The COVID-19 virus was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan (China), and as early as January 2020, the World Health Organization expressed its concern and shortly afterwards officially declared ...a pandemic globally. This pandemic has brought the world economy, way of life, culture and migration to a state we have never encountered before. All countries within the European Union have at one time greatly restricted or banned entry and exit from their borders. Population movements and migration, like the economy, are most affected by this pandemic. Before the pandemic, the countries of the European Union had cultivated freedom of movement within their member states, but they were suddenly forced to impose severe restrictions and controls on their borders that prevented daily migrations of the population. The measures adopted varied from country to country, depending on the assessment of experts within them and on the number of those infected and the current epidemiological situation. Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, migrations, European Union, Corona virus.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper presents research results concerning the (re)-construction of the ethnic / national identities of particular minority communities in the Republic of Croatia, as shaped by fluctuations in ...the social and historical context (over the period when Croatia was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, thereafter in the periods of democratic transformation, the Homeland War, and the independent Republic of Croatia). We take a multi-method approach, on the one hand exploring the official categorization and classification of national minorities within the Constitution of the FRY and the Constitution of the RC, whilst also examining theoretical and conceptual explanations and their implementation in defining identity. The empirical part includes in-depth interviews with members of different ethnic minority communities living across the territory of present-day Croatia. The paper emphasizes how certain institutional classificatory schemes or historical moments may be imposed or lead to volatility as concerns the strategies, positions and roles of certain minority communities. In addition to the official definition and institutionalized classificatory schemes that are directly attributed to the specific identity characteristics of each group, social identities can be the result of free choice, coercion, strategy games played by individuals / members of certain groups themselves or resources mobilized in order to achieve political or economic goals. Through considering these two approaches to the analysis of national minority identities in present-day Croatia, we elaborate not only the procedural and dynamic character of identity but also its variable and situational nature.
Prvi svjetski rat i događaji koji su uslijedili tijekom i nakon rata imali su snažan utjecaj na kolektivne identifikacije iseljenika. Nacionalno samoodređenje Hrvata unutar ili izvan Monarhije, na ...trijalističkoj osnovi s Austro-Ugarskom ili u zajednici s južnoslavenskim narodima, nametale su se kao dominantne nacionalne ideologije u domovini. Takva politička situacija preslikavala se i među iseljeničkim zajednicama u Čileu i Argentini. Događaj poput Prvoga svjetskog rata mijenja kolektivne identifikacije i strategije hrvatskih iseljenika u Čileu i Argentini, a putem iseljeničkog tiska i iseljeničkih društava propagira se nova nacionalna definicija i južnoslavenska koncepcija buduće države te se osniva iseljenički pokret Jugoslavenska narodna obrana (JNO) u Južnoj Americi. Koristeći iseljenički tisak kao izvor u svrhu pronalaženja dominantnih diskursa u oblikovanju kolektivne svijesti iseljenika, u radu nastojimo odgovoriti na pitanja kako su događaji u domovini, prije svega Prvi svjetski rat, utjecali na kolektivne identifikacije iseljenika u Čileu i Argentini, te analiziramo faktore koji su doprinijeli snažnim odobravanjem i participacijom iseljenika u Čileu u iseljeničkom pokretu JNO-a (za razliku od iseljenika u Argentini) kao i njihovu ulogu u stvaranju buduće Kraljevine SHS / Jugoslavije.
New technologies and high-speed Internet have enabled great flexibility in work. A digital nomad is simultaneously independent and lives and works in several places! A digital nomad is an ...entrepreneur or employee who almost exclusively uses digital technologies for his business activity. Croatia has caught up with the global trend of regulating the status of digital nomads and ranks highly in the rankings of destinations desirable for digital nomads. Since January 2021, when the visa program for digital nomads was introduced, a total of 2,560 applications have been received and a total of 1,038 have been approved. Croatia is one of the first EU members to regulate one-year residence and strategically develop the offer of the interesting economic and tourism sector. Digital nomads are excellent potential tourism ambassadors since they often migrate and have rich experience of staying in other countries. In a survey, the majority of respondents confirmed that Croatia is the preferred destination for digital nomads. The aim of this paper is to confirm the potential of digital nomads. The scientific contribution is manifested in the detection of the benefits of the further development of digital nomads as a profession of the future.
