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•Resveratrol-enriched GSO reduces body and WAT weight gain in obese mice.•Resveratrol-enriched GSO attenuates lipid metabolism abnormalities and insulin resistance in obese ...mice.•Resveratrol-enriched GSO attenuates WAT expansion and inflammation in obese mice.•Resveratrol-enriched induces UCP-1 gene and protein expression in BAT in obese mice.
Grape skin and seed oil are winemaking by-products with a potential nutraceutical value. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol-enriched grape seed oil (GSO) administration on white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction in obese mice. Male mice were divided into four groups (n = 10/group): the chow diet (CD) group; the high-fat diet (HFD) group was fed fat from milk cream (rich in saturated fatty acids), and the HFD-GSO and HFD-GSO+R groups were fed fat from GSO in absence or presence of resveratrol (200 mg/kg/day), respectively. Glucose tolerance, metabolic profile, and inflammatory cytokines were determined. Histological studies were carried out in WAT and brown AT, RT-qPCR and western blot were used to determine the gene and protein expression. In the setting of obesity, our results unveil a novel nutritional value for winemaking by-products by which resveratrol-enriched GSO from Vitis vinifera L. in obesogenic diets favor WAT and immunometabolic homeostasis.
Bioactive peptides are related to the prevention and treatment of many diseases. GPETAFLR is an octapeptide that has been isolated from lupine (
Lupinus angustifolius
L.) and shows anti-inflammatory ...properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential activity of GPETAFLR to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard diet or HFD. Two of the groups fed the HFD diet were treated with GPETAFLR in drinking water at 0.5 mg kg
−1
day
−1
or 1 mg kg
−1
day
−1
. To determine the ability of GPETAFLR to improve the onset and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, histological studies, hepatic enzyme profiles, inflammatory cytokine and lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins were analysed. Our results suggested that HFD-induced inflammatory metabolic disorders were alleviated by treatment with GPETAFLR. In conclusion, dietary lupine consumption can repair HFD-induced hepatic damage possibly
via
modifications of liver's lipid signalling pathways.
A lupine (
Lupinus angustifolious
L.) peptide prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice.
Background and objectives: Recent studies have shown that lupine protein hydrolysates (LPH) could be an important source of bioactive peptides, especially showing anti-inflammatory activity. The ...present study aimed to test whether peptide GPETAFLR released from the enzymatic hydrolysis of lupine protein may modulate the inflammatory response in human primary monocytes. Methods: Freshly human monocytes were used to analyze the effects of GPETAFLR, after 24 hours of treatment at 50-100 μg/mL, on LPS-induced inflammatory response using FACS analysis, RT-qPCR, and ELISA procedures. Results: We report that GPETAFLR from LPH possesses anti-inflammatory properties in human monocytes. GPETAFLR skewed the monocyte plasticity towards the anti-inflammatory non-classical CD14+CD16++ monocytes and reduced the inflammatory competence of LPS-treated human monocytes diminishing IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-a production and gene expression. Results: Conclusions: Taken together, our results show that GPETAFLR has the potential to impair the activation of human primary monocytes and the derived inflammatory conditions, and suggest a new role for Lupinus angustifolius L. protein hydrolysate in the regulation of the pathogenesis of health disorders in which monocytes play a key role, including atherosclerosis and several chronic diseases.
