Positive regulatory domain containing 16 (PRDM16) protein represents the key regulator of brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. It induces brown fat phenotype and represses white adipose tissue ...specific genes through the association with
-terminal binding co-repressor proteins (CtBP1 and CtBP2). In healthy adults presence of BAT has been associated with lower glucose, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Our aim was to analyze the association of
gene (rs12409277) and
gene (rs1561589) polymorphisms with body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose level and lipid profile of adolescents.
Our study included 295 healthy school children, 145 boys (49.2%) and 150 girls (50.8%), 15 years of age. Genotypes for the selected polymorphisms were detected by the real-time PCR method. Age, gender, height, weight, lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and fasting glucose levels were recorded.
We did not find a statistically significant association of rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphisms with BMI, fasting glucose and lipid profile of adolescents. We further analyzed the combined effect of the two SNPs and the statistical analysis showed that carriers of CT genotype of rs12409277 polymorphism and GG genotype of rs1561589 polymorphism had significantly lower total cholesterol (
= 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (
= 0.008) levels compared to all other groups of genotypes.
Our study suggests that rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphism might have an influence on total and LDL cholesterol levels in adolescents. Larger studies should be performed in order to confirm our results.
An adequate assessment of the measurement uncertainty in a laboratory medicine is one of the most important factors for a reliable interpretation of the results. A large number of standards and ...guidelines indicate the need for a proper assessment of the uncertainty of measurement results in routine laboratory practice. The available documents generally recommend participation in the proficiency schemes/ external quality control, as well as the internal quality control, in order to primarily verify the quality performance of the method. Although all documents meet the requirements of the International Standard, ISO 15189, the standard itself does not clearly define the method by which the measurement results need to be assessed and there is no harmonization in practice regarding to this. Also, the uncertainty of measurement results is the data relating to the measured result itself, but all factors that influence the interpretation of the measured value, which is ultimately used for diagnosis and monitoring of the patient's treatment, should be taken into account. So in laboratory medicine, an appropriate assessment of the uncertainty of the measurement results should have the ultimate goal of reducing diagnostic uncertainty. However, good professional laboratory practice and understanding analytical aspects of the test for each individual laboratory is necessary to adequately define the uncertainty of measurement results for specific laboratory tests, which helps to implement good clinical practice. Also, setting diagnoses in medicine is a decision with a certain degree of uncertainty, rather than statistically and mathematically calculated conclusion.
During
(April 11 and 12, 2019, Belgrade,
) Society of Medical Biochemists of Serbia organized scientific and professional program with aim to discuss laboratory medicine topics of mutual interest for ...all the countries of the Region, such as:
Together with the countries from Balkan Region the countries from our neighborhood as Italy, Austria, Hungary, Cyprus and Israel have been invited to discuss this important topics and exchange the mutual experiances with aim to improve the laboratory medicine in our countries and to help our colleagues to improve daily laboratory practice in our countries. Also participation in the Symposium took colleagues from France and Belgium.
The aim of the study was to identify the diagnostic significance of presepsin in acute abdominal conditions and also to examine the correlation between presepsin, procalcitonin (PCT) and other ...parameters.
To detect presepsin we used a new rapid method based on a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. The clinical usefulness of presepsin to differentiate bacterial and non-bacterial infection including systemic inflammation response syndrome (SIRS) was studied and compared with PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBC).
The presepsin values in different conditions were (mean±standard deviation): healthy group (n=70) 258.7±92.53 pg/mL; SIRS (n=30) 430.0±141.33 pg/mL; sepsis (n=30) 1508.3±866.6 pg/mL. The presepsin values were significantly higher in patients with sepsis than the SIRS group (p<0.0001, Mann-Whitney U-test). The area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) for discriminating of the SIRS from the sepsis patients was 0.996 for presepsin and it was greater than the AUC of PCT (0.912), CRP (0.857) or WBC (0.777).
The ROC curve of the SIRS patient without infection and the sepsis patient showed that the presepsin concentration was a significantly sensitive indicator of sepsis and useful marker for the rapid diagnosis of sepsis.
