Objective
The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype is characterized by abdominal obesity and high levels of triglycerides. In a cross‐sectional assessment of PREDIMED‐Plus trial participants ...at baseline, HTGW phenotype prevalence was evaluated, associated risk factors were analyzed, and the lifestyle of individuals with metabolic syndrome and HTGW was examined.
Methods
A total of 6,874 individuals aged 55 to 75 with BMI ≥ 27 and < 40 kg/m2 were included and classified by presence (HTGW+) or absence (HTGW−) of HTGW (waist circumference: men ≥ 102 cm, women ≥ 88 cm; fasting plasma triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL). Analytical parameters and lifestyle (energy intake and expenditure) were analyzed.
Results
A total of 38.2% of the sample met HTGW+ criteria. HTGW+ individuals tended to be younger, have a greater degree of obesity, be sedentary, and be tobacco users. They had higher peripheral glucose, total cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; had lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; and had increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and physical activity were greater in HTGW− patients. Age, BMI, tobacco use, total energy expenditure, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and MedDiet adherence were associated with HTGW+.
Conclusions
HTGW is a highly prevalent phenotype in this population associated with younger age, higher BMI, tobacco use, and decreased MedDiet adherence. HTGW− individuals were more physically active with greater total physical activity, and fewer had hypertension.
Scope
To examine the association between milk and dairy products intake and the prevalence of cognitive decline among Spanish individuals at high cardiovascular risk.
Methods and results
...Cross‐sectional analyses are performed on baseline data from 6744 adults (aged 55–75 years old). Intake of milk and dairy products is estimated using a food frequency questionnaire grouped into quartiles. The risk of developing cognitive impairment is based on the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE).
A higher prevalence of cognitive decline was found in subjects who consumed more grams. Patients with worse MMSE score (10–24) consumed a mean of 395.14 ± 12.21 g, while patients with better MMSE score (27–30) consumed a mean of 341.23 ± 2.73 g (p < 0.05). Those subjects with the lower milk consumption (<220 g/day) had a higher MMSE score (28.35 ± 0.045). Higher intake of fermented dairy products was observed in participants with a lower MMSE score (OR 1.340, p = 0.003). A positive correlation was found between the consumption of whole milk and the MMSE score (r = 0.066, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that greater consumption of milk and dairy products could be associated with greater cognitive decline according to MMSE. Conversely, consumption of whole‐fat milk could be linked with less cognitive impairment in the cross‐sectional study.
There are controversial results about potential impact that milk and dairy product consumption have on cognitive decline. It is observed that extensive consumption of milk and dairy products is found in those subjects with worse cognitive function. Higher milk and dairy intake were found in participants with lower MMSE scores. Conversely, whole‐fat milk and dairy product intake may play a protective role in cognitive impairment, as higher whole‐fat dairy products had better results in MMSE.
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