We consider ordinary differentials of cancerous tumor cells model with time delay that illustrates and represents the interactions of the tumor cells with effector cells include immune response of ...natural, dendritic and cytotoxic cells. The time delay is incorporated here into the model to justify the time required to stimulate the effector cells. This also help to study the behavior of the system without using all kinds of treatments. We study the stability of the model that confirms a free tumor steady state and displays two equilibrium points. The numerical simulations show that growing of the tumor cells reduces and the effector cells increase after few days for different values of time delay up to , even without considering the treatment strategies in the model. We present an efficient numerical technique that shows how we can first represent the periodic solution of the tumor nonlinear equation and then effectively estimate the unknown parameters of the model.
Psychiatry in Qatar Mohammed, Mohammed; Makki, Ibrahim; Ghuloum, Suhaila
BJPsych International,
11/2023, Letnik:
20, Številka:
4
Journal Article, Book Review
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The first article written about psychiatric services in Qatar was published in BJPsych International in 2006. Since then, the health system in Qatar has undergone significant transformation in the ...areas of service delivery, research and education. International accreditations are sought in all these fields to emphasise the standard achieved. In this article, we follow up on the mental health services currently available in Qatar, their strengths and the associated challenges.
There is substantial evidence that people with mental illness have higher mortality rates than the general population. However, most of the studies were from Western countries, and it is not clear ...whether this finding also applies to Arab countries like Qatar.
We aimed to explore whether mortality in patients with mental illness in Qatar, is different from those without.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including all Qatari nationals deceased in 2017 and 2018, using the list of registered deaths from Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) Mortuary. We divided the cohort of deceased people into two groups: with and without mental illness. For each of the groups, we collected the age at death, the reported cause of death as well as sociodemographic and clinical data.
There were 602 registered deaths in 2017 and 589 deaths in 2018. The prevalence of mental illness was 20.4%. Compared to subjects without mental illness, subjects with mental illness surprisingly had higher age at death (median ± IQR = 76.5 ± 22.1 years vs. 62.7 ± 32.9 years; p < .001). This difference persisted even after we controlled for covariates. Individuals with mental illness were more likely to die of an infection (OR = 1.981.44;2.71), or of chronic respiratory disease (OR = 3.53 1.66;7.52) but less likely to die because of accidental (OR = 0.210.09;0.49) or congenital causes (OR = 0.180.04;0.77).
Contrary to most previous studies, we did not find that mortality was higher in Qatari individuals with mental illness. Sociocultural factors, free and easy-to-access healthcare, and an enhanced role of mental health professionals in detecting medical comorbidities may explain this finding.
Background
In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global health pandemic. The rapid spread and high fatalities associated with COVID-19 have increased interest in assessing ...Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) toward this illness among the general population in comparison to specific subgroups. Most publications to date have explored KAP among the general public, healthcare providers, and people with chronic conditions, but not amongst those with mental illness. Yet, research has shown patients with mental illness are at higher risk of poor outcomes related to infectious diseases such as COVID-19. The objective of this study is to compare KAP toward COVID-19 between people with mental illness and the general public.
Materials and methods
This is a cross-sectional study, done over 3
°
months in 2020, to compare KAP during the COVID-19 pandemic in three groups: outpatients from outpatient Psychiatry clinics (
N
= 165), inpatients admitted to a Psychiatry ward (
N
= 100), and the general public (
N
= 345). KAP parameters were assessed through online surveys.
Results
The proportion of subjects in the public group (84.8%) giving the correct responses to most Knowledge questions was significantly higher than those in the inpatient and outpatient groups. Compared to the public and inpatient groups, subjects in the outpatient group (92.7%) were significantly more optimistic and confident that COVID-19 would be brought under control. A higher proportion of subjects from the general public (82.9%) indicated that they attended crowded places and were more compliant in wearing masks. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that poorer COVID-19 knowledge was associated with being single and having a young age (18–29), with both inpatients and outpatients and with primary-or secondary-level education.
Conclusion
Patient populations, both inpatients and outpatients, had inadequate Knowledge, more positive attitudes and confidence regarding the outcome of COVID-19, and less safe practices than the public. This highlights the need for targeted approaches around COVID-19 and pandemics in general in this vulnerable population.
Background
Qatar is a high-income country with 90% of the population being economic migrants from low income countries. Due to this unique population composition, it has been suggested that Qatar may ...not follow suicide trends of high-income countries. Additionally, there is paucity of information on suicidal trends and rates due to social and cultural reasons. The Covid-19 pandemic has additionally impacted mental health of migrants differently form native Qataris.
