HYDRATION - A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE Marin-Ştefan, Gabriela; Horhocea (Ştefan), Mihaela; Horhocea, Daniel ...
Jurnalul medical braşovean,
01/2022
1
Journal Article
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using 175 subjects from Brasov (Romania), divided into two groups: sedentary group and athletes. Results: Based on the responses of the ...study participants, it was observed that water is the most consumed liquid by them. The participants of the two groups felt the need to consume more water during the study and physical effort. Key-words hydration status, thirst, water, dehydration, physical activity Cuvinte cheie: statusul hidric, sete, apǎ, deshidratare, activitate fizicǎ Introducere Apa are multe roluri în organismul uman.
OXIDATIVE STRESS BENEFITS ON HUMAN HEALTH Horhocea (Ştefan), Mihaela; Horhocea, Daniel; Marin-Ştefan, Gabriela ...
Jurnalul medical braşovean,
01/2022
1
Journal Article
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive species and the body's antioxidant defense capacity. Objective/Aims: The purpose of this article is to highlight both the ...beneficial effects of oxidative stress and the risks of excessive consumption of substances with antioxidant capacity Materials and Methods: Results: Free radicals alter the essential functions of cells, causing: inactivation of cellular enzymes and receptors, changes in cell permeability. If not neutralized, oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is the main subject for many studies, many of them based on the negative effects it produces in the body, both at the molecular and cellular level, so the positive effects are ignored.
Introduction: Water has many functions in the human body. Hydration is under homeostatic control, through mechanisms that modify the elimination pathways, stimulating the appearance of the sensation ...of thirst. Dehydration is not a medical condition, but it is a common cause of death. Dehydration occurs when a person loses enough fluid, so the body no longer has enough fluid to perform its normal functions. Objective: This paper aims to highlight the level of knowledge about the importance of hydration in maintaining health. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using 175 subjects from Brasov (Romania), divided into two groups: sedentary group and athletes. The recruitment was thought for a determined period of time in a prospective way. It was administered questionnaires regarding the problem of correct hydration (adapted from the Plant LIBRA-245199 project and Beverage intake questionnaire -BEVQ). Results: Based on the responses of the study participants, it was observed that water is the most consumed liquid by them. The participants of the two groups felt the need to consume more water during the study and physical effort. Volunteers felt sleepier during the day if they don't drink enough fluids. Conclusion: It was observed that proper hydration reduces fatigue and creates a feeling of well-being. Water is the most consumed liquid by volunteers in both groups. Rezumat Introducere: Apa are multe roluri în organismal uman. Hidratarea se află sub control homeostatic, prin mecanisme care modifică căile de eliminare, stimulând astfel apariția senzației de sete. Corpul are nevoie de apă pentru a supaviețui și pentru a avea o bună funcționare. Deshidratarea nu este o boală, însă reprezintă o cauză frecventă de deces. Deshidratarea se instalează atunci când o persoană pierde o cantitate considerabilă de lichide, astfel încât organismul nu mai are suficiente fluide pentru a-și îndeplini funcțiile normale. Obiectiv principal al studiului: Lucrarea își propune evidențierea nivelului de cunoaștere despre importanța hidratării în menținerea sănătății ale voluntarilor participanți la studiu. Material și metodă: Studiu realizat este de tip transversal, folosind 175 de subiecți din Brașov (România), împărțiți în două loturi: sedentari și sportivi. S-au administrat chestionare privind problematica hidratării corecte (adaptat din proiectul Plant LIBRA-245199 și Beverage intake questionnaire -BEVQ). Rezultate: Pe baza răspunsurilor participanților la studiu, s-a observat că apa este cel mai consumat lichid de către aceștia. Voluntarii s-au simțit mai somnolenți în timpul zilei dacă nu au băut suficiente lichide. Concluzii: S-a observat că o hidratare adecvată reduce oboseala și creează o stare de bine. Apa este cel mai consumat lichid de către participanții din ambele grupuri.
Introduction. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive species and the body's antioxidant defense capacity. It is involved in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases such as ...diabetes, and neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Objective/Aims: The purpose of this article is to highlight both the beneficial effects of oxidative stress and the risks of excessive consumption of substances with antioxidant capacity Materials and Methods: Results: Free radicals alter the essential functions of cells, causing: inactivation of cellular enzymes and receptors, changes in cell permeability. If not neutralized, oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is the main subject of many studies, many of them based on the negative effects it produces in the body, both at the molecular and cellular levels, so the positive effects are ignored. Rezumat Introducere: Stresul oxidativ reprezintă un dezechilibru între producția de specii reactive și capacitatea de apărare antioxidantă a organismului. Acesta este implicat în etiopatogenia multor afecțiuni cum ar fi diabetul zaharat, bolile neurologice, cardiovasculare. Obiectiv principal al studiului: Scopul acestui articol este de a evidenția atât efectele benefice ale stresului oxidativ, cât și riscurile consumului în exces a substanțelor cu capacitate antioxidantă Material și metodă: Rezultate: Radicalii liberi modifică funcțiile esențiale ale celulelor determinând: inactivarea enzimelor și a receptorilor celulari, modificări ale permeabilității celulare. Dacă nu este neutralizat, stresul oxidativ determină peroxidarea lipidelor, oxidarea ADN-ului. Concluzii: Stresul oxidativ este subiectul principal pentru multe studii, multe dintre ele bazându-se pe efectele negative pe care le produce în organism, atât la nivel molecular cât și la nivel celular, astfel efectele pozitive sunt ignorate.