Divinyl sulfone (DVS) has been used to activate agarose beads. The DVS activated agarose resulted quite stable in the pH range 5-10 at 25 degree C under wet conditions, and can react rapidly with ...alpha -amides of Cys and His, at pH 5-10, with Lys mainly at pH 10 and with Tyr in a much slower fashion. After blocking with different nucleophiles, the support lost all reactivity, confirming that this protocol could be useful as an enzyme-support reaction end point. Then, chymotrypsin was immobilized on this support at pH 5, 7 and 10. Even though the enzyme was immobilized at all pH values, the immobilization rate decreased with the pH value. The effect of the immobilization on the activity depended on the immobilization pH, at pH 7 the activity decreased (to 50%) more than at pH 10 (by a 25%), while at pH 5 the immobilization has no effect. Then, the effect of blocking with different reagents was analyzed. It was found that blocking with ethylenediamine improved the enzyme activity by 70% and gave the best stability. The stability of all enzyme preparations improved when 24 h incubation was performed at pH 10, but the qualitative stabilization depended on the inactivation conditions. The analysis of the amino acids of the preparation immobilized at pH 10 showed that Lys, Tyr and Cys residues were involved in the immobilization, involving a minimum of 10 residues (glyoxyl agarose gave 4 Lys involved in the immobilization). The new preparation was 4-5 fold more stable than glyoxyl agarose preparation, considered a very stable one, and in some instances was more active than the free enzyme (170% for the enzyme immobilized at pH 10). Thus, DVS activated supports are very promising to permit the multipoint covalent attachment of enzymes, and that way to improve their stability.
Objetivos Evaluar la eficacia de la planificación del alta y seguimiento en atención primaria de pacientes mayores de 65 años, para disminuir la tasa de reingresos y la reducción del tiempo hasta el ...reingreso. Diseño Ensayo clínico controlado, no aleatorizado. Emplazamiento Área Sanitaria 8 de Madrid. Participantes Mayores de 65 años que ingresaran procedentes de sus domicilios con las patologías de estudio. Participaron en el estudio 97 pacientes, 49 en el grupo intervención y 48 en el grupo control. Intervenciones El personal de enfermería de enlace realizaba visitas cada 48 horas y proporcionaba educación sanitaria al cuidador y al paciente. Los pacientes en el grupo control recibieron la atención convencional. El personal de enfermería de atención primaria contactó telefónicamente con los pacientes de ambos grupos a las 2, 6, 12 y 24 semanas después de su alta hospitalaria. Mediciones Se registró el reingreso por la misma causa y el tiempo hasta el reingreso. Resultados Los pacientes del grupo control ingresaron con más frecuencia que los del grupo experimental (OR = 3,3; IC del 95%, 1,13-9,52; ajustado por el diagnóstico al ingreso). El resultado concordaba al realizar un análisis considerando el tiempo hasta el reingreso (HR = 2, 29; IC del 95%, 1,03-5,10; ajustando de la misma manera). Conclusiones Una intervención planificada del alta con una valoración integral individualizada disminuye los reingresos y el tiempo hasta el reingreso en mayores de 65 años.
Twelve Spanish laboratories collected 325 yeast clinical isolates during a 30 day's period, among them 224 Candida albicans, 30 Candida glabrata, and 27 Candida parapsilosis. In vitro antifungal ...susceptibility to amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole was determined by an agar diffusion test (Neo-Sensitabs, Rosco, Denmark). All the isolates tested were susceptible in vitroto amphotericin B and nearly all (97.2%) to itraconazole. In vitrosusceptibility to fluconazole and ketoconazole was high (90.2% and 91.4% of isolates, respectively) but showed variations depending on the species tested. Resistance to fluconazole and ketoconazole was low in C. albicans (4% and 3%, respectively), but 30% of Candida guilliermondii and 36% of C. glabrata isolates were resistant to fluconazole. Ketoconazole resistance was observed in 40% of C. glabrata, and 17% of Candida tropicalis. Resistance to antifungal drugs is very low in Spain and it is related to non-C. albicans isolates.
The agar diffusion method Neo-Sensitabs for sensitivity testing, was evaluated with 33 reference strains by fourteen laboratories. Tablets with 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B, nystatin, ...fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and tioconazole were used on Shadomy modified medium. These tests classify each strain as susceptible, intermediate or resistant to all tested antifungals by measuring the inhibition zone diameters. Intra and interlaboratory reproducibility was studied. Neo-Sensitabs sensitivity for fungi was easy to perform and reliable method with a reproducibility of 97.1% and superior to other commercialized methods, being specially interesting for antifungal susceptibility in vitro testing of triazole derivatives fluconazole and itraconazole.
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