The chemical composition and mineral inclusions in peats and the underlying soils of the eutrophic Obskoye fen (Western Siberia, Tomsk Region) are studied. The basic pattern of a change in the ...mineralogical and geochemical conditions at depth consists in domination of hydroxides on top of the peat deposit and sulfides at the bottom. The geochemical reduction barrier is formed at the bottom of the peat deposit. Its functioning is related to increased concentrations of U and Hg. The markedly pronounced influence exerted by sewage discharge is associated with an increase in the Na concentration in acid extracts from peats and additional accumulation of the mixture of suspended, colloidal, and dissolved forms of some metals in the boggy environment.
Activity of tissue factor (TF) in membrane microparticles (MPs) produced
in vitro
by endothelial cells (ECs), monocytes, THP-1 monocytic cells, granulocytes, and platelets was investigated. ECs were ...isolated from human umbilical vein, and monocytes, granulocytes, and platelets–from the blood of healthy donors. ECs, monocytes, and THP-1 cells were activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, granulocytes–by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol myristate acetate, and platelets - by SFLLRN, thrombin receptor-activating peptide. MPs were sedimented from the culture medium or supernatant of activated cells at 20,000g for 30 min. Coagulation activity of MPs was analyzed in a modified recalcification assay by assessing their effects on coagulation of donor plasma depleted of endogenous MPs (by centrifuging at 20,000g for 90 min). MPs from all cell types accelerated plasma coagulation. Antibodies blocking TF activity prolonged coagulation lagphase in the presence of MPs from ECs, monocytes, and THP-1 cells (by 2.7-, 2.0-, and 1.8-fold, respectively), but did not influence coagulation in the presence of MPs from granulocytes and platelets. In accordance with these data, TF activity measured by its ability to activate factor X was found in MPs from ECs, monocytes, and THP-1 cells, but not in MPs from granulocytes and platelets. The data obtained indicate that active TF is present in MPs produced
in vitro
by ECs, monocytes, and THP-1 cells, but not in MPs derived from granulocytes and platelets.
Oolitic iron ores are typified, and their morphology and composition are studied. Special attention is focused on the character of distribution of valuable and harmful admixtures and determination of ...the principal minerals concentrating these elements. As a result of this study, three types of ores are identified, such as “loose” ores, cemented ores with glauconite–chlorite–clay cement, and well-cemented ores with siderite cement. The morphology and composition of the ore oolites are characterized. The forms of occurrence of calcium phosphates (anapaite) and phosphates of rare-earth elements (monazite, cularite) that are related to the harmful phosphorus admixture are described. According to the analysis of the elemental composition, the fractions of (–1…+0.2) and (–1…+0.1) mm in the western and eastern segments, respectively, may be promising for processing.
The results of mineralogical–geochemical studies of the oligotrophic pine–fruticulose–sphagnum segment of Vasyugan Swamp (West Siberia) in the winter of 2017 are presented. A mathematical model is ...developed for the depth distribution of chemical elements in water and acid extracts of peats, organo-mineral sediments, and inorganic soil. It is shown that two complex geochemical barriers related to the changes in filtration properties of soils and contributing to the formation and/or accumulation of Fe compounds and other chemical elements function in the peat deposit. The first (oxidizing, reduction, sulfide, and adsorption hydroxide) barrier is found approximately at a depth of 0.40–1.25 m; the second (alkaline carbonate and hydrolytic, adsorption hydroxide, clayey, and carbonate) barrier lies in the lower layer of the peat deposit (a depth of 2.25–2.50 m). The result obtained is important for understanding the production–destruction methane cycle.
