We present the radio luminosity function (LF) of flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ), using the the largest and most complete sample to date. Cross-matching between the FIRST 20 cm and GB6 6 cm radio ...surveys, we find 638 flat-spectrum radio sources above 220 mJy at 1.4 GHz; of these, 327 are are classified and verified using optical spectroscopy data, mainly from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12. We also considered flat-spectrum radio sources that lack both literature references and optical spectroscopy, and we identified 12 out of the 43 such sources to potentially be FSRQs, using their WISE colors. From the fully identified sample of 242 FSRQs, we derived the radio LF and cosmic evolution of blazars at 1.4 GHz, finding good agreement with previous work at 5 GHz. The number density of FSRQs increases dramatically to a redshift of z ∼ 2 and then declines for higher redshifts. Furthermore, the redshift at which the quasar density peaks is clearly dependent on luminosity, with more luminous sources peaking at higher redshifts. The approximate best-fit LF for a luminosity-dependent evolutionary model is a broken power-law with slopes ∼0.7 and ∼1.7 below and above the break luminosity, erg s−1, respectively.
Aims and objectives
To contribute the understanding of the network care provided to families involved in family violence against children and adolescents (FVACA), from the Primary Health Care (PHC) ...perspective.
Background
Children and adolescents figure among the main victims of violence around the world, which occurs predominantly in the family context. PHC‐guided network care has emerged as a new process that contrasts with traditional approaches, which rely on fragmented, punctual and compensatory actions and produce simplified and segmented interventions in response to complex phenomena like violence. The Paradigm of Complexity interacts with the network care approach and, by articulating the multiple dimensions of the research phenomenon, contributes to its understanding.
Design
Qualitative research, based on the Paradigm of Complexity.
Methods
Data were collected through minimal maps of the external institutional social network, focus groups and semi‐structured interviews held with 41 PHC professionals in Brazil. The notions of comprehension and contextualisation as well as dialogical, recursive and holographic principles from complexity theory guided the data analysis.
Results
The two thematic categories that emerged revealed reduced institutional networks, with low‐density and homogeneous bonds, which resulted in fragmented care in all stages of the care process.
Conclusions
Although the network organisation of care for the families involved in FVACA is fundamental, the construction of these networks still represents a great challenge, as it requires the joint work of a multiprofessional team.
Relevance to clinical practice
For nursing to respond to the contemporary care demands in a contemplative and pertinent manner, a perspective and a reference framework need to be developed, leading to broader and more contextualised actions, with a multidimensional approach to the families and communities of which child and adolescent victims of violence are a part.
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•Polymeric fibres loaded with In and Pt nanoparticles were obtained by electrospinning.•The prepared catalysts were active for water pollutants nitrite and nitrate reduction.•Lower ...Pd/in surface ratio prevent nitrate and nitrite over reduction improving nitrogen selectivity.
The presence of high concentrations of nitrate and nitrite ions in water sources is an actual environmental problem. Nowadays, there are several technologies for nitrate and nitrite treatment, but most of them involve the concentration of the ions which are later necessary to be decomposed in a second step. The catalytic elimination of nitrates and nitrites from water is a very promising method because the ions are transformed into the harmless N2(g). Two types of synthetic polymeric fibers were proposed as supports of palladium and indium catalytic species with low metallic loading (Pd:In = 1:0.25 wt.%). They were synthesized by electrospinning method with a Pd/In weight ratio 1:0.25. PdInDA catalyst was prepared by dissolving poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with a mixture of acetone/dimethylformamide, whereas the polymer (PMMA) was dissolved in pure dimethylformamide for the synthesis of PdD and PdInD catalysts. Both bimetallic solids gave rise to good selectivity to N2(g). However, the PdInDA reached middle nitrate conversions (around 50 %) with low ammonia production (under 0.1Nppm). The characterization results suggested that the active sites remained unchanged after the reaction. This proposal involves a green chemical method with low consumption of reactants and producing a small quantity of waste.
Sodium glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors have attracted the interest of the scientific community following the results from dedicated cardiovascular outcome trials, which demonstrated remarkable ...reduction in all‐cause mortality and other cardiovascular (CV) endpoints with empagliflozin and canagliflozin. These impressive results raised further expectations on real world data from large observational cohort studies. They were designed to address the possible existence of a class effect, and the uncertainty on whether this benefit can be extended from secondary to primary CV prevention of patients with type 2 diabetes. In this review, we collated data from existing observational studies (including the celebrated CVD‐REAL cohorts) and critically appraised results and methodological issues with the aim of providing clinical insight, including unsettled aspects, and proposing a research agenda for future investigations.