Objectives
This study explores suicidal behavior trends among individuals attending the main Emergency Department in the state of Qatar for mental health emergencies. The study also compared these trends for pre-pandemic period to early post pandemic period.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of individuals attending the main emergency department of the country from 1st December 2019 to 30th June 2020 was carried out using a composite data collection form. This identified 799 individuals presenting with mental health emergencies. Suicidal behaviors, relevant sociodemographic data, along with factors known to be associated with suicidal behaviors were collected for this group.
Results
24.9% (n = 199) of the sample presented with suicidal behaviors. Younger age (31.16 ± 9.497), current hopelessness (70; 54.7%), history of suicidal thoughts (50; 47.2%), history of suicidal attempts (43; 34.7%), history of self-harm thoughts (35; 39.3%), history of self-harm attempts (41; 37.6%) were highly significantly associated with suicidal behavior (
p
< 0.01). Qataris formed 27% of the group presenting with suicidal behaviors although they constitute only around 10% of the population. There was no significant change in the rate of presenting with suicidal behaviors during the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Conclusions
This study reports an annual incidence of suicidal behaviors in Qatar lower than that has been previously reported. The authors surmise that this may be due to improved availability and early intervention of mental health services and decreased stigma around mental health.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, resulting in the degradation of the myelin sheath. Diet especially fish oils and omega-3 has been ...found to play an important role in MS. This work aimed to review the literature systematically for evidence on the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DPA and DHA) on MS progression in adults.
Methods: The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Oxford, Cochrane, Embase, International pharmaceutical abstract, PsychINFO, and clinical trials government. The inclusions were studies performed on humans both male and female, aged 18 years at minimum, diagnosed with MS according to McDonald 2010 criteria. Otherwise, all studies were excluded.
Results: A total of 5554 studies were screened and seven were thoroughly focused on as they typically met the inclusion criteria. These studies showed the beneficial roles of fish oil supplementation and omega-3 fatty acids in improving the quality of life of MS patients. These roles were attributed to their beneficial effects on inflammatory markers, glutathione reductase, reducing the relapsing rate, and achieving balanced omega-6 to omega-3 ratios.
Conclusion: Omega-3 and fish oils supplementations have beneficial effects on reducing the relapsing rate, inflammatory markers, and improving the quality of life for MS patients.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, FSPLJ, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Rendahnya tingkat pencapaian output produksi dapat terjadi karena adanya pemborosan atau waste. Waste ditandai dengan tingginya rework dan reject, serta rendahnya kualitas dan produktivitas kerja. ...Waste dapat direduksi dengan mengetahui tingkat prosentase waste tertinggi dan terendah, sehingga dapat diketahui jenis waste yang paling mempengaruhi timbulnya jenis waste yang lain. Dengan mengidentifikasi jenis waste yang terjadi diharapkan dapat dicari akar penyebab waste dan solusinya sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan output produksi. Waste Assessment Model (WAM) merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui jenis waste yang terjadi pada industri manufaktur. Berdasarkan pendekatan metode WAM pada studi kasus proses penjahitan artikel “01” ditemukan bahwa waste yang paling kritis yaitu waste inappropriate processing. Waste ini diakibatkan oleh tingginya tingkat rework pada bagian kerah dari output yang dihasilkan. Akar penyebab rework pada bagian kerah yaitu tidak adanya alat bantu yang dapat meminimalisir dan memudahkan proses penjahitan kerah. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan tingkat rework menurun yang diikuti dengan meningkatnya output produksi.
Pada zaman yang semakin canggih ini semakin banyak masalah yang muncul. Salah satu masalah yang muncul dan mengkhawatirkan saat ini adalah masalah kebisingan. Kebisingan dapat menyebabkan seseorang ...menjadi terganggu kesehatan pendengarannya. Tekstil akustik adalah kain yang digunakan sebagai peredam suara. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu bahan material nonwoven dengan metoda thermal bonding. Serat dasar yang digunakan yaitu serat rayon viskosa dengan serat pengikatnya adalah serat polyester low melt. Material nonwoven dengan bahan baku serat rayon viskosa memiliki nilai daya tembus udara lebih kecil dibanding material nonwoven lain yang digunakan. Serat rayon viskosa memiliki morfologi penampang melintang yang memiliki rongga sehingga bisa menjadi material penyerap bunyi yang baik. Material nonwoven dengan serat rayon viskosa memiliki nilai koefisien absorpsi bunyi paling tinggi dengan nilai 0,99 ɑs pada frekuensi 5000 f/Hz.. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian koefisien absorpsi bunyi dengan nilai koefisien 0,388 ɑs dan 0,306 ɑs pada frekuensi 1000 f/Hz maka material nonwoven serat rayon viskosa dapat digunakan sebagai peredam suara pada area studio musik yang mempunyai standar koefisien absorpsi 0,3-0,4 ɑs.
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