La asimetría craneofacial se expresa como la diferencia en tamaño entre dos partes de la cara, están originadas por la discrepancia en tamaño y posición entre la base de cráneo y el maxilar, entre la ...base de cráneo y la mandíbula, o entre el maxilar y la mandíbula. Cuando la asimetría craneofacial es severa y el paciente ha terminado completamente su crecimiento, el tratamiento indicado se realiza por medio de la Ortodoncia y la Cirugía Ortognática en conjunto. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente femenino de 20 años de edad a quien se le realizó tratamiento ortodóntico-quirúrgico con maloclusión esquelética clase III por retrusión maxilar y prognatismo mandibular, asimetría facial severa, hiperplasia condilar derecha, canteamiento maxilar del lado derecho, mordida abierta esquelética anterior y compresión transversal del maxilar. Los objetivos del tratamiento fueron: proporcionar una oclusión estable, crear una simetría facial y mejorar la función por medio de la corrección del problema transversal, sagital y vertical dentoesquelético. El plan de tratamiento fue ortodóntico-quirúrgico utilizando aparatología fija con prescripción Roth 0.022” × 0.025” y consistió en tres fases: 1) ortodoncia prequirúrgica, 2) fase quirúrgica y 3) ortodoncia postquirúrgica. El plan de tratamiento quirúrgico consistió en una cirugía ortognática triple: osteotomía LeFort I (intrusión maxilar asimétrica de 3mm del lado derecho y 2mm de descenso del lado izquierdo y un avance maxilar de 3mm), osteotomía sagital bilateral asimétrica de las ramas mandibulares y mentoplastia; aunado a estos procedimientos quirúrgicos, también se realizó la colocación de un poste nasal de cartílago septal. Los resultados obtenidos fueron satisfactorios, tanto facial como oclusalmente, logrando los objetivos ortodónticos planteados en un inicio y cumpliendo con las expectativas del paciente.
La cirugía ortognática en conjunto con la Ortodoncia ofrece una solución definitiva para las correcciones dentofaciales en pacientes que han terminado completamente su periodo de crecimiento; otorgando al paciente una simetría facial, estabilidad oclusal y función adecuada del aparato estomatognático. El establecimiento de un diagnóstico y objetivos comunes entre el cirujano maxilofacial y el ortodoncista ante un caso ortodóntico-quirúrgico es crucial para obtener un resultado adecuado y favorable para el paciente.
Craniofacial asymmetry is expressed as the difference in size between two parts of the face. It is originated by a discrepancy in size and position between the cranial base and the maxilla, between the cranial base and the mandible, or between the maxilla and the mandible. When the craniofacial asymmetry is severe and the patient has completed growth, the indicated treatment is performed in conjunction with orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. The clinical case of a 20-year-old female patient who underwent orthodontic-surgical treatment of a skeletal class III malocclusion due to maxillary retrusion and mandibular prognathism, severe facial asymmetry, right condylar hyperplasia, right side maxillary inclination, anterior open bite and transversal compression of the maxillar is hereby presented. The treatment goals were to provide a stable occlusion, to obtain facial symmetry and improve function by the correction of the transverse, sagittal and vertical dento-skeletal problem. The treatment plan was orthodontic-surgical using 0.022” × 0.025” slot Roth prescription, which consisted in three phases: 1) Pre-surgical orthodontics, 2) surgical phase and 3) Post-surgical orthodontics. The surgical treatment plan consisted of a triple orthognathic surgery: Le Fort I osteotomy (asymmetric maxillary intrusion of 3mm on the right side and 2mm on the left side and a maxillary advancement of 3mm), asymmetric bilateral sagittal osteotomy of the mandible and mentoplasty. In addition to these surgical procedures, a nasal post of septal cartilage was also placed. The obtained results, both facial and occlusal, were satisfactory, achieving the orthodontic goals and fulfilling the patient's expectations.
Orthognathic surgery in conjunction with orthodontics offers a definitive solution for dentofacial corrections in patients who have completed their growth period; giving the patient facial symmetry, occlusal stability and adequate function of the stomatognathic apparatus. The establishment of a common diagnosis and objectives between the maxillofacial surgeon and the orthodontist in an orthodontic-surgical case is crucial to obtain an adequate and favorable result for the patient.
