Summary
This paper proposes an improved moth flame optimization (IMFO) algorithm to effectively solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problems. The concept of moth flame optimization (MFO) is inspired ...from the movement of moth towards the moon direction. IMFO is mainly based on the concept of MFO with modifying the path of moths in new spirals around the flame. Standard IEEE 30‐bus, IEEE 57‐bus and IEEE 118‐bus test systems are used to validate and prove the efficiency and robustness of IMFO algorithm. The validation of the proposed algorithm is based on 15 case studies in terms of different single and multi‐objective functions: fuel cost minimization, gas emission reduction, active power loss minimization, voltage profile improvement, and voltage stability enhancement. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm are compared with those obtained by other well‐known optimization techniques. The obtained results demonstrate the capability and robustness of IMFO algorithm to solve OPF problems. The results reveal that IMFO algorithm is capable of finding precise and better OPF solutions compared with the other techniques. A comparison among the convergence characteristics of IMFO technique and the other techniques proves the prevalence of IMFO to attain the optimal power flow solution with fast convergence.
•Performance of corrugated wick type solar still is compared with simple type.•Corrugated porous surface contributes by about 75% of the total productivity.•Productivity of corrugated solar still was ...34% more than that for simple type.
In the present work, the productivity of a solar still is modified by forming the evaporative surface as a corrugated shape as well as by decreasing the heat capacity with the use of a porous material. This target has been achieved by using black clothes in a corrugated shape that are immersed in water where the clothes absorbs water and get saturated by capillary effect. Along with the proposed corrugated wick type solar still, a simple basin still type was fabricated and tested to compare the enhancement accomplished by the developed solar still. Inclined reflectors were used to augment the solar radiation incident on the plane of the developed solar stills. The energy balance in the developed mathematical models takes into consideration the glass covers, the porous material, along with the portion of water exposed to the transmitted solar radiation as well as the portion of water shaded by the corrugated surface. The developed mathematical model was validated by fabricating and testing two models for the proposed and simple basin solar stills under the same conditions. Good agreement between the simulated and experimental results has been detected. It has been found that an improvement of about 34% in the productivity for the proposed wick type solar still is gained as compared to the simple basin case. Also, the best tilt angle for the inclined reflector has been found to be about 30° with respect to the vertical direction of the setup under consideration.
This paper proposes a modified grasshopper optimization algorithm (MGOA) to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problem. The conventional GOA is a recent optimization technique that is conceptualized ...from the natural lifestyle of grasshopper including their movement and migration. The MGOA is based on modifying the mutation process in the conventional GOA in order to avoid trapping into local optima. Different single- and multi-objective functions are solved using the proposed optimization technique. These objective functions consist of quadratic fuel cost minimization, emission cost minimization, active power loss minimization, quadratic fuel cost and active power loss minimization, quadratic fuel cost minimization and voltage profile improvement, quadratic fuel cost minimization and voltage stability improvement, quadratic fuel cost minimization and emission minimization, quadratic fuel cost and power loss minimization, voltage profile and voltage stability improvement. The proposed technique is validated using standard IEEE 30-bus, IEEE 57-bus, and IEEE 118-bus test systems with thirteen case studies. Simulation results reveal the better performance and superiority of the proposed technique to solve various OPF problems compared with well-recognized evolutionary optimization techniques stated in the literature review.
Background
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is considered one of the most serious adverse events affecting chemotherapy-receiving cancer patients. It dramatically affects their food ...intake, nutritional status and more importantly their quality of life. We can observe CINV in highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) such as adriamycin–cyclophosphamide combination (AC) in breast cancer patients and cisplatin-based regimens in other cancer types. This study aimed to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of palonosetron (PALO) over granisetron (GRA) in combination with dexamethasone for multiple highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs (HEC), especially in chemotherapy regimens in Egyptian breast cancer patients and cisplatin-based regimens in other diseases.
Patients and methods
An open-label randomized trial was carried out, including 115 patients receiving at least four cycles of highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimens. All patients received dexamethasone in combination with the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. We recorded patients' clinical and biochemical characteristics and withdraw blood samples to monitor serum substance P and serotonin in correlation with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). We use the MASCC antiemetic tool in the acute phase (0–24 hr) and delayed phase (24–120 h) to evaluate patient outcomes in both stages after each chemotherapy cycle.
Results
In (PALO) group, only 7.84% of patients showed acute vomiting, and 11.76% showed acute nausea, whereas 43.75% of patients showed acute vomiting and 89.06% showed acute nausea in (GRA) group (
P
< 0.0001). For delayed CINV, 23.53% of patients showed delayed vomiting, and 47.06% showed delayed nausea in the (PALO) group, while 82.81% of patients showed delayed emesis, and 92.19% showed delayed nausea in (GRA) group (
P
< 0.0001). The study showed that PALO is a cost-effective choice when compared to GRA in CINV prevention as 45.10% of patients in (PALO) required additional rescue medications (Domperidone 10 mg orally three times per day plus Trimebutine 200 mg orally three times per week both for 5 days), while 95.24% in the (GRA) group used the same medications. Adverse events of both antiemetic drugs (PALO and GRA) include headaches and constipation and QTc prolongation reports, mostly mild to moderate, with relatively low rates among the two groups.
Conclusion
Palonosetron, combined with dexamethasone, is more effective than granisetron and dexamethasone combination against both acute and delayed emesis induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) cisplatin-based protocols and the combination of cyclophosphamide and anthracyclines (AC). Medical team members should make more efforts, especially clinical pharmacy personnel, to monitor medications' effectiveness and help the medical team achieve a suitable and reliable care plan.
