Abstract Extra-canalicular variations of the inferior alveolar nerve are exceedingly rare and unreported. The authors report an unusual presentation of the inferior alveolar nerve perforating the ...ramus of the mandible with a very short intra-bony course and exiting laterally in a 20 year old indian female diagnosed with hemifacial microsomia. There was concomitant absence of the ipsilateral inferior alveolar canal and mental foramen. Variations in nerve architecture like these are of importance to clinicians who deal with surgery of the facial skeleton.
Metal‐organic framework and graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) are structures of high specific surface area. The Cu2+ incorporated classical metal‐organic frameworks (HKUST‐1) synthesized by the ...solvothermal method was used for the synthesis of ternary composite catalyst. When copper oxide was loaded into HKUST‐1/g‐C3N4, the resulting composite system was found to be highly effective catalysts for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The doped metal oxide in HKUST‐1/g‐C3N4 functioned as a catalyst for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The composite catalyst was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of composite catalyst on the thermal decomposition of AP was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that the composite system showed excellent catalytic activity towards the thermal decomposition of AP. The high‐temperature decomposition of AP decreased by 72 °C on using HKUST‐1 based ternary composite catalyst. The large surface area of HKUST‐1, g‐C3N4, and copper oxide nanoparticles play key roles in reducing the decomposition temperature. This was further confirmed by the kinetic analysis of the sample using the Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose method.
Ecology is a leading discipline in the synthesis of diverse knowledge. Ecologists have had considerable experience in bringing together diverse, multinational data sets, disciplines, and cultural ...perspectives to address a wide range of issues in basic and applied science. Now is the time to build on this foundation and invest in ecological synthesis through new national or international programs. While synthesis takes place through many mechanisms, including individual efforts, working groups, and research networks, centers are extraordinarily effective institutional settings for advancing synthesis projects.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
With this study we introduce new unsymmetrical phosphites to obtain lipidated peptide-conjugates starting from easily accessible azide-modified amino acid or peptide precursors. For this purpose, we ...investigated which substituents at alkyl phosphites lead to the highest formation of mono-alkylated phosphoramidate peptides. We found that phosphites containing one alkyl-chain and two picolyl or benzyl-substituents delivered alkyl phosphoramidate-conjugates in high yields, which also allowed a chemoselective lipidation of an unprotected azido polypeptide. Finally, monolipidated phosphoramidate peptides obtained by the unsymmetrical Staudinger phosphite reaction led to the formation of micelle-like structures and cellular uptake.
Purpose
In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the use of gallium-68 labeled receptor-specific peptides for imaging oncologic diseases. The objective was to examine the stability and ...pharmacokinetics of
68
GaNODAGA and DOTA-peptide conjugate targeting VPAC combined for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) receptors on tumor cells.
Procedures
A VPAC receptor-specific peptide was chosen as a model peptide and conjugated to NODAGA and DOTA
via
solid-phase synthesis. The conjugates were characterized by HPLC and MALDI-TOF. Following Ga-68 chelation, the radiochemical purity of Ga-68 labeled peptide conjugate was determined by radio-HPLC. The stability was tested against transmetallation using 100 nM Fe
3+
/Zn
2+
/Ca
2+
ionic solution and against transchelation using 200 μM DTPA solution. The
ex vivo
and
in vivo
stability of the Ga-68 labeled peptide conjugate was tested in mouse plasma and urine. Receptor specificity was determined
ex vivo
by cell binding assays using human breast cancer BT474 cells. Positron emission tomography (PET)/X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging, tissue distribution, and blocking studies were performed in mice bearing BT474 xenografts.
Results
The chemical and radiochemical purity was greater than 95 % and both conjugates were stable against transchelation and transmetallation.