Craniofacial asymmetry is expressed as the difference in size between two parts of the face. It is originated by a discrepancy in size and position between the cranial base and the maxilla, between ...the cranial base and the mandible, or between the maxilla and the mandible. When the craniofacial asymmetry is severe and the patient has completed growth, the indicated treatment is performed in conjunction with orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. The clinical case of a 20-year-old female patient who underwent orthodontic-surgical treatment of a skeletal class III malocclusion due to maxillary retrusion and mandibular prognathism, severe facial asymmetry, right condylar hyperplasia, right side maxillary inclination, anterior open bite and transversal compression of the maxillar is hereby presented. The treatment goals were to provide a stable occlusion, to obtain facial symmetry and improve function by the correction of the transverse, sagittal and vertical dento-skeletal problem. The treatment plan was orthodontic-surgical using 0.022” × 0.025” slot Roth prescription, which consisted in three phases: 1) Pre-surgical orthodontics, 2) surgical phase and 3) Post-surgical orthodontics. The surgical treatment plan consisted of a triple orthognathic surgery: Le Fort I osteotomy (asymmetric maxillary intrusion of 3mm on the right side and 2mm on the left side and a maxillary advancement of 3mm), asymmetric bilateral sagittal osteotomy of the mandible and mentoplasty. In addition to these surgical procedures, a nasal post of septal cartilage was also placed. The obtained results, both facial and occlusal, were satisfactory, achieving the orthodontic goals and fulfilling the patient's expectations.
Orthognathic surgery in conjunction with orthodontics offers a definitive solution for dentofacial corrections in patients who have completed their growth period; giving the patient facial symmetry, occlusal stability and adequate function of the stomatognathic apparatus. The establishment of a common diagnosis and objectives between the maxillofacial surgeon and the orthodontist in an orthodontic-surgical case is crucial to obtain an adequate and favorable result for the patient.
La asimetría craneofacial se expresa como la diferencia en tamaño entre dos partes de la cara, están originadas por la discrepancia en tamaño y posición entre la base de cráneo y el maxilar, entre la base de cráneo y la mandíbula, o entre el maxilar y la mandíbula. Cuando la asimetría craneofacial es severa y el paciente ha terminado completamente su crecimiento, el tratamiento indicado se realiza por medio de la Ortodoncia y la Cirugía Ortognática en conjunto. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente femenino de 20 años de edad a quien se le realizó tratamiento ortodóntico-quirúrgico con maloclusión esquelética clase III por retrusión maxilar y prognatismo mandibular, asimetría facial severa, hiperplasia condilar derecha, canteamiento maxilar del lado derecho, mordida abierta esquelética anterior y compresión transversal del maxilar. Los objetivos del tratamiento fueron: proporcionar una oclusión estable, crear una simetría facial y mejorar la función por medio de la corrección del problema transversal, sagital y vertical dentoesquelético. El plan de tratamiento fue ortodóntico-quirúrgico utilizando aparatología fija con prescripción Roth 0.022” × 0.025” y consistió en tres fases: 1) ortodoncia prequirúrgica, 2) fase quirúrgica y 3) ortodoncia postquirúrgica. El plan de tratamiento quirúrgico consistió en una cirugía ortognática triple: osteotomía LeFort I (intrusión maxilar asimétrica de 3mm del lado derecho y 2mm de descenso del lado izquierdo y un avance maxilar de 3mm), osteotomía sagital bilateral asimétrica de las ramas mandibulares y mentoplastia; aunado a estos procedimientos quirúrgicos, también se realizó la colocación de un poste nasal de cartílago septal. Los resultados obtenidos fueron satisfactorios, tanto facial como oclusalmente, logrando los objetivos ortodónticos planteados en un inicio y cumpliendo con las expectativas del paciente.
La cirugía ortognática en conjunto con la Ortodoncia ofrece una solución definitiva para las correcciones dentofaciales en pacientes que han terminado completamente su periodo de crecimiento; otorgando al paciente una simetría facial, estabilidad oclusal y función adecuada del aparato estomatognático. El establecimiento de un diagnóstico y objetivos comunes entre el cirujano maxilofacial y el ortodoncista ante un caso ortodóntico-quirúrgico es crucial para obtener un resultado adecuado y favorable para el paciente.
