methods
A total of 183 adult psoriasis patients and their partners participated in this observational, cross‐sectional and non‐comparative study. Severity of psoriasis was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index. Patient QoL was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index and the Short Form‐12 (SF12). The impact of psoriasis on partner QoL was measured with the Family Pso and the SF12. Presence of SDy and empathy in partners were assessed using the Family Pso.
Results
Overall, 49.7% of the patients had moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. Patient psoriasis severity and patient QoL were correlated with partner psychological distress. The largest QoL impairment was observed in female patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. The stronger QoL alteration observed in female psoriasis patients, compared to their partners, was not observed in male psoriasis patients vs. their partners. There was no relationship between partner QoL and patient age and duration of psoriasis. Most patients, but less than half of the partners, reported SDy with age being a being a significantly more important impacting factor than disease severity. Both psoriasis clinical severity and/or a significant impact on QoL were associated factors for SDy in male partners of psoriasis women, but not in female partners of psoriatic men. Reporting empathy was higher among young male partners of psoriasis patients. In both male and female partners, patient psoriasis clinical severity was not associated with empathy.
Conclusions
Psoriasis impact on patient–partner QoL, sexuality and empathy should be considered more thoroughly by dermatologists when formulating treatment plans and making treatment decisions.
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