The effect of bimaxillary orthognathic surgery on facial mimicry was assessed longitudinally in 15 patients with dentoskeletal class III facial dysmorphism (seven men, eight women, mean age 28 ...years). The patients were analysed pre-surgery and at 6, 12, and 24 months post-surgery while performing verbal (five vowels) and non-verbal (open and closed mouth smile, lip purse) soft tissue facial movements. The three-dimensional motions of right and left nasogenian, crista philtri, cheilion, and lower lip landmarks were detected by an optoelectronic instrument, and a total mobility index was obtained. Differences between the sides were quantified by the symmetry index. Patient values were compared to those collected previously from healthy volunteers by computing z-scores. On average, no significant differences were found in the mobility of the buccal soft tissues at 24 months after surgery (ANOVA P-value, range 0.075–0.808), with positive median z-scores (pooled mean value close to 0.6). Symmetry indices ranged around the control reference values, showing no stage-related differences (Friedman test P-value, range 0.252–0.937), and exceeding 90% for all movements at 24 months after surgery. Bimaxillary osteotomy does not compromise facial mimicry in either verbal or non-verbal facial movements.
Abstract Morphological changes in the lips during ageing, including labial volume, area and thickness were assessed in healthy individuals. 40 healthy volunteers (20 men and 20 women) were selected ...and divided into two groups according to age: 21–34 years (‘youthful’ group) and 45–65 years (‘aged’ group). Three-dimensional (3D) stone labial models were made, digitized, and 3D virtual reproductions obtained. Labial thickness, vermilion area, and volume of the upper and lower lips were measured from the digital reconstructions. The data were compared using three-way ANOVA. All data were significantly larger in men than in women ( p < 0.05), the lower lip was thicker than the upper lip ( p < 0.001). A significant effect of age for labial thickness and area were found ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.014): the youthful group had higher values than the aged group. Upper to lower lip ratios were not significantly different between sexes or ages. Generally, young people have a larger lip area and thickness than aged ones and men had larger lips than women. The upper/lower lip ratios for area and volume were similar in the two genders.
The Gigatracker, the silicon beam tracker for the NA62 experiment at CERN Federici, L.; Aglieri Rinella, G.; Alvarez Feito, D. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
04/2020, Letnik:
958
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Gigatracker is the NA62 beam tracker. It is made of three 63.1mm×29.3mm stations of 300μm×300μm hybrid silicon pixel detectors installed in vacuum (∼10−6mbar). The beam particles, flowing at ...750MHz, are traced in 4-dimensions by mean of time-stamping pixels with a design resolution of 200ps. This performance has to be maintained despite the beam irradiation amounting to a yearly fluence of 2×10141MeVneq∕cm2. The detector material minimization is paramount, as the detector faces the full beam. The station material budget is reduced to 0.5%X0 by using (HEP world first) micro-channels cooling. We will describe the detector design and performances during the NA62 runs.
Abstract
The design of detectors used for experiments in high-energy
physics requires a light, stiff, and efficient cooling system with a
low material budget. The use of silicon microchannel cooling ...plates
has gained considerable interest in the last decade. In this study,
we propose the development of silicon microchannel cooling frames
studied within the framework of the major upgrade of the Inner
Tracking System (ITS) of the ALICE experiment at CERN. The
preliminary results obtained with these frames demonstrate that they
can withstand the internal pressure arising from the flow of the
coolant with a limited mass penalty.
Wafer bonding is an established technology for the manufacturing of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and microfluidic devices. Low temperature direct ...bonding techniques can be of particular interest for the fabrication of monolithic radiation sensors. Such techniques allow the joining of various absorbers on the backside of thinned CMOS circuity without intermediate layers or through vias. This paper presents a method for the electrical characterization of such bonded interfaces based on the Transient Current Technique (TCT). This method can be extended to the investigation of any type of solid-state devices.
Seven patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with a fibula free flap (one on the midline, six on either right or left side) and were rehabilitated with implant supported prostheses, ...performed free mandibular border movements (maximal mouth opening and closing, right and left lateral excursions, protrusion) that were recorded by a non-invasive motion analyser. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) kinematic parameters were compared to those calculated in healthy control subjects using z-scores. Maximum mouth opening was reduced in all patients, with z-scores ranging from -2.742 to -0.106, and performed with a reduced sagittal plane mandibular rotation. Interincisal point forward movement during protrusion was reduced in all but one patient. Lateral mandibular movements (displacement of the interincisal point) and bilateral condylar movements during mouth opening were very variable and sometimes asymmetrical. Mandibular rotation was also variable, with z-scores ranging from -1.265 to 1.388. Together with mandibular range of motion, we investigated biomechanical characteristics of TMJ motion that can provide further information about the joint without submitting the patient to harmful procedures, and that can be followed-up during healing. The investigation indicates those areas that need to be given special attention in preoperative planning, patient information and rehabilitation.
The ALFA Roman Pot detectors of ATLAS Khalek, S. Abdel; Allongue, B.; Anghinolfi, F. ...
Journal of instrumentation,
11/2016, Letnik:
11, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The ATLAS Roman Pot system is designed to determine the total proton-proton cross section as well as the luminosity at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) by measuring elastic proton scattering at very ...small angles. The system is made of four Roman Pot stations, located in the LHC tunnel in a distance of about 240 m at both sides of the ATLAS interaction point. Each station is equipped with tracking detectors, inserted in Roman Pots which approach the LHC beams vertically. The tracking detectors consist of multi-layer scintillating fibre structures read out by Multi-Anode-Photo-Multipliers.
Summary
The study investigated whether chronic TMD patients with disc displacement with reduction (DDR), performing non‐assisted maximum jaw movements, presented any changes in their mandibular ...kinematics with respect to an age‐matched control group. Moreover, it was examined whether jaw kinematics and a valid clinic measure of oro‐facial functional status have significant associations. Maximum mouth opening, mandible protrusion and bilateral laterotrusions were performed by 20 patients (18 women, 2 men; age, 18–34 years) and 20 healthy controls (17 women, 3 men; age, 20–31 years). The three‐dimensional coordinates of their mandibular interincisor and condylar reference points were recorded by means of an optoelectronic motion analyser and were used to quantitatively assess their range of motion, velocity, symmetry and synchrony. Three functional indices (opening–closing, mandibular rototranslation, laterotrusion – right and left – and protrusion) were devised to summarise subject's overall performance, and their correlation with the outcome of a clinical protocol, the oro‐facial myofunctional evaluation with scores (OMES), was investigated. TMD patients were able to reach maximum excursions of jaw movements comparable to healthy subjects’ performances. However, their opening and closing mandibular movements were characterised by remarkable asynchrony of condylar translation. They had also reduced jaw closing velocity and asymmetric laterotrusions. The functional indices proved to well summarise the global condition of jaw kinematics, highlighting the presence of alterations in TMD‐DDR patients, and were linearly correlated with the oro‐facial functional status. The jaw kinematic alterations seem to reflect both oro‐facial motor behaviour adaptation and a DDR‐related articular impairment.
In the field of detector development for High Energy Physics, the so-called Transient Current Technique (TCT) is used to characterize the electric field profile and the charge trapping inside silicon ...radiation detectors where particles or photons create electron-hole pairs in the bulk of a semiconductor device, as PiN diodes. In the standard approach, the TCT signal originates from the free carriers generated close to the surface of a silicon detector, by short pulses of light or by alpha particles. This work proposes a new principle of charge injection by means of lateral PN junctions implemented in one of the detector electrodes, called the electrical TCT (el-TCT). This technique is fully compatible with CMOS technology and therefore opens new perspectives for assessment of radiation detectors performances.
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