The results of NMR, and especially pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG NMR) investigations, are summarized. Pulsed field gradient NMR technique makes it possible to investigate directly the partial ...self-diffusion processes in spatial scales from tenth micron to millimeters. Modern NMR spectrometer diffusive units enable to measure self-diffusion coefficients from 10−13 m2/s to 10−8 m2/s in different materials on 1 H, 2 H, 7 Li, 13 C, 19 F, 23 Na, 31 P, 133 Cs nuclei. PFG NMR became the method of choice for reveals of transport mechanism in polymeric electrolytes for lithium batteries and fuel cells. Second wide field of application this technique is the exchange processes and lateral diffusion in biological cells as well as molecular association of proteins. In this case a permeability, cell size, and associate lifetime could be estimated. The authors have presented the review of their research carried out in Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia; Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan. The results of water molecule and Li+, Na+, Cs+ cation self-diffusion in Nafion membranes and membranes based on sulfonated polystyrene, water (and water soluble) fullerene derivative permeability in RBC, casein molecule association have being discussed.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is found in 15-20% of malignant colorectal tumors and is characterized by strong CpG hypermethylation over the genome. The molecular mechanisms of this ...phenomenon are not still fully understood. The development of CIMP is followed by global gene expression alterations and metabolic changes. In particular, CIMP-low colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), predominantly corresponded to consensus molecular subtype 3 (CMS3, "Metabolic") subgroup according to COAD molecular classification, is associated with elevated expression of genes participating in metabolic pathways.
We performed bioinformatics analysis of RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project for CIMP-high and non-CIMP COAD samples with DESeq2, clusterProfiler, and topGO R packages. Obtained results were validated on a set of fourteen COAD samples with matched morphologically normal tissues using quantitative PCR (qPCR).
Upregulation of multiple genes involved in glycolysis and related processes (ENO2, PFKP, HK3, PKM, ENO1, HK2, PGAM1, GAPDH, ALDOA, GPI, TPI1, and HK1) was revealed in CIMP-high tumors compared to non-CIMP ones. Most remarkably, the expression of the PKLR gene, encoding for pyruvate kinase participating in gluconeogenesis, was decreased approximately 20-fold. Up to 8-fold decrease in the expression of OGDHL gene involved in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle was observed in CIMP-high tumors. Using qPCR, we confirmed the increase (4-fold) in the ENO2 expression and decrease (2-fold) in the OGDHL mRNA level on a set of COAD samples.
We demonstrated the association between CIMP-high status and the energy metabolism changes at the transcriptomic level in colorectal adenocarcinoma against the background of immune pathway activation. Differential methylation of at least nine CpG sites in OGDHL promoter region as well as decreased OGDHL mRNA level can potentially serve as an additional biomarker of the CIMP-high status in COAD.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
( Z )-1,3-Dialkyl-7-arylmethylidene-1,3 a ,4,9 a -tetrahydroimidazo4,5- e thiazolo2,3- c -1,2,4-triazine-2,8(3 H ,7 H )-diones have been prepared via a chemo- and diastereoselective aldol ...condensation of 1,3-dialkyl-3,3 a ,9,9 a -tetrahydroimidazo4,5- e thiazolo3,2- b -1,2,4-triazine-2,7(1 H ,6 H )-diones with aromatic aldehydes followed by the skeletal rearrangement of thiazolotriazine fragments. We succeeded in synthesizing hitherto unknown products of alkali-induced skeletal rearrangement of 3 a ,9 a -diphenyl substituted imidazothiazolotriazines.
The research paper covers the features of the socio-economic and environmental diagnostics of agricultural land use. Zoning is a kind of base for territorial record keeping of natural conditions and ...resources, quantity, quality, as well as the production capacity of lands in the system of taxonomic units. It is a natural and historical basis for placement of agricultural production, land valuation, the development of land use patterns, land management patterns and projects, farming and agriculture systems, etc. Natural zoning reflects the need for priority land use in the interests of the economy. It has an agrobioecological basis due to the peculiarities of agricultural production, the essence of which is the utilization of solar energy by plant organisms necessary to maintain the ecological stability of the territory. We used the methods of particle-size and chemical analysis, methods of comparing indicators for zones with various types of agriculture and soils of military sites under the influence of man-made factors. The main socio-economic indicators characterizing the development of land use are analyzed. The concept of state policy forms in the valuation of unused lands of Krasnodar Krai is substantiated.
Study of interaction between catechol and tetraethyleneglycol dichloride in the n-butanol media, resulting with benzo-15-crown-5 production. Production of nitro- and amino-derivatives of ...benzo-15-crown-5. Determination of their thermogravimetric characteristics.