La infección urinaria baja, específicamente la bacteriuria asintomática afecta el 2 al 7% de los embarazos; sin tratamiento, evoluciona a pielonefritis, aumenta la probabilidad de parto pretérmino, ...bajo peso al nacer y preeclampsia. La identificación y tratamiento de la infección urinaria baja es prioritaria. Conocer la sensibilidad antibiótica de los diferentes patógenos permite revisar las estrategias de tratamiento y disminuir los desenlaces adversos perinatales. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil de resistencia de los principales patógenos aislados en los urocultivos de las pacientes embarazadas que acudieron a control prenatal en Clínica Colsanitas. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional con pacientes gestantes que asistieron a control prenatal. Se tomaron todos los resultados de urocultivos de las pacientes gestantes y se excluyeron urocultivos sugestivos de contaminación. Se analizaron los patógenos aislados y la sensibilidad a los diferentes antibióticos. Resultados: De 14054 muestras para urocultivo 1177 resultaron positivas. El principal patógeno aislado fue Escherichia coli con una prevalencia del 71,4%, seguido en frecuencia por Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis y Klebsiella pneumoniae. La resistencia de Escherichia coli a ampicilina fue de 37,3%, a trimetoprim sulfametoxazol 23,3%, cefalotina 11,1%. La sensibilidad a fosfomicina fue de 98%. En general los patógenos más frecuentemente aislados presentaron bajas tasas de expresión de betalactamasas. Conclusiones: E. coli fue el patógeno más frecuente. La alta resistencia a la ampicilina contraindica su uso empírico. El uso de otros antibióticos como cefalexina o nitrofurantoína es adecuado. Fosfomicina puede ser una opción cuando no sea posible usar los anteriormente descritos.
To describe the expecting ambulatory medical treatment in patients with Premature Rupture of Membranes (PRM), between 24 and 34 weeksof gestational age. Materials and methodology: An ...observationalstudy was made in patients with PRM and expecting ambulatorymedical treatment. Outcome: In this study, 14 patients between 20to 39 years of age with PRM between 25 to 33 weeks of gestationalage were included with a time period of 38 days of expecting treatment.The indications to terminate gestation were: presence ofspontaneous uterine activity (7 patients, 50%), chorio-amnionitis (1patient, 7.14%), intrahepatic cholestasis (1 patient, 7.14%), and fullterm delivery (4 patients, 28.5%). One of the patients presented aspontaneous closing of her membrane rupture and had a normaldelivery on her 39th week of pregnancy. The delivery was definedby obstetric indication so that 9 patients had normal delivery and5 patients had their deliveries by cesarean section, one of whichwas because of failed induction, and 4 of them due to a podalicpresentation. Conclusions: The expecting ambulatory medical treatmentis the one chosen for patients with PRM without clinical signsof maternal or fetal infection, and gestational ages between 24 to34 weeks. Although the expecting ambulatory medical treatmentis one of the correct choices, it is necessary that more controlledstudies be conducted to establish whether or not it is a therapeuticof choice for the expecting hospital medical treatment.
Objetivo Determinar incidencia, clasificación, evitabilidad e impacto de los Eventos Adversos (EA) para establecer su importancia como problema en algunos hospitales en Colombia. Metodología Cohorte ...prospectiva de pacientes hospitalizados al menos 12 horas en 3 instituciones generales en Colombia. Se excluyeron pacientes psiquiátricos, presencia del EA antes del ingreso a la hospitalización índice. Con una diferencia estimada del 1 % (complejidad alta y media), significancia: 0,05 %, poder: 80 % relación 2:1 se requerían mínimo 6 557 pacientes. Fuente de información: historia clínica Fase I: traducción y adaptación de formularios. Fase II: vigilancia activa de eventos de tamización. Fase III: evaluación de la asociación del EA con el cuidado proveído, por un comité de especialistas, Variables: edad, género y tipo de afiliación al sistema de seguridad social, incidencia acumulada de EA, temporalidad, evitabilidad y discapacidad resultante naturaleza del EA. Resultados Fueron evaluados 6 688 sujetos durante el periodo de vigilancia. Se detectaron 505 pacientes con eventos de tamización positivos (7,9 % IC95 % 7,3-8,6). Un total de 310 sujetos presentaron al menos un evento adverso; Incidencia acumulada: (4,6 % IC95 % 4,1-5,1) durante la hospitalización. De estos se consideró evitable el evento adverso en 189 sujetos (61 %, IC95 % 55-66). Ocurrió discapacidad permanente en 1,3 %. La mortalidad asociada al evento adverso fue de 6,4 % (20/310). Se incrementó la hospitalización como consecuencia del EA un total de 1 072 días. Conclusiones La incidencia de eventos adversos evitables fue relevante en los tres hospitales de Colombia.
Abstract
The microwave‐assisted extraction of the main phenolic component of green coffee beans, chlorogenic acid (CGA), was carried out employing deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride and ...five different hydrogen bond donors (HBD) in a 1:2 ratio. The best performance for the extraction process of CGA was reached by the mixtures of choline chloride/ethylene glycol and choline chloride/urea. To understand the various interactions between the phenolic compound and the two most efficient deep eutectic solvents, computational calculations were carried out at the density functional theory (DFT) level, as well as Atoms in Molecules (AIM) and Non‐Covalent Interactions (NCIs) analyses. In that way, a variety of hydrogen bond types were found in every structure. Nevertheless, the CGA does not disrupt the hydrogen bond network established between ChCl and the HBD. Among the strongest interactions are those hydrogen bonds between the quinic acid moiety and the ethylene glycol or the urea. In addition, the thermochemistry of the formation of the two main deep eutectic solvents and their corresponding complexes with CGA was calculated, where the formation of urea‐based structures was slightly more effective by ~3 kcal/mol.
