We investigated the re‐entrainment of melatonin rhythm in an 11‐h eastward‐bound flight. Eight male subjects participated in the present study. Blood sampling was carried out once before the flight ...and twice after the flight. During the daytime the subjects were exposed to natural zeitgeber outdoors on the day except the blood sampling. Seven of eight subjects showed antidromic re‐entrainment, and the other subject showed orthodromic re‐entrainment. The intensity of natural day light in New York amounted to 20 000 lx. As for the direction of the re‐entrainment in New York the antidromic re‐entrainment is naturally dominant.
An electrodeposition method was used to form nanometre-sized alumina particles on a silicon carbide surface. A direct current in the range 0.15 to 11.8 mA/m2 flowed between a cylindrical carbon ...cathode and a porous silicon carbide anode in an aqueous solution containing Al-EDTA(-) at pH 6. The current density increased with increasing applied voltage and showed a maximum as a function of deposition time. The deposited alumina precursor was estimated to be (OH)Al(OOCH)2. After calcination at 800 C in an Ar atmosphere, the uniformly deposited precursor changed to alumina particles with a specific surface area of 44.3 m2/g. 14 refs.
Purpose: To test the capability of an indirect MR lymphography (MRLG) using a conventional extracellular gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agent for localizing breast sentinel lymph node (SLN).
Methods: ...A total of 1 and 0.5 ml of undiluted gadopentetate dimeglumine were injected subcutaneously into the two periareolar areas overlying each caudal mammary gland in 10 female dogs. Contiguous 2-mm-thick fast gradient echo MR images were acquired through the upper breast and axilla before and for 60 min after gentle massage at the injection sites, yielding 3D displays. The localized SLN was resected from the living animals, followed by post mortem examinations. MRLG (1 ml contrast agent injected) was also attempted in 5 female volunteers.
Results: Even with 0.5-ml contrast agent, the MRLG clearly visualized the connection of SLN and lymphatic vessels directly draining from the injection sites, and the remaining distant nodes, with the maximal enhancement peaks within 10 min after massage. The 3D images provided comprehensive anatomy of these lymphatic pathways in each axilla. Of the 20 SLN and 128 distant nodes visualized on the MRLG, all the SLN (100%) and 107 (83.5%) distant nodes could be resected pre- and post mortem, in good correlation with the locations and sizes on the MR images. MRLG also effectively localized SLN in the volunteers, without significant adverse effects.
Conclusion: An indirect MRLG using small volumes of conventional Gd-based contrast agent may have potential for accurate identification and surgical biopsy of breast SLN.
Red giants show a large number of absorption lines in both optical and
near-infrared wavelengths. Still, the characteristics of the lines in different
wave passbands are not necessarily the same. We ...searched for lines of Mg I, Si
I, Ca I, Ti I, Cr I, and Ni I in the z', Y, and J bands (0.91-1.33 $\mu$m),
that are useful for precise abundance analyses, from two different compilations
of lines, namely, the third release of Vienna Atomic Line Database (VALD3) and
the catalog published by Melendez & Barbuy in 1999 (MB99). We selected
sufficiently strong lines that are not severely blended and ended up with 191
lines (165 and 141 lines from VALD3 and MB99, respectively), in total, for the
six elements. Combining our line lists with high-resolution (R = 28,000) and
high signal-to-noise (higher than 500) spectra taken with the WINERED
spectrograph, we measured the abundances of the six elements in addition to Fe
I of two prototype red giants, i.e., Arcturus and mu Leo. The resultant
abundances show reasonable agreements with literature values within $\sim$0.2
dex, indicating that the available oscillator strengths are acceptable,
although the abundances based on the two line lists show systematic differences
by 0.1-0.2 dex. Furthermore, to improve the precision, solid estimation of the
microturbulence (or the microturbulences if they are different for different
elements) is necessary as far as the classical hydrostatic atmosphere models
are used for the analysis.
Mitochondrial DNA 5178 adenine/cytosine (mt5178 A/C) polymorphism was reported to be associated with longevity and susceptibility to adult-onset diseases in Japanese. To examine whether mt5178 A/C ...genotypes are associated with serum protein fraction profiles, we genotyped 461 healthy Japanese individuals, and studied the relationship of mt5178 A/C genotypes to both proportion and levels of serum protein fraction. The mt5178 A/C was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta globulin proportions in females carrying mt5178A were significantly higher than those in females carrying mt5178C (
P=0.002, 0.006, and 0.008, respectively). Moreover, the alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta globulin levels in females carrying mt5178A were significantly higher than those in females carrying mt5178C (
P=0.001, 0.002, 0.018, respectively). This difference in globulin fraction level between the two genotypes was more evident in premenopausal females than in postmenopausal females. However, no such difference was found in males. These results provide the first evidence that the mt5178 A/C polymorphism may influence the serum protein fraction levels of the healthy Japanese women.
The present study was undertaken to provide further information on lipogenesis in isolated adipocytes from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of fattening steers. The main aims were to compare different ...incubation media and to clarify the effects of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on lipogenesis and substrate oxidation rate in the adipocytes. The isolated adipocytes were prepared by the collagenase digestion technique. The changes in cellularity, the incorporation rates of acetate or glucose into lipid molecules, and the oxidation rates to CO2 both in fresh and preincubated adipocytes were measured in different media. It was shown that FBS increased significantly both lipogenesis and the oxidation rates of glucose or acetate in the fresh adipocytes but insulin did not. In isolated adipocytes preincubated for 24 and 48 h, the cellularity, the incorporation rate of glucose into lipid molecules, and the oxidation rates of glucose or acetate to CO2 were not different to those in fresh adipocytes, but the incorporation rate of acetate into lipid molecules was significantly lower.
Resistivity measurements were performed on (TMTTF)
2Br under pressure. Magnetic field was applied along
c
∗-axis up to 16
T. Above 0.5
GPa, (TMTTF)
2Br exhibits incommensurate spin density wave ...(ISDW) transition at low temperature. With increasing pressure, spin density wave (SDW) transition temperature
T
SDW decreases from 19.5
K at 0.5
GPa to 12.5
K at 2.1
GPa. In the incommensurate SDW phase, with increasing magnetic field,
T
SDW increases quadratically and the coefficient of quadratic term increases with increasing pressure. These results are qualitatively consistent with the prediction of the mean-field theory based on the imperfection of the nesting of Fermi surface. The relation between the coefficient of the quadratic term and
T
SDW at zero magnetic field can be explained by the mean-field theory with taking into account the reduction of the coupling constant
N(0)
I by pressure.
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