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•The first super-fast 2D high-resolution SS NMR for a nano-mole-scale protein.•First demonstration of 2D solid-state NMR for a 1 nmol of protein in less than 6 h.•Perspective review ...of 1H-detected protein solid-state NMR using ultra-fast MAS.
Proton-detected solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy has attracted much attention due to its excellent sensitivity and effectiveness in the analysis of trace amounts of amyloid proteins and other important biological systems. In this perspective article, we present the recent sensitivity limit of 1H-detected SSNMR using “ultra-fast” magic-angle spinning (MAS) at a spinning rate (νR) of 80–100 kHz. It was demonstrated that the high sensitivity of 1H-detected SSNMR at νR of 100 kHz and fast recycling using the paramagnetic-assisted condensed data collection (PACC) approach permitted “super-fast” collection of 1H-detected 2D protein SSNMR. A 1H-detected 2D 1H–15N correlation SSNMR spectrum for ∼27 nmol of a uniformly 13C- and 15N-labeled GB1 protein sample in microcrystalline form was acquired in only 9 s with 50% non-uniform sampling and short recycle delays of 100 ms. Additional data suggests that it is now feasible to detect as little as 1 nmol of the protein in 5.9 h by 1H-detected 2D 1H–15N SSNMR at a nominal signal-to-noise ratio of five. The demonstrated sensitivity is comparable to that of modern solution protein NMR. Moreover, this article summarizes the influence of ultra-fast MAS and 1H-detection on the spectral resolution and sensitivity of protein SSNMR. Recent progress in signal assignment and structural elucidation by 1H-detected protein SSNMR is outlined with both theoretical and experimental aspects.
Background and Aim
Few studies have reported on a national, population‐based endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) database. Hence, in 2015, we established a multicenter ERCP database ...registry, the Japan Endoscopic Database (JED) Project in preparation for a nationwide endoscopic database. The objective the present study was to evaluate this registry before the establishment of a nationwide endoscopic database.
Methods
From 1 January 2015 to 31 March 2017, we collected and analyzed the ERCP data of all patients who underwent ERCP in four participating centers in the JED Project based on the JED protocol.
Results
Four centers carried out 4104 ERCP on 2173 patients. Data entry of ERCP information (age, 100%; gender, 100%; American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System, 74.5%; scope, 92.7%; time to ERCP, 100%; antithrombotic drug information, 55.0%; primary selective common bile duct CBD cannulation methods, 73.0%; number of attempts at primary selective CBD cannulation, 67.6%; overall selective CBD cannulation methods, 68.9%; ERCP procedure time, 66.3%; fluoroscopy time, 65.1%; adverse events, 74.9%; serum amylase levels 1 day post‐ERCP, 36.5%) was accurately extracted from the four centers. Success rate of CBD cannulation by level of ERCP difficulty was 98.5%, 99.0%, and 96.4% in grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Complication rate by overall selective CBD cannulation method was 5.6%, 7.6%, and 10.5% in the contrast‐assisted technique, guidewire‐assisted technique, and cross‐over method, respectively.
Conclusion
Data from this evaluation of the JED Project, a multicenter ERCP database registry, suggest the feasibility of establishing a nationwide ERCP database and its challenges.
Background A sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P) is a common type of colorectal polyp that possesses malignant potential. Although narrow-band imaging (NBI) can easily differentiate neoplastic ...lesions from hyperplastic polyps (HPs), SSA/Ps can be a challenge to distinguish from HPs. Objective To investigate specific endoscopic features of SSA/Ps by using NBI with optical magnification. Design Retrospective study. Setting Single high-volume referral center. Patients A total of 289 patients with histopathologically proven SSA/Ps or HPs obtained from colonoscopic polypectomy. Intervention Endoscopic images obtained by using NBI with optical magnification of 242 lesions (124 HPs, 118 SSA/Ps) removed between January 2010 and December 2012 were independently evaluated by 2 experienced endoscopists. Three external experienced endoscopists systematically validated the diagnostic accuracies by using 40 lesions (21 HPs and 19 SSA/Ps) removed between January and March 2013. Main Outcome Measurements Specific endoscopic features of SSA/Ps by using 5 potential characteristics: dilated and branching vessels (DBVs), irregular dark spots, a regular network pattern, a disorganized network pattern, and a dense pattern. Results Multivariate analysis demonstrated that DBV had a 2.3-fold odds ratio (95% confidence interval, 0.96-5.69) among SSA/Ps compared with HPs (sensitivity, 56%; specificity, 75%; accuracy, 65%). Interobserver and intraobserver agreement indicated almost perfect agreement for DBVs in both the evaluation and validation studies. When DBVs, proximal location, and tumor size (≥10 mm) were combined, the positive predictive value was 92% and the area under the curve was 0.783 in the receiver-operating characteristics by using the validation group. Limitations Retrospective study. Conclusions The current study suggests that a DBV is a potentially unique endoscopic feature of a colorectal SSA/P.
NbMnP is a metallic material, which consists of the zigzag chains of Mn moments along the b axis. The magnetic susceptibility as well as the resistivity shows an anomaly at 233 K, which indicates an ...antiferromagnetic phase transition. Our neutron powder diffraction experiment reveals that the magnetic structure is a Q=0 structure and noncollinear with an easy plane anisotropy perpendicular to the b axis, and the a- and c-axis magnetic components align antiferromagnetically and ferromagnetically along the zigzag chain direction, respectively. The ordered moment is 1.2μB, which is reduced probably due to the itineracy of the Mn moments. A localized picture model suggests that the Q=0 magnetic structure is formed by the frustration among several exchange couplings. A weak ferromagnetic component is also present in the antiferromagnetic phase, which is considered to be caused by a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
Purpose
The skin perfusion pressure (SPP) increases after endovascular treatment (EVT) for up to 1 month, although changes beyond 1 month remain unreported. This study aimed to investigate the ...changes in the SPP over time after EVT.