Migrations are a worldwide phenomenon occurring for centuries and an ongoing topic among numerous researchers. As such, global migrations have an impact on the labour market and the economy, Croatia ...being no exception. A dynamic history of migrations resulted in Croatia being labelled as a traditional emigration country. With the global financial crisis in 2008, an increasing number of active-labour population is migrating from Croatia to, mainly, developed European countries. After Croatia’s accession to the European Union in 2013, a new market and new opportunities opened up for job seekers. In a time when more and more individuals are emigrating and a continuous need for active labour population is emerging, the question of the scale of migrations is raised. The article investigates how wages and unemployment influenced migrations in Croatia between 2007 and 2016. The data was tested using a multiple regression model and additionally confirmed by the MAPE. The obtained results confirm the significance of the model and its parameters.
Hrvatska dijaspora putem novih komunikacijskih sredstava interneta kreira novi oblik društvenosti – etničko okupljanje, komunikaciju i interakciju u virtualnom prostoru. Na taj se način generira novi ...oblik društvenih zajednica i kolektivnih identiteta, tzv. virtualne dijasporske zajednice i virtualni dijasporski identiteti. U ovom radu za istraživanje identiteta hrvatskih virtualnih društvenih zajednica (HVDZ) izabrali smo popularnu društvenu mrežu Facebook te smo putem tražilice selektirali zajednice koje se svrstavaju u kategoriju Hrvati u Čileu ili Hrvati u Argentini. Proveli smo terensko online istraživanje sa sudjelovanjem radi prikupljanja podataka o HVDZ u Čileu i Argentini na više lokacija unutar kiberprostora (društvene mreže). Odabrana je etnografska metoda (proučavanje ponašanja online zajednica i kultura gdje smo istovremeno bili članovi zajednice, ali i istraživači) i kvalitativno-interpretativni pristup u obradi, odnosno analizi podataka. S pozicije istraživača i sudionika unutar zajednica opredijelili smo se za opis simboličkih dimenzija kulturnih praksi HVDZ. Prikazali smo povezanost offline i online prostora kao i vidljivost i dinamiku translokalnih i transnacionalnih veza HVDZ koje su postale dostupne i svakodnevne kroz računalno posredovanu komunikaciju
ABSTRACT IN CROATIAN: Hrvatska dijaspora putem novih komunikacijskih sredstava interneta kreira novi oblik drustvenosti - etnicko okupljanje, komunikaciju i interakciju u virtualnom prostoru. Na taj ...se nacin generira novi oblik drustvenih zajednica i kolektivnih identiteta, tzv. virtualne dijasporske zajednice i virtualni dijasporski identiteti. U ovom radu za istrazivanje identiteta hrvatskih virtualnih drustvenih zajednica (HVDZ) izabrali smo popularnu drustvenu mrezu Facebook te smo putem trazilice selektirali zajednice koje se svrstavaju u kategoriju Hrvati u Cileu ili Hrvati u Argentini. Proveli smo terensko online istrazivanje sa sudjelovanjem radi prikupljanja podataka o HVDZ u Cileu i Argentini na vise lokacija unutar kiberprostora (drustvene mreze). Odabrana je etnografska metoda (proucavanje ponasanja online zajednica i kultura gdje smo istovremeno bili clanovi zajednice, ali i istrazivaci) i kvalitativno-interpretativni pristup u obradi, odnosno analizi podataka. S pozicije istrazivaca i sudionika unutar zajednica opredijelili smo se za opis simbolickih dimenzija kulturnih praksi HVDZ. Prikazali smo povezanost offline i online prostora kao i vidljivost i dinamiku translokalnih i transnacionalnih veza HVDZ koje su postale dostupne i svakodnevne kroz racunalno posredovanu komunikaciju. // ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The Croatian diaspora have created a new form of sociability - ethnic gathering, communication and interaction in virtual space - using the new communication tools of the internet. In this way, they have produced new forms of social communities and collective identity - the so called virtual diaspora communities and virtual diaspora identities. In this paper a popular social network - Facebook - was chosen to explore the identity of HVSN, (Croatian virtual social network) via a search engine tool selecting the communities classified in the following categories: Croatians in Chile/Croatians in Argentina. We conducted online field research with participation as to to collect data on HVDZ in Chile and Argentina in multiple locations within cyberspace (social networks). The netographic method (the study of the behavior of online communities and cultures where we are both members of the community and researchers) was chosen, alongside a qualitative-interpretative approach in processing/data analysis. From the position of being both a researcher and participant within the community, we selected a description of the symbolic dimension of the cultural practices of the HVDZ. The connection between offline and on-line space was outlined where the real life of the emigrant/diaspora community becomes public in virtual space. as well as the dynamics of translocal and transnational HVDZ practices that became available and, on a daily basis through the computer-based communication, also become visible.