GIS-based deterministic models may be used for landslide susceptibility mapping over large areas. However, such efforts require specific strategies to (i) keep computing time at an acceptable level, ...and (ii) parameterize the geotechnical data. We test and optimize the performance of the GIS-based, 3-D slope stability model r.slope.stability in terms of computing time and model results. The model was developed as a C- and Python-based raster module of the open source software GRASS GIS and considers the 3-D geometry of the sliding surface. It calculates the factor of safety (FoS) and the probability of slope failure (Pf) for a number of randomly selected potential slip surfaces, ellipsoidal or truncated in shape. Model input consists of a digital elevation model (DEM), ranges of geotechnical parameter values derived from laboratory tests, and a range of possible soil depths estimated in the field. Probability density functions are exploited to assign Pf to each ellipsoid. The model calculates for each pixel multiple values of FoS and Pf corresponding to different sliding surfaces. The minimum value of FoS and the maximum value of Pf for each pixel give an estimate of the landslide susceptibility in the study area. Optionally, r.slope.stability is able to split the study area into a defined number of tiles, allowing parallel processing of the model on the given area. Focusing on shallow landslides, we show how multi-core processing makes it possible to reduce computing times by a factor larger than 20 in the study area. We further demonstrate how the number of random slip surfaces and the sampling of parameters influence the average value of Pf and the capacity of r.slope.stability to predict the observed patterns of shallow landslides in the 89.5 km2 Collazzone area in Umbria, central Italy.
This study performed a yield gap analysis to help farmers understand whether their constraints were mainly due to nutritional factors or management and health issues. Twenty-nine farms were ...periodically evaluated. Milk yield (MY), dry matter intake (DMI), total mixed ration (TMR) composition and homogeneity index (HI), TMR digestibility, income over feed cost (IOFC), and MY summer-winter ratio (SWR) were collected. Farms were divided and compared according to the average annual MY: Low (L), Medium (M) and High (H), characterised by <31.1, 31.1-36.7 and >36.7 kg/head/day. An ANOVA mixed model and a stepwise regression to assess the relationship between nutritional variables and MY were run. H farms showed higher IOFC (
< 0.001), DMI (
= 0.006), DDM (
< 0.001), digestible crude protein (DCP,
= 0.019), HI (
= 0.09), SWR (
= 0.041) and lower HI coefficient of variation (
= 0.04). The conversion of DDM into milk was higher in H and M farms. Stepwise regression for MY selected DDM and CP (R
= 0.716,
< 0.05). M farms were mainly constrained by nutritional factors, whereas L farms were also affected by other factors such as those related to management and health.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Porous boron nitride (BN) is structurally analogous to activated carbon. This material is gaining increasing attention for its potential in a range of adsorption and chemical separation applications, ...with a number of recent proof-of-concept studies on the removal of organics from water. Today though, the properties of porous BN-i.e., surface area, pore network, chemistry-that dictate adsorption of specific organics remain vastly unknown. Yet, they will need to be optimized to realize the full potential of the material in the envisioned applications. Here, a selection of porous BN materials with varied pore structures and chemistries were studied for the adsorption of different organic molecules, either directly, through vapor sorption analyses or as part of a water/organic mixture in the liquid phase. These separations are relevant to the industrial and environmental sectors and are envisioned to take advantage of the hydrophobic character of the BN sheets. The materials were tested and regenerated and their physical and chemical features were characterized before and after testing. This study allowed identifying the adsorption mechanisms, assessing the performance of porous BN compared to benchmarks in the field and outlining ways to improve the adsorption performance further.
Analyzer‐free linear dichroic ptychography Chang, Huibin; Marcus, Matthew A.; Marchesini, Stefano
Journal of applied crystallography,
October 2020, 2020-10-01, 20201001, Letnik:
53, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Linear dichroism is an important tool to characterize the transmission matrix and determine the crystal or orbital orientation in a material. In order to achieve high‐resolution mapping of ...transmission properties, the linear‐dichroism scattering model in ptychographic imaging is introduced, and an efficient two‐stage reconstruction algorithm is developed. Using the proposed algorithm on a uniaxial material, the dichroic transmission matrix can be recovered without an analyzer by using ptychography measurements with as few as three different polarization angles, with the help of an empty region to remove phase ambiguities.
To characterize the transmission matrix and determine the crystal or orbital orientation in a material with high‐resolution mapping of transmission properties, the linear‐dichroism scattering model in ptychographic imaging is introduced. Via the proposed efficient two‐stage reconstruction algorithm, the dichroic transmission matrix can be recovered without an analyzer by using ptychography measurements with as few as three different polarization angles.
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