Materials and methods
This was a single-center, prospective, observational study. We included patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia who underwent EVT between January 2019 and July 2022. We evaluated the SPP after EVT monthly for up to 3 months and compared the changes in the SPP between patients with different comorbidities. Moreover, we investigated the independent predictors of recurrent foot ischemia using a multivariate analysis.
Results
Overall, 87 patients were included in the study. The mean preprocedural dorsal and plantar SPP was 33.9 ± 14.7 and 33.4 ± 13.1 mmHg, respectively. After the procedure, the SPP significantly increased at 1 month but decreased during months 2 and 3 (the dorsal SPP at 1, 2, and 3 months was 59.6 ± 20.3, 48.3 ± 20.9, and 39.7 ± 14.7, respectively, p < 0.01; the plantar SPP at 1, 2, and 3 months was 57.3 ± 18.2, 48.2 ± 15.6, and 40.5 ± 15.3, respectively, p < 0.01). Changes in the SPP did not differ among patients with different comorbidities. The multivariate analysis revealed that severe infrapopliteal calcification was an independent predictor of recurrent foot ischemia (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–13.4; p = 0.04).
Conclusion
The SPP after EVT significantly increased at 1 month and decreased monthly for up to 3 months. Severe infrapopliteal calcification was the sole predictor of foot ischemia recurrence. Meticulous follow-up after EVT and regular hemodynamic examinations are important.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) administration on histamine H1 receptor (H1R) gene expression in the nasal mucosa of healthy participants and ...the effects of dexamethasone on basal and histamine-induced H1R mRNA expression, and histamine-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in HeLa cells. Sixteen healthy participants were given INCS once daily for a week. After pretreatment of dexamethasone, HeLa cells were treated with histamine. Levels of H1R mRNA and phosphorylation of ERK were measured using real time PCR and immunoblot analysis, respectively. Levels of H1R mRNA in the nasal mucosa of healthy participants receiving INCS was significantly decreased. Dexamethasone suppressed basal levels of H1R mRNA, and histamine-induced up-regulation of H1R mRNA and ERK phosphorylation in HeLa cells. These data suggested that corticosteroid inhibited both basal transcription and histamine-induced transcriptional activation of H1R through its suppression of ERK phosphorylation in the signaling pathway involved in H1R gene transcription. It is further suggested that pre-seasonal prophylactic administration of INCS suppresses both basal and pollen-induced upregulation of H1R gene expression in the nasal mucosa of patients with pollinosis, leading to prevention of the exacerbation of nasal symptoms during peak pollen season. J. Med. Invest. 67 : 311-314, August, 2020
Monitoring tools for direct debris flow measurements using sensors such as load cells were first installed in Japan in the Arimura River on Sakurajima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, where volcanic ...activity is severe, and numerous debris flows have occurred due to falling ash after eruptions. This system, which is collectively referred to as a DFLP system and is equipped with load cells and pressure sensors, collects information on debris flow characteristics such as specific weight and volumetric sediment concentration. Another DFLP system was installed at Kamikamihorizawa Creek, on the eastern side of Mt. Yakedake, Nagano Prefecture, in November 2014, where significant sediment deposition and large numbers of debris flows have been observed. The present study reports on debris flow surges monitored by this system on August 29, 2019. More than five surges were monitored using the DFLP during 20-minute period, and the rainfall intensity for a 10-minute period just before those events was 12mm, resulting in an accumulated depth of 56mm. During the debris flow surges, both stable and continuous sediment concentration measurements were performed. Using the flow discharge calculated from closed-circuit television video images, the time-averaged sediment concentration and relative mass density were calculated as 0.470 and 1.73, respectively. The equilibrium sediment concentration of coarse sediment particles for the 8°bed slope upstream from the system was estimated at 0.160 by the previous knowledge and 0.201 by the DFLP, with the higher DFLP value attributed to the presence of fine sediment particles in the mud phase.
Background
Because of the small numbers of cases in single centers, the indications for and survival benefits of adrenalectomy for adrenal metastasis remain unclear. We evaluated the outcomes of ...laparoscopic adrenalectomy for patients with adrenal metastasis.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 67 patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastatic disease from 2003 to 2017 at 11 hospitals. Associations of clinical, surgical, and pathologic features with overall survival (OS) and positive surgical margins were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and univariate logistic regression analysis.
Results
Lung cancer (30%) and renal cell carcinoma (30%) were the most common primary tumor types. Intraoperative complications were observed in seven patients (10%) and postoperative complications in seven (10%). The surgical margin was positive in 10 patients (15%). The median OS was 3.8 years. Univariate analysis showed that the tumor size, episodes of extra-adrenal metastasis before adrenalectomy, extra-adrenal metastasis at the time of adrenalectomy, and positive surgical margins were significantly associated with shorter OS (
p
= 0.022,
p
= 0.005,
p
< 0.001, and
p
= 0.022, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that extra-adrenal metastasis at the time of adrenalectomy and positive surgical margins remained statistically significant (
p
= 0.022 and
p
= 0.049, respectively). In the univariate analysis, the tumor size was significantly associated with positive surgical margins (
p
= 0.039).
Conclusions
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenal metastasis can be safely performed in selected patients, and patients with isolated adrenal metastasis and negative surgical margins seem to have more favorable outcomes.
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