Diagnostics of thrombocytopenias Mazurov, A V; Khaspekova, S G; Vasiliev, S A
Terapevtic̆eskii arhiv,
2018-Aug-17, Letnik:
90, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Laboratory methods used for the diagnostics of thrombocytopenias are reviewed. Differential diagnosis is usually carried out between immune and hypoproductive forms of thrombocytopenia. Immune ...thrombocytopenias are caused by appearance in blood of antiplatelet abtibodies and accelerated destruction of platelets sensibilized by those antibodies, and hypoproductive thrombocytopenias - by impaired platelet production in the bone marrow. Main directions of the laboratory diagnostics of thrombocytopenias - analysis of auto- and alloautoantibodies and evaluation of platelet production and turnover in the blood stream. The following methods are used for the investigation of antiplatelet antibodies: 1) measurement of platelet associated immunoglobulins; 2) determination of circulating antibodies reacting with platelets; 3) determination of antibodies using antigen specific methods - by their reactivity with isolated platelet antigens (glycoproteins). Efficacy of platelet production could be assessed by measuring in blood the amount of "young" (reticulated) platelets. One more method for the evaluation of platelet production as well as the rate of platelet turnover - measurement of plasma soluble glycocalicin, glycoprotein Ib fragment shed from the surface of platelets upon their destruction in spleen and liver. In patients with immune thrombocytopenia autoantibodies are evaluated in all cases, the percentage of reticulated platelets is significantly increased and the amount of plasma glycocalicin is within the normal range or increased. In patients with hypoproductive thrombocytopenia autoantibodies are not detected or detected at low level, the percentage of reticulated platelets is within the normal range or slightly increased and the amount of plasma glycocalicin is lowered. Diagnostics of hapten forms of immune thromocytopenias (heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and others) and of alloimmune thrombocytopenias (neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in particular) are considered in the separate sections of this review.
ISDM-Rosleskhoz operation and evolution experience Balashov, I V; Loupian, E A; Bartalev, S A ...
IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science,
08/2021, Letnik:
806, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
The paper marks the 15-th anniversary of the Wildfires Monitoring Information System of the Federal Forestry Agency (ISDM-Rosleskhoz). Creation and development of the system was partaken by ...many organizations, including the Aerial Forest Protection Central Base (Avialesookhrana), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CEPF RAS), State Research Center “Planeta”, OOO Inkom, Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISTP SB RAS), Saint Petersburg Forestry Research Institute (SPbNIILH). The system provides uniform near real-time information necessary for forest fires and their impact monitoring all over the Russia territory and border areas. The paper highlights main trends and key stages of ISDM-Rosleskhoz development and evolution during the entire operation time span. This constant evolution has made and is keeping the system as the largest fires monitoring industrial system operated by Forest Protection Services both in Russia and in the world. The paper also briefly provides major development directions of the system for the nearest years.
Platelets play an important role in initiating atherothrombosis, i.e. the formation of blood clots inside a blood vessel at areas of atherosclerotic vascular injury. The functional (prothrombotic) ...activity of platelets significantly varies both in healthy individuals and in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The increased platelet production and turnover may be one of the reasons for promoting platelet activity. Stimulating thrombocytopoiesis results in large and reticular (with an increased amount of RNA) "young" platelets in the bloodstream. These platelets contain more adhesive receptors, more secretory granules and have an increased aggregation capacity. The review provides data indicating that large and reticular platelets are not only markers, but also predictors of atherothrombotic events, and primarily of acute coronary syndrome. An increase in such platelet count in patients receiving antiplatelet drugs is associated with a decrease in effectiveness of their antiplatelet action. It is assumed that the appearance of large and reticular platelets in the blood of patients with atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis may be a consequence of an increase in the thrombopoietic activity of megakaryocytes in these pathological conditions.
The work reports on the results of geochemical studies of the bottom sediments on the shelf of the East Siberian Sea. The sediments’ gas content, gas composition, and gas geochemical and isotopic ...characteristics are determined. Abnormal zones of distribution of methane, hydrocarbon gases, and carbon dioxide are revealed within the studied areas, along with the general geological factors affecting gas formation. Areas of distribution of hydrocarbon gases of varying origins are distinguished. The potential for oil-and-gas content is estimated.
Mechanisms underlying the development of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) in in Russia have been studied.
Genetic polymorphisms of human platelet alloantigens (HPA) -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and ...-15 were evaluated in 27 families having the newborns with NAIT. NAIT was diagnosed according to the following criteria: (1) newborn with thrombocytopenia; (2) mother with no thrombocytopenia and no increase of platelet associated IgG, (3) presence of antibodies reacting with paternal platelets in maternal plasma / serum. HPA genotyping revealed incompatibilities in 23 out of 27 tested families. In these 23 families HPA-1 conflicts were detected in 16 ones (70%). In 8 cases mothers were homozygous carriers of rare HPA-1b allele and in another 8 cases - of HPA-1a allele which cased incompatibilities with fetal HPA-1a and HPA-1b respectively. In 5 out of 23 families (22%) there were incompatibilities with fetal HPA-15 (HPA-15a, n=2 and HPA-15b, n=3), in 1 family - with HPA-5b (4%), and in 1 family - with HPA-3b (4%) alloantigens.
In conclusion the main causes of NAIT in Russia were HPA-1a and -1b conflicts and HPA-15 conflicts were the second frequent ones.
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