This paper deals with digitally mediated museum experiences of novice visitors at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna and discusses them in the context of museum inclusion. Research participants ...included families with young children and members of minority communities in Vienna whose visit was facilitated by two app-based guided tours developed for children. The research goal was to explore the impact of the mobile guide’s digital content and modes of communication on the visitors’ interaction with the guide, with the museum space and objects, and with family members. The families’ interactions were observed, recorded and analyzed. The results suggest that carefully considered and created content on mobile guides has the potential to provide novice family visitors with experiences that support their independence and active engagement, create opportunities for mutual facilitation, and support their different identities, all of which have been considered as conducive to inclusion.
A shift from activities under the exclusive responsibility of institutions and experts to those organized and carried out by a growing number of civil society organizations and heritage communities ...has been seen as a means of democratizing heritage practice. This paper explores an NGO-run project of the Trešnjevka Neighborhood Museum in Zagreb, Croatia in order to expound characteristics of its participative management model, which includes other NGOs, representatives of a museum institution, and neighborhood residents. The museum’s activities published on the official website and social media platforms were thematically analyzed according to layers of cultural participation. The results show a formation of a community of interests within a place-based community whose purpose is to represent heritage values alternative to those of the mainstream institutions. The TNM can therefore be described as a territorialized cause-based project whose management is predicated on value-based participation of different stockholders, while its heritage governance approach resembles both corporatist and service-led approaches.
The paper presents research on museum-school relationship from the point of view of teachers from secondary grammar and vocational schools. It explores their current and preferred interactions. The ...results show that teachers from vocational schools make field trips less frequently and are less satisfied with their relationship with museums. The characteristics of museum-school interactions are the same for both groups and form a model of low-intensity relations, with each institution maintaining its discrete authority, responsibilities and resources. Unlike the responses of the grammar-school teachers, those of vocational-school teachers do not indicate any development of the present relationship.
In the nineteenth century, Croatia was a semi-autonomous province in the Hungarian part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. Zagreb was the capital city and the national and political centre. Since most ...of the Croatian provincial governments in the so-called Dualist Period of Austro-Hungarian history (1867-1918) were formed by pro-Hungarian parties, the Zagreb City Government took on the role of promoting Croatian national identity by launching and supporting cultural projects and initiatives. It was in this atmosphere that the Zagreb City Museum was founded in 1907 as a new institution where narratives about the history and culture of the city started to be shaped through cultural and historical evidence that also served to represent the Croatian nation and national identity formation. This continued in 1918 when Croatia found itself stripped of all autonomy in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/ Yugoslavia. The significance of the Zagreb City Museum and the local government in sustaining and reinforcing the Croatian national discourse came to the fore again in 1925 with the celebration of the millennial anniversary of the Croatian kingdom. This article explores the main protagonists and the underlying ideologies behind the early work of the Zagreb City Museum and its nationalist agenda.
Rasprave o temeljnoj ulozi umjetničkog muzeja poglavito se vežu za različito shvaćanje prirode umjetnosti—njezine autonomnosti ili instrumentalnosti. Zagovaranje potonjeg u kontekstu demonstracije ...društvene vrijednosti umjetničkog muzeja ili participacije u umjetnosti dovelo je u drugoj polovici 20. stoljeća do potrebe za umjetničkom medijacijom prvenstveno kao edukacijom posjetitelja o važnosti i značenju umjetničkih djela. Međutim, u radu se medijacija u muzejima koji slijede model takozvane „bijele kocke” promatra kroz prizmu komunikacije na izložbi tijekom pojedinačnog posjeta, a u obzir se uzimaju svi izložbeni mediji, od prostora, teksta, do različitih oblika digitalnih sadržaja i tehnologije. Teorijski okvir rada predstavljaju tri načela muzejske medijacije koji uključuju paradigme istraživanja umjetnosti i estetskog iskustva na kojima se temelji muzejska praksa, izložbene medije te paradigme kulturnih politika. Pregledom medijacije na umjetničkim muzejskim izložbama od 30-ih godina 20. stoljeća do danas, u kontekstu tri navedena načela, predlaže se i analiza medijacije kao svojevrsnog alata za određivanje odnosa koje muzeji uspostavljaju između umjetnosti i posjetitelja, a time i njihove društvene uloge.