Forum of the European Societies of Clinical Chemistry (FESCC) decided that the FESCC Symposium for Balkan Region would be held each year in Belgrade and organized by the Society of Medical ...Biochemists of Serbia and Montenegro (SMBSM). Professor Victor Blaton, at the time President of the FESCC, supported the organization of the Symposium. Purpose of these Symposia has been to educate clinical biochemists from Balkan region to improve management, leadership skills for effective laboratories. As a result of these decision twelve symposia have been organized thus far very successfully. Here the most important Symposium topics will be reviewed. Also, the 13
EFLM Symposium for Balkan Region under the title »
(Belgrade, September 2017) is organized by EFLM and SMBS under the Auspices of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC), Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia and Ministry of Health of Serbia with participation of the European and domestic specialists in field of Laboratory Medicine.
Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and long term disability throughout the world. It may be the outcome of a number of monogenic disorders or, more commonly, a polygenic multifactorial ...disease. Numerous studies have investigated the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, with varied and often contradictory results. The candidate 'stroke risk' genes affecting haemostasis (F5, F2, FGA/FGB, F7, F13A1, vWF, F12, SERPINE1, ITGB3/ITGA2B, ITGA2, GP1BA, TPA, TAFI, THBD, PZ, ANX5), homocysteine metabolism (MTHFR, CBS, MTR), and lipid metabolism (apo E, LPL, CETP, ABCA1, apo AI, apo CIII, apo AIV, apo AV, apo B, apo H, apo(a), PON1/2/3, LDLR/LOX-1) are evaluated in this review. By examining meta-analyses and case-control studies, we made a classification of gene/gene polymorphisms according to the degree of association with ischemic stroke risk. The data assembled could be very useful for further meta-analysis and for future clinical applications.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Objective: The measurement of pancreatic elastase (PE) in feces is used widely to screen for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship of PE with ...residual beta cell secretion and metabolic control in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Method: We determined the presence of PE in specimens via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas serum fasting glucose, C-peptide, amylase, lipase, triglycerides, total 25(OH)-vitamin D, C-reactive protein (CRP), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentrations were assayed using routine laboratory tests.
Results: PE values in 48 patients with diabetes were significantly lower than in 24 healthy volunteers (P = .001). In one-third of participants with diabetes mellitus, PE were less than 200 µg per g, indicating pancreatic functional insufficiency. Among the patients in the cohort, PE correlated positively with C-peptide levels (P = .04), lipase (P = .009), CRP (P = .04), sex (P = .03), and BMI (P = .02) but not significantly with duration of diabetes (P = .81) or levels of HbA1c (P = .87), amylase (P = .06), total 25(OH)-vitamin D (P = .16), or triglycerides (P = .52).
Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a strong association of diabetes with low PE levels.
The term biomarker in medicine most often stands for a protein measured in the circulation (blood) whose concentration indicates a normal or a pathological response of the organism, as well as a ...pharmacological response to the applied therapy. From a wider perspective, a biomarker is any indicator that is used as an index of the intensity of a disease or other physiological state in the organism. This means that biomarkers have a very important role in medical research and practice providing insight into the mechanism and course of a disease. Since a large number of biomarkers exist today that are used for different purposes, they have been classified into: 1) antecedent biomarkers, indicating risk of disease occurrence, 2) screening biomarkers, used to determine a subclinical form of disease, 3) diagnostic biomarkers, revealing an existing disease, 4) staging biomarkers, that define the stage and severity of a disease, and 5) prognostic biomarkers, that confirm the course of disease, including treatment response. Regardless of their role, their clinical significance depends on their sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and also precision, reliability, reproducibility, and the possibility of easy and wide application. For a biomarker to become successful, it must undergo the process of validation, depending on the level of use. It is very important for every suggested biomarker, according to its purpose or its nature, to possess certain characteristics and to meet the strict requirements related to sensitivity, accuracy and precision, in order for the proper outcome to be produced in the estimation of the state for which it is intended. Finally, the development of guidelines for biomarker application is very important, based on well defined and properly conducted assessments of biomarker determination, providing the means by which research is translated into practice and allowing evidence based on facts to promote the clinical application of new biomarkers.
