.
The STEREO experiment measures the electron antineutrino spectrum emitted in a research reactor using the inverse beta decay reaction on H nuclei in a gadolinium loaded liquid scintillator. The ...detection is based on a signal coincidence of a prompt positron and a delayed neutron capture event. The simulated response of the neutron capture on gadolinium is crucial for the comparison with data, in particular in the case of the detection efficiency. Among all stable isotopes,
155
Gd and
157
Gd have the highest cross sections for thermal neutron capture. The excited nuclei after the neutron capture emit gamma rays with a total energy of about 8MeV. The complex level schemes of
156
Gd and
158
Gd are a challenge for the modeling and prediction of the deexcitation spectrum, especially for compact detectors where gamma rays can escape the active volume. With a new description of the Gd (n,
γ
) cascades obtained using the FIFRELIN code, the agreement between simulation and measurements with a neutron calibration source was significantly improved in the STEREO experiment. A database of ten millions of deexcitation cascades for each isotope has been generated and is now available for the user.
Numerous measurements of fission product yields were performed since the discovery of the nuclear fission process. However, more precise and reliable fission product yields are requested. Lack of ...covariance matrices make difficult to use it for specific application purposes such as the propagation uncertainty of decay heat. In this work, we propose to measure independently the fission product mass yields for the whole heavy peak (including the symmetric mass region) for the
233
U
(
n
th
,
f
)
reaction. Both average values and experimental covariance is provided. The fission product mass yields are measured with the LOHENGRIN recoil mass spectrometer of the ILL using an ionization chamber located at the focal plane. A new procedure of data taking has been developed in order to minimize the biases. Concretely several ionic charges and kinetic energy distributions have been measured for each mass. Particular attention has been considered in the monitoring of the target time evolution. Additional corrections were necessary in the symmetry mass region due to contaminants coming from the LOHENGRIN recoil mass spectrometer. A complex Monte Carlo analysis has been developed in order to better propagate all the uncertainties. The fission product mass yields of the
233
U
(
n
th
,
f
)
and its associated covariance matrix has been produced. An overall good agreement has been observed with ENDF/B-VIII.0 in contrast with the JEFF-3.3 evaluation. A precision around 2% for the heavy peak has been measured. The experimental covariance matrix was also computed. In the symmetry mass region, two components were observed in the kinetic energy distribution. One of this component was considered as an artifact and was ruled-out.
Lifetime of the ( 15 2 1 − ) state in 135Te Simpson, G; Regis, J M; Bettermann, L ...
Journal of physics. G, Nuclear and particle physics,
05/2019, Letnik:
46, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The lifetime of the ( 15 2 1 − ) state of 135Te has been measured to be τ = 809(22) ps, corresponding to a reduced transition rate of B ( E 2 ; 15 2 1 − → 11 2 1 − ) =6.6(2) W.u. The experiment was ...performed at the focal point of the Lohengrin spectrometer and s-delayed γ rays from mass-selected A = 135 ions were detected by four LaBr3(Ce) scintillators. This allowed the fast-timing technique to be used to access lifetimes in the 10s-of-ps to ns time region. The B ( E 2 ; 15 2 1 − → 11 2 1 − ) value is typical of a vibrational transition, despite 135Te possessing only one valence neutron and two valence protons. Shell model calculations performed with the jj 56 pnb state-of-the-art effective interaction predict a B(E2) value close to the experimental one and show that contributions from the π(g7/2, d5/2) f7/2 couplings are coherent.
Nuclear fission yields are key data for reactor studies, such as spent fuel inventory or decay heat, and for understanding fission process. Despite a significant effort allocated to measure fission ...yields during the last decades, the recent evaluated libraries still need improvements in particular in the reduction of the uncertainties. Moreover, some discrepancies between these libraries must be explained.
Additional measurements provide complementary information and estimations of experimental correlations, and new kinds of measurements enable to test the models used during the nuclear data evaluation process. A common effort by the CEA, the LPSC and the ILL aims at tackling these issues by providing precise measurements of isotopic and isobaric fission yields with the related variance-covariance matrices. Additionally, the experimental program involves a large range of observables requested by the evaluations, such as kinetic energy dependency of isotopic yields and odd-even effect in order to test the sharing of total excitation energy and the spin generation mechanism. Another example is the complete range of isotopic distribution per mass that allows the determination of the charge polarization, which has to be consistent for complementary masses (pre-neutron emission). For instance, this information is the key observable for the evaluation of isotopic yields. Finally, ionic charge distributions are indirect measurements of nanosecond isomeric ratios as a probe of the nuclear de-excitation path in the
(E*, J
,
π
) representation.