Poor air quality inside museums is one of the main causes influencing the state of conservation of exhibits. Even if they are mostly placed in a controlled environment because of their construction ...materials, the exhibits can be very vulnerable to the influence of the internal microclimate. As a consequence, museum exhibits must be protected from potential negative effects. In order to prevent and stop the process of damage of the exhibits, monitoring the main parameters of the microclimate (especially temperature, humidity, and brightness) and keeping them in strict values is extremely important. The present study refers to the investigations and analysis of air quality inside a museum, located in a heritage building, from Romania. The paper focuses on monitoring and analysing temperature of air and walls, relative humidity (RH), CO2, brightness and particulate matters (PM), formaldehyde (HCHO), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC). The monitoring was carried out in the Summer–Autumn 2020 Campaign, in two different exhibition areas (first floor and basement) and the main warehouse where the exhibits are kept and restored. The analyses aimed both at highlighting the hazard induced by the poor air quality inside the museum that the exhibits face. The results show that this environment is potentially harmful to both exposed items and people. Therefore, the number of days in which the ideal conditions in terms of temperature and RH are met are quite few, the concentration of suspended particles, formaldehyde, and total volatile organic compounds often exceed the limit allowed by the international standards in force. The results represent the basis for the development and implementation of strategies for long-term conservation of exhibits and to ensure a clean environment for employees, restorers, and visitors.
How to best use tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of BCR-ABL after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is unknown but will ...almost certainly not be addressed by a definitive randomized trial. Saini and colleagues provide a large body of observational data to reinforce earlier circumstantial evidence favoring prophylactic use of TKIs for at least 2 years posttransplant.
Steroids remain the initial therapy for acute graft-vs.-host disease (AGVHD). Strategies to improve response and minimize steroid exposure are needed. We report results of a randomized, adaptive, ...Bayesian-designed, phase II trial of prednisone with or without extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) as an initial therapy for patients with newly diagnosed AGVHD. The primary endpoint was success at day 56 defined as: alive, in remission, achieving AGVHD response without additional therapy, and on <1 mg/kg at day 28 and <0.5 mg/kg on day 56 of steroids. Eighty-one patients were randomized to the ECP arm (n = 51) or steroids alone (n = 30). Median age was 54 years (range: 17-75); 90% had grade II AGVHD and 10% had grades III and IV AGVHD, with skin (85%), upper (22%)/lower (22%) gastrointestinal, and liver (10%) involvement. The ECP arm had a higher probability of success (0.815) and exceeded the predefined threshold for determining the investigational arm promising. ECP was potentially more beneficial than steroids-alone in skin-only AGVHD (response rate: 72% vs. 57%, respectively) than for visceral-organ AGVHD (47% vs. 43%, respectively). The addition of ECP to steroids may result in higher GVHD response as initial therapy for AGVHD, especially for patients with skin-only involvement.
T cells expressing antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) improve outcomes for CD19-expressing B cell malignancies. We evaluated a human application of T cells that were genetically ...modified using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon/transposase system to express a CD19-specific CAR.
T cells were genetically modified using DNA plasmids from the SB platform to stably express a second-generation CD19-specific CAR and selectively propagated ex vivo with activating and propagating cells (AaPCs) and cytokines. Twenty-six patients with advanced non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia safely underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and infusion of CAR T cells as adjuvant therapy in the autologous (n = 7) or allogeneic settings (n = 19).
SB-mediated genetic transposition and stimulation resulted in 2,200- to 2,500-fold ex vivo expansion of genetically modified T cells, with 84% CAR expression, and without integration hotspots. Following autologous HSCT, the 30-month progression-free and overall survivals were 83% and 100%, respectively. After allogeneic HSCT, the respective 12-month rates were 53% and 63%. No acute or late toxicities and no exacerbation of graft-versus-host disease were observed. Despite a low antigen burden and unsupportive recipient cytokine environment, CAR T cells persisted for an average of 201 days for autologous recipients and 51 days for allogeneic recipients.
CD19-specific CAR T cells generated with SB and AaPC platforms were safe, and may provide additional cancer control as planned infusions after HSCT. These results support further clinical development of this nonviral gene therapy approach.
Autologous, NCT00968760; allogeneic, NCT01497184; long-term follow-up, NCT01492036.
National Cancer Institute, private foundations, and institutional funds. Please see Acknowledgments for details.
The Central Balkans are a key biogeographical region in Southern Europe, influenced by a central European-Mediterranean climate, which acted as a refugium for flora and fauna, and favored the ...dispersion of Neanderthals and migration of modern human populations during Late Glacial Period. This study presents pollen analyses of sediment and hyaena coprolites from Pešturina Cave in Serbia to reconstruct the vegetation landscapes faced by Balkan Neanderthals and early Anatomically Modern Humans between MIS 5e-3. Between MIS 5e-5c (archaeological layers 4c and 4b) and MIS 5b-5a (layer 4a), semi-forested environments prevailed, characterized by Pinus, deciduous Quercus, Tilia and other angiosperm woody taxa, accompanied by heliophytes such as Artemisia and Poaceae. During MIS 4-3 (layers 3-2), the vegetation was dominated by Artemisia-Poaceae steppes with Quercus patches, conifers and legumes. Overall across the sequence, pollen assemblages are highly diverse and include a number of deciduous trees and sclerophylls. In addition, the occurrence of several herbaceous taxa reinforces the view that the Balkans were outstanding for endemicity. Neanderthals and early Upper Palaeolithic hominins lived in a highly diverse refugium, offering multiple opportunities for survival during the warm interstadials and, more critically, the cold stadials of the Pleistocene.
•Pešturina Cave in southern Serbia is dated from MIS 5e to MIS 3.•Palynological study of sediment and hyaena coprolites reconstruct the vegetation landscapes.•The Late Pleistocene vegetation around Pešturina Cave was a mosaic of different landscapes.•The vegetation of the Balkan Neanderthals included high plant diversity.
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