The present study aims to evaluate the suitability of 10 candidate genes, namely GAPDH, ACTB, RPS15A, RPL4, RPS9, RPS23, HMBS, HPRT1, EEF1A1 and UBI as internal control genes (ICG) to normalize the ...transcriptional data of mammary epithelial cells (MEC) in Indian cows. A total of 52 MEC samples were isolated from milk of Sahiwal cows (major indigenous dairy breed of India) across different stages of lactation: Early (5–15 days), Peak (30–60 days), Mid (100–140 days) and Late (> 240 days). Three different statistical algorithms: geNorm, Normfinder and BestKeeper were used to assess the suitability of these genes. In geNorm analysis, all the genes exhibited expression stability (M) values below 0.5 with EEF1A1 and RPL4 showing the maximum expression stability. Similar to geNorm, Normfinder also identified EEF1A1 and RPL4 as two of the most stable genes. In Bestkeeper algorithm as well, all the 10 genes showed consistent expression levels. The analysis showed that four genes, that is, EEF1A1, RPL4, GAPDH and ACTB exhibited higher coefficient of correlation to the Bestkeeper index, lower coefficient of variance and standard deviation, indicating their superiority to be used as ICG. The present analysis has provided evidence that RPL4, EEF1A1, GAPDH and ACTB could probably act as most suitable genes for normalizing the transcriptional data of milk‐derived mammary epithelial cells of Indian cows.
Underutilized plant species has started changing the conception of plants by expanding the use well beyond from foods and fibers to rich source of medicinally important secondary metabolites. ...Bioactive compounds from natural sources are gaining importance as potential drug candidates towards many inflammatory conditions like Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The focus of the present study has been centred to reveal the anti-inflammatory potential of an underutilized fruits of B. sapida. Further efforts towards its medicinal significance may provide relieve from symptoms of RA by reducing the side effects that are observed in available medications. Total 10 compounds in fruit crude methanol extract were identified and quantified by LC-MS/MS analysis followed by the agar well diffusion method for their anti microbial activity. Among all studied micro organism S. aureus was found to surmount the inflammation in RA through domain B of surface protein A (Staphylococcal surface protein A). Identified compounds (having anti-inflammatory properties) were scrutinized for their toxicity and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) using lazer toxicity and Molinspiration servers respectively. Further, docking studies have been carried out between domain B and studied compounds using AutoDock. Out of 6 anti-inflammtory compounds, quercetin has been identified as the most potent compound in reference to its inhibitory constant (47.01) and binding energy (-5.90 kcal/mol) to bacterial protein. Our data suggest that methanol extract of B. sapida fruit posses medicinally significant anti-inflammatory compounds and thus justifies the use of this fruit as folklore medicine for preventing inflammation related diseases.
Fog and Edge Computing Issues and Challenges - A Review Anand, Arnaav; Agarwal, Pratyush; Bajpai, Mann ...
2023 11th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Embedded Design (ISED),
2023-Dec.-15
Conference Proceeding
Fog computing is the latest trend in the current scenario where sensors play a key role in managing and analyzing any device. With this huge spread of sensors and cloud comes various issues like ...security, network delay, resource utilization, and many more. In this work, we have tried to highlight these issues and existing proposed solutions to address these issues. In this architecture cloud is the main resource provider to compute the data so to address this issue resource allocation plays a significant role. Various nature-inspired algorithms and metaheuristic optimization algorithms are a few solutions to improve the performance of FOG and Cloud.
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the suitability of 10 candidate genes, namely
GAPDH
,
ACTB
,
RPS15A
,
RPL4
,
RPS9
,
RPS23
,
HMBS
,
HPRT1
,
EEF1A1
and
UBI
as internal control genes (
ICG
) ...to normalize the transcriptional data of mammary epithelial cells (
MEC
) in
I
ndian cows. A total of 52
MEC
samples were isolated from milk of Sahiwal cows (major indigenous dairy breed of
I
ndia) across different stages of lactation: Early (5–15 days), Peak (30–60 days), Mid (100–140 days) and Late (> 240 days). Three different statistical algorithms: ge
N
orm, Normfinder and BestKeeper were used to assess the suitability of these genes. In ge
N
orm analysis, all the genes exhibited expression stability (M) values below 0.5 with
EEF1A1
and
RPL4
showing the maximum expression stability. Similar to ge
N
orm, Normfinder also identified
EEF1A1
and
RPL4
as two of the most stable genes. In Bestkeeper algorithm as well, all the 10 genes showed consistent expression levels. The analysis showed that four genes, that is,
EEF1A1
,
RPL4
,
GAPDH
and
ACTB
exhibited higher coefficient of correlation to the Bestkeeper index, lower coefficient of variance and standard deviation, indicating their superiority to be used as
ICG
. The present analysis has provided evidence that
RPL4
,
EEF1A1
,
GAPDH
and
ACTB
could probably act as most suitable genes for normalizing the transcriptional data of milk‐derived mammary epithelial cells of Indian cows.
Cancer is a huge problem of disease globally. Today, the percentage of people die from cancer is more than a combination of various diseases. In females, most common types of malignancies that occur ...are breast and cervical. The present focus has been shifted on medicinal plants as a form of therapy and there is a constant need to identify new therapeutic agents. Choerospondias axillaris (C. axillaris), an underutilized fruit, has been used in the remedy of various diseases. In the present communication, we evaluated the molecular mechanism of C. axillaris methanol extract in regulating cell death in human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231).
Methanol extract of C. axillaris was prepared and compounds were screened by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effect of fruit extract was determined on MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT ((3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and to analyse the molecular mechanism of human breast cancer cells after treating with fruit extract, protein profiling study was performed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
A total 9 differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) analysis. Among 9 identified proteins, synphilin-1 protein was found to be significantly downregulated, validated by western blot and RT-qPCR analysis. Possible interacting partners of synphilin-1 (SNCAIP) were analyzed for their possible role in cancer by the in-silico method.
Our data implicate that the presence of bioactive compound(s) in C. axillaris fruits might play an important role in inhibiting the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells and Synphilin-1 protein may play a role of apoptotic function.
Creating an agile hardware design flow Bahr, Rick; Barrett, Clark; Bhagdikar, Nikhil ...
Proceedings of the 57th ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference,
07/2020
Conference Proceeding
Although an agile approach is standard for software design, how to properly adapt this method to hardware is still an open question. This work addresses this question while building a system on chip ...(SoC) with specialized accelerators. Rather than using a traditional waterfall design flow, which starts by studying the application to be accelerated, we begin by constructing a complete flow from an application expressed in a high-level domain-specific language (DSL), in our case Halide, to a generic coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA). As our understanding of the application grows, the CGRA design evolves, and we have developed a suite of tools that tune application code, the compiler, and the CGRA to increase the efficiency of the resulting implementation. To meet our continued need to update parts of the system while maintaining the end-to-end flow, we have created DSL-based hardware generators that not only provide the Verilog needed for the implementation of the CGRA, but also create the collateral that the compiler/mapper/place and route system needs to configure its operation. This work provides a systematic approach for desiging and evolving highperformance and energy-efficient hardware-software systems for any application domain.
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