The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of NiCo LDH electrocatalysts can be improved through fluorine doping. The roles of Ni and Co active sites in such catalysts remain ambiguous and ...controversial. In addressing the issue, this study draws upon the molecular orbital theory and proposes the active center competitive mechanism between Ni and Co. The doped F‐atoms can directly impact the valence state of metal atoms or exert an indirect influence through the dehydrogenation, thereby modulating the active center. As the F‐atoms are progressively aggregate, the eg orbitals of Ni and Co transition from e2g to e1g, and subsequently to e0g. The corresponding valence state elevates from +2 to +3, and then to +4, signifying an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease in the electrocatalytic performance. Furthermore, a series of F‐NiCo LDH catalysts are synthesized to verify the eg orbital occupancy analysis, and the catalytic OER overpotentials are 303, 243, 240, and 246 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2, respectively, which coincides well with the theoretical prediction. This investigation not only provides novel mechanistic insights into the transition and competition of Ni and Co in F‐NiCo LDH catalysts but also establishes a foundation for the design of high‐performance catalysts.
The active center competitive mechanism in F‐NiCo LDH for OER from the points of view of both eg orbital and the valence.
In a previous study, the early ripening of Kyoho grape following H
O
treatment was explored at the physiological level, but the mechanism by which H
O
promotes ripening at the molecular level is ...unclear. To reveal the molecular mechanism, RNA-sequencing analysis was conducted on the different developmental stages of Kyoho berry treated with H
O
.
In the comparison of treatment and control groups, 406 genes were up-regulated and 683 were down-regulated. Time course sequencing (TCseq) analysis showed that the expression patterns of most of the genes were similar between the treatment and control, except for some genes related to chlorophyll binding and photosynthesis. Differential expression analysis and the weighted gene co-expression network were used to screen significantly differentially expressed genes and hub genes associated with oxidative stress (heat shock protein, HSP), cell wall deacetylation (GDSL esterase/lipase, GDSL), cell wall degradation (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase, XTH), and photosynthesis (chlorophyll a-b binding protein, CAB1). Gene expression was verified with RT-qPCR, and the results were largely consistent with those of RNA sequencing.
The RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that H
O
treatment promoted the early ripening of Kyoho berry by affecting the expression levels of HSP, GDSL, XTH, and CAB1 and- photosynthesis- pathways.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Aims
The aim of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate a nurse‐led shared decision‐making model of care for discussing the use of complementary and alternative medicine with diabetic ...patients and to explore to what extent the risk–benefit assessment of using complementary and alternative medicine can provide a framework for facilitating nurse–patient dialogue and strengthening patient involvement in their disease management.
Design
Participatory action research with pre‐post intervention.
Methods
A two‐run cycle of action and spirals from participatory action research was undertaken using a purposive sampling method to involve healthcare professionals and diabetic patients from September 2021 to June 2022. The nurse‐led shared decision‐making model of care was designed and implemented congruent with participatory action research principles. Quantitative measures were collected about patients' perceived involvement in shared decision‐making and their understanding of the risks and benefits of using complementary and alternative medicine. Patients' outcomes of disease control (fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c) were also collected. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS software (version 28). Interviews were summarized using thematic analysis. An EQUATOR Network guideline for participatory action research supported the preparation of this paper.
Results
Comparison of pre‐post intervention outcomes showed that patients' scale scores on shared decision‐making involvement and understanding of the risk–benefit of using complementary and alternative medicine improved significantly after implementing the model. Fasting plasma glucose improved only slightly after a 3‐month follow‐up.
Conclusions
The care model strengthens patient involvement in their disease management and makes appropriate decisions about CAM use that should reduce potentially harmful side effects or interactions between CAM and conventional medicine.
Implications for the Profession and Patient Care
The shared decision‐making model of care incorporates evidence‐based CAM research into practice, facilitates the standardization of CAM management in diabetes, improves care options for patients and educates nurses about CAM use in managing diabetes.
Patient or Public Contribution
No Patient or Public Contribution.
Extensive research has been conducted on fruit development in crops, but the metabolic regulatory networks underlying perennial fruit trees remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we ...conduct a comprehensive analysis of the metabolome, proteome, transcriptome, DNA methylome, and small RNAome profiles of pear fruit flesh at 11 developing stages, spanning from fruitlet to ripening. Here, we systematically investigate the metabolic landscape and regulatory network involved.