Izrazom biomarker u medicini se označava najčešće protein izmeren u cirkulaciji (krvi) čija koncentracija ukazuje na normalan ili patološki odgovor u organizmu, kao i na farmakološki odgovor na primenjenu terapiju. Šire gledano biomarker je bilo koji pokazatelj koji se koristi kako indikator intenziteta nekog oboljenja ili drugog fiziološkog stanja u organizmu. To znači da biomarkeri imaju veoma značajnu ulogu u medicinskim istraživanjima i primeni jer omogućavaju sagledavanje mehanizma i toka bolesti. Pošto danas postoji veliku broj biomarkera koji se koriste u različite svrhe izvršena je njihova podela na: 1) antecedentne biomarkera, koji ukazuju na rizik od nastanka bolesti, 2) »screening« biomarkere, kojima se utvrđuje subklinička forma bolesti, 3) dijagnostičke biomarkere, koji otkrivaju postojeću bolest, 4) »staging« biomarkere, koji definišu stadijum i težinu bolesti i 5) prognostičke biomarkere, koji potvrđuju tok bolesti, uključujući i odgovor na terapiju. Bez obzira na ulogu koju imaju, njihov klinički značaj zavisi od njihove osetljivosti, specifičnosti, prediktivne vrednosti, zatim preciznosti, pouzdanosti, reproducibilnosti, kao i mogućnosti jednostavne i široke primene. Da bi biomarker bio uspešan mora proći kroz put validacije zavisno od nivoa upotrebe. Veoma je značajno da svaki predloženi biomarker zavisno od namene ili njegove prirode ima odgovarajuće karakteristike i da ispunjava stroge zahteve koji se odnose na osetljivost, tačnost i preciznost kako bi se postigao odgovarajući ishod za procenu stanja za koji je namenjen. Shodno navedenom više istraživačkih cenatara i grupa predložilo je način i uputstva za evaluaciju biomarkera uzimajući u obzir prognostičke prema diajgnostičim modelima. Konačno, veoma je značajna izrada uputstava (Guidelines) za primenu biomarkera koja su zasnovana na dobro definisanim i sprovedenim procenama određivanja nekog biomarkera, na koji način su dobijena dobra sredstva putem kojih su preneta istraživanja u praksu a dokazi zasnovani na činjenicama potpomažu kliničku primenu novih biomarkera.
Medical biochemistry is the usual name for clinical biochemistry or clinical chemistry in Serbia, and medical biochemist is the official name for the clinical chemist (or clinical biochemist). This ...is the largest sub-discipline of the laboratory medicine in Serbia. It includes all aspects of clinical chemistry, and also laboratory hematology with coagulation, immunology, etc. Medical biochemistry laboratories in Serbia and medical biochemists as a profession are part of Health Care System and their activities are regulated through: the Health Care Law and rules issued by the Chamber of Medical Biochemists of Serbia. The first continuous and organized education for Medical Biochemists (Clinical Chemists) in Serbia dates from 1945, when the Department of Medical Biochemistry was established at the Pharmaceutical Faculty in Belgrade. In 1987 at the same Faculty a five years undergraduate study program was established, educating Medical Biochemists under a special program. Since the academic year 2006/2007 the new five year undergraduate (according to Bologna Declaration) and four-year postgraduate program according to EC4 European Syllabus for Postgraduate Training in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine has been established. The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health accredited these programs. There are four requirements for practicing medical biochemistry in the Health Care System: University Diploma of the Faculty of Pharmacy (Study of Medical Biochemistry), successful completion of the professional exam at the Ministry of Health after completion of one additional year of obligatory practical training in the medical biochemistry laboratories, membership in the Serbian Chamber of Medical Biochemists and licence for skilled work issued by the Serbian Chamber of Medical Biochemists. In order to present laboratory medical biochemistry practice in Serbia this paper will be focused on the following: Serbian national legislation, healthcare services organization, sub-disciplines of laboratory medicine and medical biochemistry as the most significant, education in medical biochemistry, conditions for professional practice in medical biochemistry, continuous quality improvement, and accreditation. Serbian healthcare is based on fundamental principles of universal health coverage and solidarity between all citizens.
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