In this work, we have studied the effect of three-nucleon interaction on the neutron stars structure. In our calculations, we have considered the neutron star matter as a beta-stable nuclear matter. ...We have put the results concerning the TBF effect in perspective against two-body results and other calculations of three-nucleon interactions, using the Urbana
v
14
potential and the parabolic approximation of the nuclear matter energy for approximating the problem of asymmetric nuclear matter. As such, solving the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation, we have estimated bulk properties of neutron stars and investigated how the present calculations would agree with the expected dynamical stability condition.
Summary
This study evaluated the effects of physical form of starter feed and forage provision on the performance, blood metabolites, liver composition and intestinal morphology of dairy calves. ...Individually housed calves (n = 52; body weight = 41.5 ± 2.5 kg) were randomly allocated (n = 13 per treatment) to one of the following four treatments: (i) ground starter feed (GS; mean particle size = 0.72 mm in diameter), (ii) textured starter feed (TS; mean particle size = 3.61 mm in diameter, including steam‐flaked corn and barley), (iii) pelleted starter feed (PS; mean particle size = 4.53 mm in diameter) and (iv) ground starter feed with chopped alfalfa hay (GS + AH; mean particle size = 1.02 mm in diameter). The calves fed GS + AH diets had greater (p < 0.01) starter intake, final body weight and average daily gain compared with the other groups, while GS and TS groups both had greater (p < 0.01) starter intake than the PS group. Feed efficiency was found to be better (p < 0.05) in the TS group than in the GS or PS group, but not different from the GS + AH one. Compared with the other groups, the GS + AH group had the highest (p < 0.01), while the PS one had the lowest (p < 0.01) concentrations of blood glucose and triglyceride. The calves fed GS + AH had the highest blood concentrations of total protein, globulin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4), T3 : T4 ratio (p < 0.05) and levels of fat and glycogen in the liver (p < 0.01) compared with the other groups. The highest (p < 0.05) liver glycogen contents were observed in the GS + AH and TS groups. The duodenum, ileum and jejunum in the calves fed GS + AH exhibited a greater muscle layer thickness (p < 0.05) compared with the other groups. Based on the results obtained, the addition of dietary forage to starter diets positively influenced performance, liver composition and intestinal morphology in developing calves.
Employing the concept of three-body radial distribution function and using the two-body correlation functions, calculated based on the lowest order constrained variational method, we investigated the ...effect of the three-body force (TBF) on the nuclear matter properties, for Argonne and Urbana v14 potentials. As such, the results for nuclear matter density, incompressibility, energy per nucleon, and symmetry energy are presented at the saturation point. The inclusion of a phenomenological TBF resulted in closer values of the saturation density, incompressibility, and symmetry energy to the empirical ones for the symmetric nuclear matter. This is especially the case for the Urbana v14 potential. In addition, an empirically-verified parabolic approximation of the interaction energy was utilized to perform an approximate study of the nuclear matter with neutron excess. Hence, at densities higher than about 0.3 fm−3 and for proton-to-neutron density ratios close to the symmetric nuclear matter, the inclusion of TBF resulted in an extra attraction for the Argonne as compared to the Urbana v14 potential.
The understanding of the effect of cell structure on the electromagnetic absorption properties can help to optimize foam structures for different applications. In this research, foams with different ...air volume percent, spherical and polygonal cell shapes, cell densities in the range of 104–1010cell/cm3 and cell sizes ranging from 2.8 to 370.3μm are produced using an automatic and controllable supercritical CO2 foaming system. The results showed that foaming of PMMA/MWCNT composites resulted in a 60% reduction in electromagnetic reflection and a 96% increase in specific electromagnetic absorption. The percolation threshold of foams with polygonal cell shape is found to occur at higher MWCNT loading than spherical cell shapes. Electromagnetic reflection is independent of cell density and cell size, while absorption was improved for about 34% with increasing cell density and decreasing cell size, indicating an enhancement of the multiple reflection mechanism.
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•PMMA/MWCNT composite foams were fabricated using a fully automatic and controllable supercritical CO2 foaming system.•Foaming reduced the electromagnetic reflection and enhanced the specific electromagnetic absorption.•Maximum specific electromagnetic absorption of foamed composites was 96%/(g/cm3).•The electromagnetic percolation threshold was found to be cell shape dependent.•Electromagnetic absorption was improved by increasing cell density and decreasing cell size.