We generate an association database consisting of 439 metabolites and 14,399 genes to elucidate the gene regulatory network of pear flesh metabolism. Interestingly, we detect increased DNA methylation in the promoters of most genes within the database during pear flesh development. Application of a DNA methylation inhibitor to the developing fruit represses chlorophyll degradation in the pericarp and promotes xanthophyll, β-carotene, and abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in the flesh. We find the gradual increase in ABA production during pear flesh development is correlated with the expression of several carotenoid pathway genes and multiple transcription factors. Of these transcription factors, the zinc finger protein PbZFP1 is identified as a positive mediator of ABA biosynthesis in pear flesh. Most ABA pathway genes and transcription factors are modified by DNA methylation in the promoters, although some are induced by the DNA methylation inhibitor. These results suggest that DNA methylation inhibits ABA accumulation, which may delay fruit ripening.
Our findings provide insights into epigenetic regulation of metabolic regulatory networks during pear flesh development, particularly with regard to DNA methylation.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the application potential of a recombinant fungal immunomodulatory protein from
(rFIP-glu). First, a recombinant plasmid pPIC9K::FIP-glu-His was transferred into
...for the production of protein. The protein was then to assess its free radical scavenging abilities and the effect on the viability of both human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and mouse B16-F10 melanoma cells (B16 cells)
, followed by the effect on the melanin synthesis of B16 cells. The results of SDS-PAGE and western blot showed that rFIP-glu was successfully expressed. Furtherly, a bioactivity assay
indicated that the scavenging rate of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals reached 84.5% at 6.0 mg/mL (
≤ 0.0001) of rFIP-glu, showing strong antioxidant activity. Subsequently, a safety evaluation demonstrated that rFIP-glu promoted the proliferation of HaCaT cells, with the cell viability reaching 124.3% at 48 μg/mL (
≤ 0.01), regarding the cell viability of B16 cells after exposure to rFIP-glu (48 μg/mL) significantly inhibited, to 80.7% (
≤ 0.01). Besides, rFIP-glu inhibited the melanin synthesis of B16 cells in a dose-dependent manner from 100-1000 μg/mL, and rFIP-glu at 500 μg/mL (
≤ 0.01) exhibited the highest intracellular melanin amount reduction of 16.8%. Furthermore, a mechanism analysis showed that rFIP-glu inhibited tyrosinase (TYR) activity by up-regulating the expression of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and down-regulating the gene expression of TYR and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TYRP-1), thus inhibiting melanin synthesis. The data implied that rFIP-glu had significant antioxidant activity and whitening potency. It should be used as raw materials for cosmeceutical applications.
Pear fruit exhibit a single sigmoid pattern during development, while peach and strawberry fruits exhibit a double sigmoid pattern. However, little is known about the differences between these two ...patterns.
In this study, fruit weights were measured and paraffin sections were made from fruitlet to maturated pear, peach, and strawberry samples. Results revealed that both single and double sigmoid patterns resulted from cell expansion, but not cell division. Comparative transcriptome analyses were conducted among pear, peach, and strawberry fruits at five fruit enlargement stages. Comparing the genes involved in these intervals among peaches and strawberries, 836 genes were found to be associated with all three fruit enlargement stages in pears (Model I). Of these genes, 25 were located within the quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions related to fruit weight and 90 were involved in cell development. Moreover, 649 genes were associated with the middle enlargement stage, but not early or late enlargement in pears (Model II). Additionally, 22 genes were located within the QTL regions related to fruit weight and 63 were involved in cell development. Lastly, dual-luciferase assays revealed that the screened bHLH transcription factors induced the expression of cell expansion-related genes, suggesting that the two models explain the single sigmoid pattern.