Ex vivo
stability at 60 min showed that the NODAGA-peptide-bound Ga-68 reduced to 42.1 ± 3.7 % (in plasma) and 37.4 ± 2.9 % (in urine), whereas the DOTA-peptide-bound Ga-68 was reduced to 1.2 ± 0.3 % (in plasma) and 4.2 ± 0.4 % (in urine) at 60 min. Similarly, the
in vivo
stability for
68
GaNODAGA-peptide was decreased to 2.1 ± 0.2 % (in plasma) and 2.2 ± 0.4 % (in urine). For
68
GaDOTA-peptide, it was decreased to 1.4 ± 0.3 % (in plasma) and 1.2 ± 0.4 % (in urine) at 60 min. The specific BT474 cell binding was 53.9 ± 0.8 % for
68
GaNODAGA-peptide, 25.8 ± 1.4 % for
68
Ga-DOTA-peptide, and 18.8 ± 2.5 % for
68
GaGaCl
3
at 60 min. Inveon microPET/CT imaging at 1 h post-injection showed significantly (
p
< 0.05) higher tumor to muscle (T/M) ratio for
68
GaNODAGA-peptide (3.4 ± 0.3) as compared to
68
GaDOTA-peptide (1.8 ± 0.6). For
68
GaGaCl
3
and blocked mice, their ratios were 1.5 ± 0.6 and 1.5 ± 0.3 respectively. The tissue distributions data were similar to the PET imaging data.
Conclusion
NODAGA is superior to DOTA in terms of radiolabeling kinetics. The method of radiolabeling was reproducible and yielded higher specific activity. Although both agents have relatively low
in vivo
stability, PET/CT imaging studies delineated BC tumors with
68
GaNODAGA-peptide, but not with
68
GaDOTA-peptide.
We performed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for 16q23 abnormalities in 861 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and identified deletion of 16q del(16q) in 19.5%. In 467 cases in ...which demographic and survival data were available, del(16q) was associated with a worse overall survival (OS). It was an independent prognostic marker and conferred additional adverse survival impact in cases with the known poor-risk cytogenetic factors t(4;14) and del(17p). Gene expression profiling and gene mapping using 500K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mapping arrays revealed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) involving 3 regions: the whole of 16q, a region centered on 16q12 (the location of CYLD), and a region centered on 16q23 (the location of the WW domain-containing oxidoreductase gene WWOX). CYLD is a negative regulator of the NF-κB pathway, and cases with low expression of CYLD were used to define a “low-CYLD signature.” Cases with 16q LOH or t(14;16) had significantly reduced WWOX expression. WWOX, the site of the translocation breakpoint in t(14;16) cases, is a known tumor suppressor gene involved in apoptosis, and we were able to generate a “low-WWOX signature” defined by WWOX expression. These 2 genes and their corresponding pathways provide an important insight into the potential mechanisms by which 16q LOH confers poor prognosis.
Structural, electronic and optical properties of quasi-one-dimensional barium cadmium chalcogenides Ba2CdS3, Ba2CdSe3 and Ba2CdTe3 are studied using density functional theory. Structural properties ...of these materials are investigated by incorporating Van der Waals correction with PBE exchange correlation functional. Results of structural analysis are in good agreement with the previously reported experimental observations and confirm the quasi-one-dimensional structure of the compounds. Ba2CdX3 chalcogenide structures crystallize in orthorhombic phase with space group Pnma-D2h16. Band structure calculations with HSE06 show that Ba2CdSe3 and Ba2CdTe3 are wide bandgap materials with direct bandgap of 2.56 eV for Ba2CdSe3 and 2.16 eV for Ba2CdTe3. Ba2CdS3 is an insulator with direct bandgap 3.16 eV. Optical properties are investigated by calculating the refractive index, birefringence, dichroism, dielectric function and absorption coefficient using the HSE06 method. Ba2CdX3 materials exhibit large optical anisotropy with considerable birefringence and dichroism. The comparatively high values of absorption coefficients, extinction coefficients, birefringence and dichroism make Ba2CdX3 materials suitable for applications as polarizers and sensing devices, while the large direct bandgaps indicate that they are promising candidates in photovoltaic applications.
•Structural, electronic, and optical properties of quasi-1D Ba2CdX3 (X = S,Se,Te) materials were investigated using DFT.•Calculations indicate that the materials Ba2CdSe3 and Ba2CdTe3 are wide bandgap semiconductors and Ba2CdS3 is an insulator.•Ba2CdX3 materials possess high values of dielectric constants, refractive indices and absorption coefficients.•Ba2CdX3 materials show significant anisotropy in the optical parameters.•The comparatively high values of birefringence and dichroism make Ba2CdX3 materials suitable for photovoltaic applications.
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