•Water soluble complexes of pectin with Ca, Mg, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn are synthesized.•Complexation is established by NMR, IR, ESR and AFM methods.•Antianemic activity of Na,Fe and Na,Ca,Fe pectin ...complexes is studied in rats.•The complexes prevent erythropoiesis disorders in rats after the loss of blood.
New water–soluble pectin complexes with Ca2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ on the basis of pectin biopolymer have been synthesized and successfully tested on white rats. For a starting, we have obtained a sodium pectate to enhance solubility of target complexes as a whole. Shortly afterwards, running the reaction of ligand exchange of Nа+ ions with corresponding s-, d- metal cations we were able to synthesize new pectin complexes. The ranges of s-, d-metals salts concentrations were detected experimentally, in which the selective formation of water-soluble complexes occurred. Antianemic effect of new pectin complexes with Na, Fe and Na, Ca, Fe was investigated on white rats with posthemorrhagic anemia. Under the effect of complexes, the improvement of animals and prevention of erythropoiesis disorders were observed. Antianemic effect of the complexes manifested itself in the doses equivalent to 25% or 50% of the iron daily rate, recommended in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia with the drugs based on iron sulphate.
Searching for new ways of converting carbon dioxide into value-added products, such as fuels, is a relevant task of our time. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, ...hydrocarbons and alcohols is considered as one of the main approaches in this area. One of the most advanced approaches is the use of coordination polymers for homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis of carbon dioxide reduction. We obtained coordination pectin biopolymers with different nickel ions contents (PG-NaNi). The structure and composition of the obtained biopolymers were characterized by such physicochemical methods as IR and ICP-AE spectroscopy. Morphology of PG-NaNi on a glassy carbon surface provides very high surface to volume ratio. Cyclic voltammetry on the modified glassy carbon working electrode in water solution saturated with carbon dioxide shows catalytic properties of PG-NaNi for CO2 reduction reaction.
In this paper, we report a simple and cheap method for obtaining iron-containing nanoparticles on the surface of glassy carbon by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a sodium pectate complex with ...iron. Such transition metal complexes have previously been proposed as homogeneous or heterogeneous (for example, in a composite) catalysts for a number of electrochemical reactions. Here we demonstrate a different approach, using the complex as a precursor to obtain nanoparticles.
One of the promising directions in the development of catalysts for hydrogen evolution and carbon dioxide reduction reactions is the creation of coordination biopolymers incorporating noble metal ...ions. This work reports on a composite containing a sodium pectate complex with manganese, which exhibits catalytic activity towards these reactions. The overpotential for water reduction in the presence of the deposited nanocomposite was reduced by more than 1000 mV. Chromatographic analysis of the products of water electroreduction on the nanocomposite surface showed the presence of molecular hydrogen.
New pharmacological compositions based on water-soluble pectin metal complexes PG-NaCaFe and PG-NaFeCoCu (PG is polygalacturonate) in weight ratios of 6: 1, 9: 1, and 12: 1 promising for pharmacology ...and medicine as drugs for the treatment of both iron deficiency and pernicious anemia are developed. According to the testing results on males of the Sprague Dawley rat line
in vivo
, the most pronounced increase in the number of erythrocytes and hematocrit is observed upon the introduction of the composition with the 9: 1 PG-NaCaFe to PG-NaFeCoCu weight ratio indicating the highest efficiency of this complex drug.
•Pectin-based complexes with antimicrobial drug Tetracycline were developed.•The formation of water-soluble complexes was confirmed by IR, UV and NMR spectroscopy.•The obtained compounds show good ...antimicrobial properties.•The complexes are promising for use in the food industry and in pharmacology.
