In particular, the knowledge of Chinese law, which was previously obtained by our national science, is not being sufficiently used nowadays. Russian legal scholars know little about the original ...latest legal theories of their Chinese colleagues. Studying the most complex legal phenomena in modern China requires taking into account the peculiarities of its national legal culture. In order to understand Chinese legal culture, we can refer to Chinese literature. It is advisable to use the cognitive potential of legal ethnology in the study of Chinese law. The problem of law sources is one of the most important as well as difficult for studying. One should keep to unified terminology developed by the theory of law, taking into account the fact that the law sources reveal their “specifics” within a particular legal system. Difficulties often arise in determining the meaning of translated legal terms when correlating them with the concepts that could seem similar for the Russian and Chinese legal systems. As an example, we consider the specific names of the acts of the Standing Committee of the NPC, which adopts laws, regulations, resolutions, regulations, and rules. Regarding all the complexities, researchers are recommended to turn to the experience of Soviet law, and pay attention to the fact that in order to qualify the acts of the Standing Committee of the NPC it is necessary to use not only a formal, but also a substantive criterion, as well as a criterion of legal force. No less of a problem is the study of the interpretation of the norms of Chinese law, formulated in various sources. From the formal legal side it is important to study the interpretations of the Standing Committee of the NPC. However, their small number confirms the importance of the explanations of the Supreme People’s Court on the current legislation application, as well as the special role of the Governing Court Cases of the Supreme People’s Court as models for resolving cases.
The article discusses possible ways of harmonizing the Eurasian Economic Community member states' legislation on the freedom of conscience. It is shown that the basis of harmonization is common ...approach developed over the centuries in existence within a single state - The Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, the legal documents of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the transfer of basic research from determining the signs of the secular state on to the development of individualistic and collective freedom of conscience. The current Law on Freedom of Conscience in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation is analyzed.
The article analyzes the main provisions of the monograph “Modern Chinese State. Vol. 1: Basic Institutions of State Power and Administration”, published in 2022 by the Russian Academy of Sciences, ...in the context of the problematization of scholarly studies of Chinese law. The authors of the article give a brief description of the main issues disclosed in the monograph, such as: administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC); population control and registration; the judicial system of the People’s Republic of China; the Public Prosecutor’s Office; control (supervisory) committees; and so on. At the same time, attention is focused on those provisions of the monograph that contribute to the search for solutions to problematic issues relevant to lawyers studying the law of the People’s Republic of China. This is, in particular, about the lawmaking of the state bodies of the PRC with the understanding of the role of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in this activity, on the Legal Status of the President of the People’s Republic of China, on the Nature of CPC Acts, as well as Joint Acts of the Central Party Organs and the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, on the role of judicial acts in the light of the system of sources of Chinese law. A number of areas of legal regulation have been identified, where the experience of the People’s Republic of China can be used in lawmaking and law enforcement in the Russian Federation. It is concluded that the monograph systematizes and increases knowledge about the state-legal reality of the PRC, allows to achieve a better understanding of the law of China.
BACKGROUND: Diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy (DNOAP, Charcots foot) - is a progressive destructive inflammatory disease of the osteoarticular apparatus of the foot, untimely and inadequate treatment of ...which can lead to the formation of gross deformities. More often, DNOAP is unilateral, bilateral lesion is relatively rare. It is not always possible to trace the relationship between the debut of DNOAP with trauma and chronic hyperglycemia. There is data demonstrating the role of individual pro-inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of DNOAP, however, studies combining the evaluation of various metabolic markers of Charcots foot formation are currently extremely poor.
AIM: To evaluate the hormonal and metabolic markers of bone formation and resorption in patients with DNOAP and without this diabetic complication.
METHODS: A prospective, controlled trial included 70 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (37 men and 43 women) who formed 2 groups: group 1 included patients with DNOAP, group 2 was formed by patients with diabetes without foot skeleton damage. All patients underwent a study of 1,25-OH-vitamin D, sclerostin, pro-MMP-1, C-terminal propeptide type 1 collagen (PICP), type 1 collagen, osteocalcin, PTH, 25-OH-vitamin D, beta-cross-slaps.
RESULTS: The results of the studies confirmed the presence of vitamin D deficiency in all patients with diabetes mellitus included in the study, revealed the absence of statistically significant differences between the groups in the values of sclerostin, pro-MMP-1; 25-OH-vitamin D, type I collagen, and osteocalcin (p 0.05). However, significant differences were found in the 1.25-OH vitamin D levels: patients with DNOAP presented the lower rates of 1,25-OH-vitamin D in comparison to control group (p 0.05). Beta-cross and PICP levels were significantly higher in DNOAP patients as well (p 0.05). Those findings show the more severe collagen degradation in patients with DNOAP and can be the genetically predisposed cause of DNOAP development. Though further studies are needed.
CONCLUSION: In patients with DNOAP a decrease in 1,25-OH-vitamin D levels was found, as well as the alteration of the synthesis and destruction of collagen (beta-cross-slaps and PICP) compared to patients with diabetes mellitus without osteoarticular disorders.
The article discusses possible ways of harmonizing the Eurasian Economic Community member states' legislation on the freedom of conscience. It is shown that the basis of harmonization is common ...approach developed over the centuries in existence within a single state – The Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, the legal documents of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the transfer of basic research from determining the signs of the secular state on to the development of individualistic and collective freedom of conscience. The current Law on Freedom of Conscience in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation is analyzed. Keywords: Eurasian Economic Community, Freedom of Conscience, The Secular State, Church-State Relations, Religious Organizations JEL Classifications: F5, H7, K2
The article discusses possible ways of harmonizing the Eurasian Economic Community member states' legislation on the freedom of conscience. It is shown that the basis of harmonization is common ...approach developed over the centuries in existence within a single state – The Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, the legal documents of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the transfer of basic research from determining the signs of the secular state on to the development of individualistic and collective freedom of conscience. The current Law on Freedom of Conscience in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation is analyzed. Keywords: Eurasian Economic Community, Freedom of Conscience, The Secular State, Church-State Relations, Religious Organizations JEL Classifications: F5, H7, K2
The article discusses possible ways of harmonizing the Eurasian Economic Community member states’ legislation on the freedom of conscience. It is shown that the basis of harmonization is common ...approach developed over the centuries in existence within a single state – The Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, the legal documents of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the transfer of basic research from determining the signs of the secular state on to the development of individualistic and collective freedom of conscience. The current Law on Freedom of Conscience in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation is analyzed.
A family of brightly luminescent dinuclear complexes of Cu(μ
-X)(N^N)
type (X = I or SCN) has been synthesized in 76-90% yields by the reaction of bis(2-pyridyl)phosphine oxides (N^N) with the ...corresponding Cu(i) salts. The X-ray diffraction study reveals that the Cu
I
core of the Cu(μ
-I)(N^N)
complexes has either a butterfly- or rhomboid-shaped structure, while the eighth-membered Cu()Cu ring in the Cu
(SCN)
(N^N)
complexes is nearly planar. In the solid state, these compounds exhibit a strong green-to-yellow emission (λ = 536-592 nm) with high PLQYs (up to 63%) and short lifetimes (1.9-10.0 μs). The combined photophysical and DFT study indicates that the ambient-temperature emission of the complexes obtained can be assigned to the thermally activated-delayed fluorescence (TADF) from the
(M + X)LCT excited state, while at 77 K, phosphorescence from the
(M + X)LCT state is likely observed.
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