U radu se izlažu rezultati istraživanja (re)konstrukcije etničkih/nacionalnih identiteta pojedinih manjinskih zajednica u Republici Hrvatskoj uvjetovanih promjenama društveno-povijesnog konteksta (u ...razdoblju kad se Hrvatska nalazila u sastavu SFRJ, potom u razdoblju demokratskih promjena, Domovinskog rata, i samostalne RH). Koristi se kvalitativni pristup koji s jedne strane uključuje propitivanje službenog kategoriziranja i klasificiranja nacionalnih manjinskih zajednica unutar Ustava SFRJ i Ustava RH, teorijsko-pojmovnih objašnjenja i njihovoj implementaciji u definiranju identiteta, te empirijski dio koji obuhvaća dubinske intervjue maksimalne varijacije s pripadnicima različitih nacionalnih manjinskih zajednica koji žive na širem području RH. Naglašava se kako određene institucionalizirane klasifikacijske sheme ili povijesni trenutak mogu nametnuti ili dovesti do promjenjivosti strategija, položaja i uloge određenih manjinskih zajednica. Osim službenih definicija i institucionaliziranih klasifikacijskih shema kojima se neposredno pripisuju određena identitetska svojstva pojedinoj grupi, društveni identiteti mogu biti i rezultat slobodnog izbora, prinude, strategijske igre samih pojedinaca/članova određene grupe ili resurs podložan mobilizaciji u ostvarivanju političkih ili ekonomskih ciljeva. Kroz ova dva pristupa analizi identiteta nacionalnih manjinskih zajednica u RH pojašnjavamo ne samo procesualni i dinamični karakter identiteta nego i njegovu promjenjivu i situacijsku prirodu.
Ovaj rad prikazuje djelovanje Podravke na globalnim tržištima, s posebnim naglaskom na ekonomiju manjinskih etničkih zajednica. Tvrtka broji značajne poslovne uspjehe u brojnim zemljama diljem ...svijeta, a razlog tome je pomno osmišljeno poslovanje na domaćem i inozemnom tržištu, ali i činjenica što diljem svijeta žive i djeluju hrvatski iseljenici i njihovi potomci. Mnogi od njih dio su upravo manjinske etničke ekonomije. Uvidom u poslovne rezultate utvrđeno je da Podravka uspješno izgrađuje svoj položaj na globalnom tržištu, pa tako i u zemljama s izraženim ekonomijama manjinskih etničkih zajednica. Zahvaljujući uspješnom poslovnom balansu radi kojeg opstaje i širi se na globalnom svjetskom tržištu, tvrtka je u pandemijskoj 2020. i 2021. godini zabilježila rast proizvodnje i prihoda, naročito na tržištima s izraženim udjelom manjinskih etničkih ekonomija.
WWI and the events that ensued during and after the war had a strong impact on the immigrants’ collective identity. National self-determination of Croats in or outside of the Monarchy, on the ...trilateral foundation with The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy or in the association with the South Slavic nations, imposed themselves as the dominant national ideology in the homeland. The same political situation was also evident among the immigrant communities in Chile and Argentina. Events such as WWI changed the collective identity and strategies of the Croatian emigrants in Chile and Argentina, whereby a new national definition and South Slavic concept of a future state was promoted by the immigration press and emigrant associations. Consequently, the immigrant movement Yugoslav People’s Defence (JNO) in South America was established. Using the emigrant press as a source, in order to find the dominant discourse in shaping migrants’ collective consciousness, in this paper we are trying to answer the questions of how the events in the homeland, WWI in particular, had affected the collective identity of immigrants in Chile and Argentina. The article analyzes the factors that contributed to the strong support and participation of immigrants in the Chile emigrant movement JNO (as opposed to immigrants in Argentina) as well as their role in creating the future state of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/Yugoslavia (SHS/Jugoslavija).
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