This research studied the formation of sodium polygalacturonate complexes with the antimicrobial drug "Tetracycline". The formation was confirmed by IR, UV and NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that the complexes were formed by electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding. The complexes demonstrated a high degree of drug binding to the polysaccharide matrix with the maximum content of tetracycline (6.68 wt %). The study of the antimicrobial activity of obtained compounds against S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli showed no decrease in the antimicrobial effect compared to source tetracycline. Thus, the future research towards the new design compounds based on studied complexes could make contribution to a new generation of drugs based on pectin biopolymers.
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•New antianemic polygalacturonate-based pharmacological substance (PS) was synthesized.•The PS sodium, calcium, iron-polygalacturonate was tested in rabbits.•No acute toxicity of PS ...given orally was revealed in doses up to 5 g/kg.•No chronic toxicity of PS was revealed in doses up to 0.5 g/kg for 60 days.
The purpose of this study is the assessment of the acute and chronic toxicity of pharmacological substance sodium, calcium, iron-polygalacturonate (PG Na,Ca,Fe) in rabbits as one of the stages of preclinical studies. We studied an acute and chronic oral toxicity of PG Na,Ca,Fe, which stimulates the process of hemopoiesis, in male and female rabbits of the “Chinchilla”. According to the results of the study of acute toxicity of PG Na,Ca,Fe, treating with it the rabbits of both sexes in doses of 0.5–5 g/kg has no toxic effect (LD50 greater than 5 g/kg). The histostructure of studied organs of animals, treated with preparations in a dose of 5 g/kg, did not differ from that of the animals of the control group. This study allow to classify PG Na,Ca,Fe as a preparation of the 6th class with respect to harmless drugs. An estimate of the chronic toxicity of PG Na,Ca,Fe at administration of preparation in the form of boluses to rabbits in doses 0.025, 0.262 and 0.5 g/kg of the body weight demonstrated that the general condition and behavior of animals did not differ from the norm. The data of hematological and biochemical studies of blood serum and urine, electrocardiographic studies, the study of the mass coefficients of the internal organs of the experimental rabbits, treated with PG Na,Ca,Fe in the mentioned doses for 60 days, compared to those obtained in the 30-day post-observation period, did not show significant changes with respect to the control and intact group of rabbits.
The formation of complexes of sodium polygalacturonate with the antimicrobial drug tetracycline was confirmed by UV spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. The ...stoichiometry of the complexes with the maximum tetracycline content (6.68 wt.%) was determined. The morphological characteristics of the synthesized complexes were studied by scanning electron microscopy in comparison with the initial compounds.
Biodegradation is an important method for the purification of industrial sewage and environment from chemical wastes. The biodegradation of elemental yellow (white) phosphorus was observed only in ...our studies. It is one of the most hazardous contaminants of environment. White phosphorus and its transformation products are used in industry, agriculture, drug manufacture, and military. For the first time, we have obtained cultures of microorganisms growing in media containing white phosphorus in concentration much higher than the threshold limit concentration in sewage. Elemental phosphorus is the strongest poison as reduced compounds and phosphate esters. However, in completely oxidized state (inorganic phosphates) it is a biogenic element necessary for all forms of life. Earth biomass consists of phosphorus almost by 3%. Prospects of the biodegradation of toxic phosphorus compounds, and elemental phosphorus are huge. The practical implementation of new deactivation method showing a number of advantages will allow one to reduce considerably fines imposed on plants producing and consuming yellow phosphorus.
In the present study, the mechanisms of
Aspergillus niger
AM1 and AM2 resistance to white phosphorus were studied. It was shown that the presence of white phosphorus (P
4
) at a concentration of ...0.25% in the medium had a marginal impact on the ratio of living to dead cells during fungal cultivation, which indicates a high resistance of the strains to P
4
. Observations made with electron microscopy showed an increase in the thickness of the fungal cell wall, which is a barrier to the penetration of white phosphorus. MALDI results revealed the biosynthesis of new protein enzymes that could potentially participate in the neutralization of white phosphorus. In addition, white phosphorus caused activation of the metabolism, accompanied by an increase in the number of mitochondria in the cells.
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