Obilježavajući Međunarodni dan muzeja, hrvatski muzeji provode Edukativnu muzejsku akciju (EMA) provođenjem edukacijskih aktivnosti – najčešće radionica, vodstava i
edukativnih izložbi – na ...specifičnu temu koju zadaje muzej-voditelj. Etnografski muzeji
u Hrvatskoj su u akciji sudjelovali od samih početaka, a Etnografski muzej u Zagrebu bio
je i voditelj edukativne muzejske akcije 2000. i 2010. godine. U članku je predstavljeno
istraživanje o obilježjima EMA-e kao edukativne muzejske akcije koje je bilo provedeno
analizom tiskanih knjižica kao programskih publikacija Akcije te odgovora muzejskih
stručnjaka koji su sudjelovali u organizaciji i provođenju Akcije dobivenih anketom.
Istraživanjem se pokazuje nesklad između naziva i obilježja ove organizirane aktivnosti
na temelju čega se propituje stanje i potencijali razvoja Akcije, ali i muzejske edukativne
djelatnosti. Kustosi etnografskih zbirki i muzejski pedagozi u hrvatskim etnografskim
muzejima koji su sudjelovali u istraživanju doprinijeli su određivanju problematike vezane za muzejske edukativne programe kao i određivanju njezinih razvojnih potencijala.
On the occasion of observing International Museum Day, Croatian museums carry out
the Educational Museum Action (EMA) by conducting educational activities - most
often workshops, guided tours and ...didactic exhibitions - on a specific topic set by a
museum-leader. Ethnographic museums in Croatia have participated in the Action from
the very beginning; in 2000 and 2010, Ethnographic Museum in Zagreb was the leader
of the Educational Museum Action. This paper presents a research of EMA features as
an educational museum action conducted by analysis of printed booklets as the Action program publications and by responses of museum experts who took part in the
organization and implementation of the Action, obtained as a result of a survey. The
research points out the discrepancy between the name and features of the organized
activity, upon which a state and potentials of the Action development, as well as the
museum’s educational activities have been questioned. Curators of ethnographic collections and museum educators in Croatian ethnographic museums, having participated
in the research, gave their contribution to determination of issues related to museum
educational programs and to determination of their development potentials.
Svijest o potrebi istraživanja tko i zašto dolazi u muzej odraz je njegove postmoderne uloge i potrebe otvaranja prema različitim skupinama posjetitelja te stvaranja mogućnosti za veće uključivanje ...građana. Kako bi u tome uspjeli, muzeji moraju poznavati svoju publiku, njihove osnovne demografske karakteristike, kao i motivaciju za njihov dolazak u muzej te pronaći način na koji mogu zadovoljiti kulturne potrebe posjetitelja različitih profila. U Arheološkome muzeju u Zagrebu (AMZ) provedeno je jedno takvo istraživanje o kojemu će više riječi biti u tekstu.
Budući da je u hrvatskim muzejima još uvijek vrlo slabo zastupljena praksa istraživanja korisnika, moguće je štošta korisnoga naučiti iz tuđe prakse. Međutim, angažman oko upoznavanja korisnika ...pretpostavlja primjenu društvenih znanosti u muzejima, osposobljavanje trenutačnih djelatnika za istraživačke prakse ili zapošljavanje novih, povremenih ili stalnih djelatnika sa znanjem i vještinama koje su potrebne za razvoj publike: poznavanjem funkcioniranja muzeja, znanjem o interpretacijskim, komunikacijskim i edukacijskim praksama i trendovima, poznavanjem novih tehnologija te poznavanjem evaluacijskih i istraživačkih pristupa u muzejima
Razvoj publike postao je danas vrlo popularan koncept među onima koji se bave kulturom (bez obzira je li riječ o javnim ustanovama, organizacijama civilnog društva ili privatnim poduzećima), ali i ...općenito često korišten izraz u diskursu kulturne djelatnosti. Velik udio u kulturnoj djelatnosti u Hrvatskoj imaju muzeji koji se zbog ekonomskih okolnosti polako okreću razvoju svoje publike.
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