Single sigmoid patterns are coordinately mediated by Models I and II, thus, a potential gene regulation network for the single sigmoid pattern was proposed. These results enhance our understanding of the molecular regulation of fruit size in Rosaceae.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Microbes are an important part of the vineyard ecosystem, which significantly influence the quality of grapes. Previously, we identified a bud mutant variety (named 'Fengzao') from 'Kyoho' grapes. ...The variation of microbial communities in grape and its bud mutant variety has not been studied yet. So, in this study, with the samples of both 'Fengzao' and 'Kyoho', we conducted high-throughput microbiome sequencing and investigated their microbial communities in different tissues. Obvious differences were observed in the microbial communities between 'Fengzao' and 'Kyoho'. The fruit and the stem are the tissues with relatively higher abundance of microbes, while the leaves contained less microbes. The fruit and the stem of 'Kyoho' and the stem of 'Fengzao' had relatively higher species diversity based on the alpha diversity analysis. Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae had significantly high abundance in 'Fengzao'. Firmicutes and Pseudomonas were highly abundant in the stems of 'Kyoho', and family of Spirochaetaceae, Anaplasmataceae, Chlorobiaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae, and genera of Spirochaeta, Sphingomonas, Chlorobaculum and Wolbachia were abundant in the fruits of 'Kyoho'. These identified microbes are main components of the microbial communities, and could be important regulators of grapevine growth and development. This study revealed the differences in the microbial compositions between 'Kyoho' and its bud mutant, and these identified microbes will be significant resources for the future researches on the quality regulation and disease control of grapevines.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Tourist shopping and souvenirs have contributed significantly to tourism retailing and may represent the best and easiest way to experience local culture. The aim of this research is to analyze the ...attributes of successful food specialties and provide suggestions for the development of food souvenirs. This research initially explored the relationship among the major dimensions of souvenirs in existing literature, the critical attributes of award winning food specialties and the connections with requirements for food specialty souvenirs. A content analysis research approach was adopted in the current study. Research samples were selected from a professional food specialty institution (National Association for the Specialty Food Trade, NASFT). The 192 Gold Award winners analyzed were based on competitions from 2008 to 2013.
The content analysis results indicated that the major dimensions of food specialties are the sensory, utility, and symbolic dimensions. Within these three dimensions, 15 attributes were identified. The findings of this study can provide useful information for destination marketers and hospitality businesses when developing gastronomic products and evaluating and improving existing food specialties.
Abstract Background Alcohol intake is inconsistently associated with the risk of stroke morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence regarding this relationship by ...using a dose–response meta-analytic approach. Methods We performed electronic searches of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant prospective studies. Only prospective studies that reported effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of stroke morbidity and mortality for more than 2 categories of alcohol intake were included. Results We included 27 prospective studies reporting data on 1,425,513 individuals. Low alcohol intake was associated with a reduced risk of total stroke (risk ratio RR, 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75–0.95; P = 0.005), ischemic stroke (RR, 0.81; 95% CI: 0.74–0.90; P < 0.001), and stroke mortality (RR, 0.67; 95% CI: 0.53–0.85; P = 0.001), but it had no significant effect on hemorrhagic stroke. Moderate alcohol intake had little or no effect on the risks of total stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and stroke mortality. Heavy alcohol intake was associated with an increased risk of total stroke (RR, 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01–1.43; P = 0.034), but it had no significant effect on hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and stroke mortality. Conclusions Low alcohol intake is associated with a reduced risk of stroke morbidity and mortality, whereas heavy alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of total stroke. The association between alcohol intake and stroke morbidity and mortality is J-shaped.
To investigate the effect of reduced early-pregnancy activated partial thrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and international standardized ratio (INR) on the risk of preeclampsia. A total of ...8549 pregnant women with singleton births were included. Early pregnancy APTT, PT, and INR levels, with age, birth, prepregnancy body mass index, fibrinogen (FBG), thrombin time (TT), D-dimer (DD2), antithrombin III (ATIII), fibrin degradation products (FDP) as confounders, generalized linear model of APTT, the relative risk of PT and INR when INR reduction. After adequate adjustment for confounders, the relative risk of preeclampsia was 0.703 for every 1 s increase in plasma PT results in early pregnancy, and for every 0.1 increase in plasma INR results, the relative risk of preeclampsia was 0.767. With a PT less than the P25 quantile (<11 s), the relative risk of preeclampsia was 1.328. The relative risk of preeclampsia at an INR less than the P25 quantile (<0.92) was 1.24. There was no statistical association between APTT on the risk of preeclampsia. The relative risk of preeclampsia is strongly associated with a decrease in PT and INR in early pregnancy. PT and INR in early pregnancy were a potential marker in the risk stratification of preeclampsia. Focusing on reduced PT and INR levels in early pregnancy can help to identify early pregnancies at risk for preeclampsia.
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