The Silicon Pixel Detector (SPD) constitutes the two innermost layers of the Inner Tracking System of the ALICE experiment and it is the closest detector to the interaction point. As a vertex ...detector, it has the unique feature of generating a trigger signal that contributes to the L0 trigger of the ALICE experiment. The SPD started collecting data since the very first pp collisions at LHC in 2009 and since then it has taken part in all pp, Pb-Pb and p-Pb data taking campaigns. This contribution will present the main features of the SPD, the detector performance and the operational experience, including calibration and optimization activities from Run 1 to Run 2.
Gamma-ray spectroscopy and dosimetry are complementary techniques used to locate and identify radioactive sources containing gamma-ray-emitting radioisotopes. Gamma-ray spectroscopy is extensively ...studied for various applications across multiple fields, including homeland security, environmental radioactivity monitoring, tackling illegal trade of radioiso-topes, and medical sciences.
Introducing our newly established startup, Flying DEMon s.r.l., comprised of young researchers, academic professors, and backed by university support. Our venture aims to advance project development, leveraging the grant awarded through the E-TEC2 contest initiated by ENAC. The team will showcase their comprehensive work plan, highlighting the project’s competitiveness and self-sustaining potential.
The objective of our startup is to harness cutting-edge technologies in the field of gamma spectroscopy and dosimetry, adaptable for deployment via Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). This innovation holds significant promise for environmental monitoring, facilitating tasks such as pinpointing widespread radioactive sources or identifying concealed and hard-to-reach nuclear waste. Additionally, this advancement holds potential for applications in military, security, and industrial oversight.
Our research focus primarily revolves around real-time and rapid gamma-ray analysis in open-field environments. Our group not only supports the core project objectives but also enables its applicability in diverse and non-traditional sectors, such as Agritech.
Gamma-ray spectroscopy and gamma-ray imaging are two complementary techniques used for the localization and the identification of radioactive sources containing gamma-ray emitting radioisotopes. The ...radioactivity monitoring is focused on the detection of both artificial and environmental radioactive sources like Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM). This kind of contamination becomes dangerous when the detection of the unwanted substances exhibits a concentration significantly above the environmental radioactive background radiation levels. For this purpose, we have developed, tested and shown a High Efficiency fast-Response GAmma (HERGA) detector useful for the identification of radionuclides and for gamma-ray imaging. A first version of the gamma detector prototype was composed of 16 CsI(Tl) scintillating crystals of 3x3x10 cm3 size, arranged in 4x4 matrix coupled with standard Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). An image reconstruction of a radioactive gamma emitter source is possible using the coded mask technique, in which a 7x7 mask, made of Plastic and Tungsten tiles, is placed in front of the detector and a pattern recognition algorithm based on classical statistical methods (Kolmogorov Smirnov) is used to reconstruct the source position. The measurements carried out showed a point spread function (PSF) of a few mrad for pointlike sources. The Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) was also determined in the case of pointlike radioactive sources. In this contribution we will present an update of the HERGA detector prototype in which Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are used in place of the PMTs. SiPMs provide similar or even better performance compared to the standard PMT sand provide benefits in terms of lower power consumption and reduced cost and compactness. The advantages of the SiPM technology are also characterized by the robustness of the photosensor that makes the new prototype compact, portable, ideal for in-situ and real-time. We will show a comparison between the results obtained with the newest SiPM read-out technology with respect to those obtained with the PMT one, in terms of energy and spatial resolution. The imaging performance is also in phase of testing in order to localize extended radioactive sources such as for example
NORM samples or to detect inaccessible or hidden nuclear waste.
Performance of the ALICE SPD cooling system Francescon, A; Rinella, G Aglieri; Altini, V ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
01/2012, Letnik:
395, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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The new generation of silicon detectors for particle physics requires very reduced mass and high resistance to radiations with very limited access to the detector for maintenance. The Silicon Pixel ...Detector (SPD) is one of the 18 detectors of the ALICE (A Large Io Collider Experiment) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It constitute the two innermost layers of the Inner Tracking System (ITS) and it is the closest detector to th interaction point. An evaporative cooling system, based on C4F10 evaporation at 1.9 bar, was chosen to extrac the 1.35 kW power dissipated by the on-detector electronics. The whole system wa extensively tested and commissioned before its installation inside the ALICE experimenta area. Since then we had to deal with a decrease of the flow in some lines of the system tha imposed severe restrictions on the detector operation. Recently, a test bench has been built in order to carry out a series of tests to reproduce the misbehaviour of the system and investigat proper actions to cure the problem. The performance of the systems and the most interesting results of the above mentioned test will be presented.
The anomalies observed at RHIC for the baryon — meson ratios have prompted a number of theoretical works on the nature of the hadrochemistry in the hadronisation stage of the pp collisions and in the ...evolution of the dense system formed in heavy ion collisions. Although the predictions differ in the theoretical approach, generally a substantial increase in the baryon production is predicted in the range 10–30 GeV/c. We will present the possibilities of a gas ring imaging Cherenkov detector of limited acceptance which would be able to identify track-by-track protons until 24 GeV/c for the ALICE experiment.
The Silicon Pixel Detector (SPD) constitutes the two innermost layers of the Inner Tracking System of the ALICE experiment and it is the closest detector to the interaction point. As a vertex ...detector, it has the unique feature of generating a trigger signal that contributes to the L0 trigger of the ALICE experiment. The SPD started collecting data since the very first pp collisions at LHC in 2009 and since then it has taken part in all pp, Pb-Pb and p-Pb data taking campaigns. This contribution will present the main features of the SPD, the detector performance and the operational experience, including calibration and optimization activities from Run 1 to Run 2.
Background: Many studies have affirmed that only patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >10 ng/ml and a palpable nodule seems to have an adequate detection rate with few, directed biopsies ...(1). Transrectal ultrasonography has two potential roles in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: To identify lesions suspected of malignancy and to improve the accuracy of prostate biopsy. Ultrasound-guided transrectal 18-G core biopsy has become the standard way to obtein material for histopathological examination (2). After our experience of three years, we review the technique and its indications. Patients and Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2009, 234 patients underwent transperineal guided biopsy. Patients were aged from 46-85 (mean 65.5) years. Every patient underwent digital rectal examination. Antibiotic prophylaxis was used to reduce risk of complications after prostate biopsy. The standard techique that we used included 10-cores of peripheral zone, divided into 5-cores for lobe; 6-cores in far-lateral lobar region and 4-cores in mid lobar region. Results: The incidence of prostate cancer in the biopsies of our groupe was 101 (43.0%). The number of patients that had prostate cancer in the mid and lateral core biopsies was 38 (37.6%); 56 (55.4%) patients had a single mass in the lateral core biopsy and 7 (6.9%) patients a single tumour in the mid lobar biopsies. Conclusion: Prior studies showed that the vast majority of tumours were detected in the far-lateral lobar region of prostate, an area well-sampled by the technique of laterally directed sextant biopsy. Our study confirmed these data. It seems that the direction of the biopsies may well be as important as the number of cores.
The ALICE experiment at LHC is mainly dedicated to heavy-ion physics. An overview of its performances, some predictions related to its first measurements and QGP observable measurements will be given.
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