The Myrteacae family is known as a rich source of phloroglucinols, a group of secondary metabolites with notable biological activities. Leaves of Psidium cattleianum were extracted with chloroform: ...methanol 8:2 to target the isolation of phloroglucinol derivatives. Isolated compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic methods: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultra-violet (UV) and mass spectrometry (MS). Two new phloroglucinols were evaluated for cytotoxicity against a panel of six human cancer cell lines, namely colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29 and HCT-116); hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2); laryngeal carcinoma (Hep-2); breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB231), in addition to normal human melanocytes HFB-4. Additionally, cell cycle analysis and annexin-V/FITC-staining were used to gain insights into the mechanism of action of the isolated compounds. The new phloroglucinol meroterpenoids, designated cattleianal and cattleianone, showed selective antiproliferative action against HT-29 cells with IC50’s of 35.2 and 32.1 μM, respectively. Results obtained using cell cycle analysis and annexin-V/FITC-staining implicated both necrosis and apoptosis pathways in the selective cytotoxicity of cattleianal and cattleianone. Our findings suggest that both compounds are selective antiproliferative agents and support further mechanistic studies for phloroglucinol meroterpenoids as scaffolds for developing new selective chemotherapeutic agents.
•Mathematical simulation model of an integrated PV solar house was proposed.•Developed model was validated with results available in the literature.•A solar house size of 12–24m3/1m2 of collector ...area satisfies heating conditions.•A flow rate of 0.06kg/s is accepted for a size of 24m3/1m2 collector area.•Longitudinal configuration for the solar cell array is preferred.
This paper concerns with optimum design and performance parameters related to energy management of a small solar house. The house is designed to satisfy the main requirements of electrical power and space heating. The proposed house has a south facing PV module employed for direct converting of solar energy into electricity as well as an air solar collector that is integrated behind the solar module. Integration of the solar collector with the PV module aims to enhance the efficiency as well as to decrease the capital cost of the unit. A heat and mass flow numerical model for the energy and mass balances of the flowing air behind the PV module is developed. Temperature variation of individual rooms inside the house is also considered in the study. The developed model has been employed to determine: an appropriate size for the solar house as regards to the given area of PV module, the optimum mass flow rate through the solar collector, and the best configuration of the solar cell array. The simulation results show that an area of 2m2 of the PV module would satisfy an acceptable room temperature in the season of winter with a solar house size of 24–48m3. Besides, there would be a significant enhancement in thermal efficiency at high mass flow rate of flowing air through the system. Furthermore, higher thermal efficiency and an acceptable room temperature would be achieved in longitudinal configuration of PV module.
Summary
Unified power flow controller (UPFC) is utilized to regulate the bus voltage as well as the power flow through a power system. A solution of optimal power flow (OPF) problems with UPFC is a ...crucial and complex task due to the required modifications for considering the parameters of UPFC. This work proposes a simplified UPFC modeling into an OPF code in order to avoid the programming complexity. Moreover, the solution of an OPF problem with a UPFC model is obtained by a recent physical‐based optimization technique called lightning attachment procedure optimization (LAPO). Different objective functions including minimizing fuel cost and fuel cost with valve point effect (VPE), reduction of emission, improvement of voltage profile, and improving the voltage stability index are considered. The proposed algorithm is tested using the standard IEEE 30‐bus system. The results obtained by the proposed algorithm are compared with those obtained by other optimization techniques. However, the obtained results verify the applicability of the simplified UPFC model in OPF.
The study of thermal therapy to tumors and the response of living cells to this therapy used to treat tumor is very important due to the complexity of heat transfer in biological tissues. In the past ...few years, there has been a growing interest among clinicians, mathematicians, and engineers regarding the use of computational and mathematical methods to simulate biological systems. Numerous medical proceedings also employ mathematical modeling and engineering techniques as a means to guarantee their safety and evaluate the associated risks effectively. This manuscript provides an analytical solution used for the first time to study the mechanism of biological thermal response during heat therapy on spheroidal skin tumor. The proposed method used a generalized thermoelasticity model with one relaxation time. The influence of relaxation times on the responses of diseased and healthy tissues is studied and interpreted graphically. Also, the impact of different laser irradiance on the thermal profile of the malignant tumor cells over a period of 2 minutes is interpreted graphically. To investigate the transfer of heat within biological tissues during the thermal therapy, the Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform methods were applied. A comparison of the present generalized thermoelasticity model and different models based on Pennes bioheat transfer PBT shows that our proposed model yields more realistic and accurate predictions. The current model can be used to explain various therapeutic methods.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A novel series of multifunctional pyrazolo3,4-dpyrimidine-based glutamate analogs (6a-l and 7a,b) have been designed and synthesized as antifolate anticancer agents. Among the tested compounds, 6i ...exhibited the most potent anti-proliferative activity towards NSCLC, CNS, Ovarian, Prostate, Colon, Melanoma, Breast, and Renal cancers with good to weak cytostatic activity and non-lethal actions. 6i demonstrated higher selectivity for cancer than normal cells. 6i could significantly increase the accumulation of S-phase cells during the cell cycle distribution of cancer cells with high potency in the induction of apoptosis. The results unveiled that 6i probably acts through dual inhibition of DHFR and TS enzymes (IC
50
= 2.41 and 8.88 µM, correspondingly). Docking studies of 6i displayed that N1-p-bromophenyl and C3-Methyl groups participate in substantial hydrophobic interactions. The drug-likeness features inferred that 6i met the acceptance criteria of Pfizer. Taking together, 6i could be a promising prototype for further optimization as an effective anticancer drug.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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