Measurements for thermal neutron induced fission of
241
Pu have been carried out at the ILL in Grenoble, using the LOHENGRIN mass spectrometer. Methods, results and comparison to models calculations will be presented corresponding to a status on fission fragments observables reachable with this facility.
The Fission Product Prompt γ-ray Spectrometer, FIPPS, is under development to enable prompt γ-ray spectroscopy correlated with fission fragment identification. This will open new possibilities in the ...study of fission and of nuclear structure of neutron rich nuclei. FIPPS will consist of an array of γ and neutron detectors coupled with a fission fragment filter. The chosen solution for the filter is a Gas Filled Magnet (GFM). Both experimental and modeling work was performed in order to extract the key parameters of such a device and design the future GFM of the FIPPS project. Experiments performed with a GFM behind the LOHENGRIN spectrometer demonstrated the capability of additional beam purification.
At finite temperatures and low densities, nuclei may undergo a phase change similar to a classical liquid-gas phase transition. Temperature is the control parameter while density and pressure are the ...conjugate variables. In the nucleus the difference between the proton and neutron concentrations acts as an additional order parameter, for which the symmetry potential is the conjugate variable. We present experimental results which reveal the N/Z dependence of the phase transition and discuss possible implications of these observations in terms of the Landau free energy description of critical phenomena.
Nuclear fission yields are key parameters to evaluate reactor physics observables, such as fuel inventory, decay heat, spent fuel radiotoxicity, criticality but also for understanding the fission ...process. Despite a significant effort allocated to measure fission yields during the last decades, the recent evaluated libraries still need improvements in particular in the description of the uncertainties with the associated correlations. Additional kinds of measurements provide complementary information in order to test the models used in the nuclear data evaluation. Moreover, some discrepancies between these libraries must be explained. A common effort by the CEA, the LPSC and the ILL aims at tackling these issues by providing precise measurement of isotopic and isobaric fission yields with the related variance-covariance matrices. Nevertheless, the experimental program represents itself a large range of observables requested by the evaluations: isotopic yields, nuclear charge polarization, odd-even effect, isomeric ratio and their dependency with fission fragment kinetic energy as a probe of the nuclear de-excitation path in the (E
*
, J
π
) representation. Measurements for thermal neutron induced fission of
241
Pu have been carried out at the Institut Laue Langevin using the LOHENGRIN mass spectrometer. Experimental program, observables reachable, results and comparison to model calculations are shown.
The neutrons for science (NFS) facility is a component of SPIRAL-2, the new superconducting linear accelerator built at GANIL in Caen (France). The proton and deuteron beams delivered by the ...accelerator will allow producing intense neutron fields in the 100 keV-40 MeV energy range. Continuous and quasi-mono-kinetic energy spectra, respectively, will be available at NFS, produced by the interaction of a deuteron beam on a thick Be converter and by the 7Li(p,n) reaction on thin converter. The pulsed neutron beam, with a flux up to two orders of magnitude higher than those of other existing time-of-flight facilities, will open new opportunities of experiments in fundamental research as well as in nuclear data measurements. In addition to the neutron beam, irradiation stations for neutron-, proton- and deuteron-induced reactions will be available for cross-sections measurements and for the irradiation of electronic devices or biological cells. NFS, whose first experiment is foreseen in 2018, will be a very powerful tool for physics, fundamental research as well as applications like the transmutation of nuclear waste, design of future fission and fusion reactors, nuclear medicine or test and development of new detectors.
Accurate thermal neutron-induced fission data are important for applications in reactor physics as well as for fundamental nuclear physics. FIPPS is the new FIssion Product Prompt γ-ray Spectrometer ...being developed at the Institut Laue Langevin for neutron-induced fission studies. FIPPS is based on the combination of a large Germanium detector array surrounding a fission target, a Time-Of-Flight detector and a Gas-Filled Magnet (GFM) to identify mass, nuclear charge and kinetic energy of one of the fission fragments. The GFM will be instrumented with a Time-Projection Chamber (TPC) for individual 3D tracking of the fragments. A conceptual design study of the new spectrometer is presented.
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