Quantum Transport in Graphene Nanonetworks Botello-Méndez, Andrés R; Cruz-Silva, Eduardo; Romo-Herrera, José M ...
Nano letters,
08/2011, Letnik:
11, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The quantum transport properties of graphene nanoribbon networks are investigated using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. Focusing on systems that can be ...experimentally realized with existing techniques, both in-plane conductance in interconnected graphene nanoribbons and tunneling conductance in out-of-plane nanoribbon intersections were studied. The characteristics of the ab initio electronic transport through in-plane nanoribbon cross-points is found to be in agreement with results obtained with semiempirical approaches. Both simulations confirm the possibility of designing graphene nanoribbon-based networks capable of guiding electrons along desired and predetermined paths. In addition, some of these intersections exhibit different transmission probability for spin up and spin down electrons, suggesting the possible applications of such networks as spin filters. Furthermore, the electron transport properties of out-of-plane nanoribbon cross-points of realistic sizes are described using a combination of first-principles and tight-binding approaches. The stacking angle between individual sheets is found to play a central role in dictating the electronic transmission probability within the networks.
In the current global emergency due to SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, passive immunotherapy emerges as a promising treatment for COVID-19. Among animal-derived products, equine formulations are still the ...cornerstone therapy for treating envenomations due to animal bites and stings. Therefore, drawing upon decades of experience in manufacturing snake antivenom, we developed and preclinically evaluated two anti-SARS-CoV-2 polyclonal equine formulations as potential alternative therapy for COVID-19. We immunized two groups of horses with either S1 (anti-S1) or a mixture of S1, N, and SEM mosaic (anti-Mix) viral recombinant proteins. Horses reached a maximum anti-viral antibody level at 7 weeks following priming, and showed no major adverse acute or chronic clinical alterations. Two whole-IgG formulations were prepared via hyperimmune plasma precipitation with caprylic acid and then formulated for parenteral use. Both preparations had similar physicochemical and microbiological quality and showed ELISA immunoreactivity towards S1 protein and the receptor binding domain (RBD). The anti-Mix formulation also presented immunoreactivity against N protein. Due to high anti-S1 and anti-RBD antibody content, final products exhibited high in vitro neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 80 times higher than a pool of human convalescent plasma. Pre-clinical quality profiles were similar among both products, but clinical efficacy and safety must be tested in clinical trials. The technological strategy we describe here can be adapted by other producers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Introduction: Plasmodium vivax causes approximately 80-100
million clinical cases every year. It is the most prevalent human
malaria parasite in the American continent and its prevalence is second
...only to P. falciparum worldwide. Due to the emergence of
medication-resistant parasites and an increase in insecticide-resistant
mosquitoes, research to find a vaccine that could prevent or limit the
clinical manifestations of the disease has increased greatly. During
the last two decades, significant progress has been achieved in this
attempt; however, the development of a P. vivax vaccine has been
hampered due to the lack of sustainable in vitro parasite cultures.
Objectives: We describe the development and testing of a vaccine to P.
vivax pre-erythrocytic stages. We selected the circumsporozoite (CS)
protein, an antigen abundantly expressed on the parasite surface.
Methodology: After extensive immunological characterization in vitro,
three long peptides (N, R and C) were synthesized, and the toxicity and
immunogenicity of these peptides were thoroughly assessed in animals.
To determine the safety and immunogenicity in humans, a randomized,
double blind clinical trial was conducted. The trial included 23
healthy volunteers who received 100 μg of N, R and C of each
peptide formulated in Montanide ISA-720 adjuvant. Conclusions: The
vaccination was well tolerated and proven to be safe in both animals
and volunteers; thus, additional clinical trials utilizing this vaccine
candidate are indicated.
There is an intense discussion on the impact of the quality of patents on innovation and economic development. Consequently, measuring the quality of patents becomes an essential issue to understand ...how it affects the innovation system (IS). This paper shows a systematic review of patent quality indicators and their contribution to the literature. Additional to the systematic review, a dynamic behaviour hypothesis is developed to comprise how patent value indicators can be used to create a set of strategies to improve the innovation of the renewable energy sector. Our results show a novel framework for analysing the effects of patent value on the IS that could be useful for renewable energy diffusion in Latin-America.
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