•The Bi24(M2-xMnx)O40 (M = Al, Fe, Ge, Ti, Cr, V) were grown by hydrothermal method.•Isomorphic substitutions, precise compositions, and point defects were revealed.•The Mn4+ and Mn5+ ions, antisite ...Bi, and Bi and O vacancies were found.•The reasons for isomorphic substitutions were characterized.•The potential of methods aimed at determining the composition was demonstrated.
Single-crystal sillenite-type Bi24(M2-xMn4+x)O40 (M = Al3+, Fe3+, Ge4+, Ti4+, Cr4+, V5+)solid solutions have been studied by a complex of methods: single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction; EXAFS/XANES, IR and Raman spectroscopies; scanning and transmission electron microscopies; electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Structures of Bi24(M2-xMnx)O40 (M = Al, Fe, V, Ge) solid solutions contain Mn ions with two formal charges, Mn4+ and Mn5+, as well as vacancies in the Bi (M = V) and O (M = Cr, Fe, Al, V) sites. For the Bi24(M2-xMnx)O40(M = Fe, Cr, V), a partial occurrence of Bi atoms in the tetrahedral sites has been detected by X-ray diffraction, which was confirmed by IR and Raman spectroscopies. Two isostructural sillenite-type solid solutions based on the Bi24Mn2O40 and γ-Bi2O3 with the impurity phases Mn2O3 and Bi2Mn4O10 were found in the system with M = Cr. Limits for isomorphic substitutions in the Bi24(M2-xMnx)O40 (M = Al, Fe, Ge, Ti, Cr, V) systems were theoretically estimated and compared with the experimental results obtained. A potential of elaborated combination of methods aimed at determining the precise real composition of solid solutions not identical to that of the initial charge was demonstrated. Homogeneity regions for sillenite family phases were predicted.
•(Bi,Sm)24V2O40 crystals were grown by the hydrothermal method for the first time.•Real structure was refined by X-ray diffraction and synchrotron radiation.•The types and concentrations of point ...defects were determined.•The presence of Sm3+ and Bi3+ ions in one site is confirmed by infrared spectra.•Substitution of Bi3+ ions by Sm3+ ions improves optical properties.
Single-crystal (Bi,Sm)24V2O40 solid solutions with sillenite structure, grown by the hydrothermal method for the first time, have been studied using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, synchrotron radiation, and infrared spectroscopy. The real composition has been refined. The presence of Sm3+ and Bi3+ ions in one crystallographic site was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and confirmed by the analysis of infrared spectra and calculation of the degree of distortion of the real BiO5 polyhedron.
In NaLnTiO4 (Ln = La, Nd) layered perovskite-like compounds, the mobility of sodium ions was studied using impedance spectroscopy and simulated by the molecular dynamics approach. NaLnTiO4 was ...prepared via a high-temperature solid-state reaction with final annealing at 900°С. The conductivity was measured using the complex impedance technique between 1MHz and 100Hz in the temperature range of 523–923K. Using the DFT (Density Functional Theory) method, the charges of atoms in the crystal structure were calculated and applied to simulate the sodium atom mobility in NaNdTiO4 and NaLaTiO4 crystals using classical molecular dynamics in the temperature range of 523–923K. Based on these calculations, the dependence of the diffusion coefficients of sodium atoms on temperature was studied. The mobility of sodium ions in NaLaTiO4 is demonstrated to be higher than that in NaNdTiO4 because of the more ionic characteristic of its bonds.
•An approach of ion mobility estimation based on theoretical and experimental techniques is proposed.•The applied method enables the prediction of the ionic transport properties of new layered perovskite-like structures.•The mobility of sodium ions in NaLaTiO4 is higher than that in NaNdTiO4 because of the more ionic character of its bonds.
(
Z
)-1,3-Dialkyl-7-arylmethylidene-1,3
a
,4,9
a
-tetrahydroimidazo4,5-
e
thiazolo2,3-
c
-1,2,4-triazine-2,8(3
H
,7
H
)-diones have been prepared
via
a chemo- and diastereoselective aldol ...condensation of 1,3-dialkyl-3,3
a
,9,9
a
-tetrahydroimidazo4,5-
e
thiazolo3,2-
b
-1,2,4-triazine-2,7(1
H
,6
H
)-diones with aromatic aldehydes followed by the skeletal rearrangement of thiazolotriazine fragments. We succeeded in synthesizing hitherto unknown products of alkali-induced skeletal rearrangement of 3
a
,9
a
-diphenyl substituted imidazothiazolotriazines.
The synthesis of benzylideneimidazo4,5-
e
thiazolo2,3-
c
- 1,2,4-triazines
via
an alkali-induced skeletal rearrangement of imidazo4,5-
e
thiazolo3,2-
b
-1,2,4-triazines is reported.
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