Background: Age related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the most frequent cause of blindness among the elderly. Obesity may be one of the risk factors of ARMD as suggested, yet not proved, by several ...studies. This study assesses the relation between body mass index (BMI) and the incidence of ARMD Methods: This case-control study included 50 patients with ARMD and 80 subjects who were adjusted for age, sex, cigarette smoking, blood pressure, and diabetes. Data analysis was performed by SPSS V9.0 using Student’s t and χ2 tests. Results: 42% of the subjects in the case group and 35% of those in the control group were men. Mean age of subjects in the case and control groups was 69.9 years (62–77 years) and 64.08 years (56–71 years), respectively. Mean BMI measured 25.38 (range 21–29) and 30.24 (26–34) in the case and control groups, respectively (p>0.05). 12% of subjects in the case group were obese, 42% were overweight, and 14% were lean. 22.5% of subjects in the control group were obese, 45% were overweight, and 7.5% were lean (p>0.05). Conclusion: 43% of patients in this study were aged 70 years or older, which is similar to other studies. There was no significant difference in BMI between the case and control groups. Recent studies indicate that obesity is a probable risk factor for progression of ARMD, but there is no significant relation with the presence of ARMD. With multifactorial analysis, the authors could identify no significant relation between the presence of ARMD and the studied risk factors.
This study aims to assess the quality of two sources of surface winds, i.e. the ECMWF (European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts) modeled and the measured data, for wave modeling in the ...Persian Gulf. A third generation model, i.e. SWAN was employed for wave simulation and the results were compared with the recorded wave data. It was found that ECMWF underestimates the wind magnitude and the results of the wave modeling need to be modified. In addition, it was revealed that the adaptation of the model parameters cannot lead to a comprehensive improvement of the model’s results. The calibration of the wave model for high waves led to the overestimation of low waves. On the other hand, the employed measured wind data was found to be a relatively good source for wave hindcasting at the studied location. Extreme value analysis was also conducted based on the measured and modeled wave data to investigate the influence of wave simulation on the estimation of design wave height. It was found that the Weibull distribution is better fitted to the measured and modeled wave data. Modeled wave heights forced by the ECMWF wind showed a different behavior compared with the measured and modeled wave heights forced by the measured wind from the viewpoint of the exceedance probability. A marginal difference was found between extreme wave heights obtained from measured and modeled data.
The Super FRagment Separator (Super-FRS) at the FAIR facility will be the largest in-flight separator of heavy ions in the world. One of the essential steps in the separation procedure is to stop the ...unwanted ions with beam collimators. In one of the most common situations, the heavy ions are produced by a fission reaction of a primary 238U-beam (1.5 GeV u) hitting a 12C target (2.5 g cm2). In this situation, some of the produced ions are highly charged states of 238U. These ions can reach the collimators with energies of up to 1.3 GeV u and a power of up to 500 W. Under these conditions, a cooling system is required to prevent damage to the collimators and to the corresponding electronics. Due to the highly radioactive environment, both the collimators and the cooling system must be suitable for robot handling. Therefore, an active cooling system is undesirable because of the increased possibility of malfunctioning and other complications. By using thermal simulations (performed with NX9 of Siemens PLM), the possibility of passive cooling is explored. The validity of these simulations is tested by independent comparison with other simulation programs and by experimental verification. The experimental verification is still under analysis, but preliminary results indicate that the explored passive cooling option provides sufficient temperature reduction.
Background and Aim: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) appears to be more common in osteoporotic patients. Fractal analysis is a mathematical method that can be used to assess trabecular ...bone. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of bone mineral density (BMD) and fractal dimension (FD) of the condyles in women with TMJOA using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the FD and lacunarity of the condylar head were assessed on CBCT images of 39 women (20 healthy women with no signs/symptoms of TMJOA, and 19 TMJOA patients). The BMD and the T-score of the hip and lumbar vertebrae were determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: TMJOA patients and healthy controls did not differ significantly in terms of the mean age (P=0.63), BMD and T-score (P>0.05), or FD and lacunarity (P>0.05). A significant correlation was observed, however, between lacunarity in the two condyles (r=0.47, P=0.003) and BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the hip (r=0.40, P=0.01). Conclusion: The mean BMD of total spine and hip did not differ significantly in the two groups of healthy controls and TMJOA patients. The FD and lacunarity also showed no significant difference between the groups. FD based on CBCT images of the TMJ is not a reliable indicator for categorization of skeletal status.
Tests of optical glues for the PANDA electromagnetic calorimeter Dbeyssi, A.; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.; Hennino, T. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
09/2013, Letnik:
722
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper reports on the results of tests for low temperature applications of two commercial optical glues in the electromagnetic calorimeter of PANDA at FAIR. Mechanical, thermal and optical ...properties are presented, as well as radiation hardness to photon and proton radiation.
Wave characteristics are one of the most important factors in design of coastal and marine structures. Therefore, an accurate prediction of wave parameters is considerably important. In this paper, ...SWAN and MIKE 21 SW third generation spectral models have been used for the prediction of wave parameters. The field data set of Lake Erie has been used for testing the performance of the models. Significant wave height
(
H
s
)
, peak spectral period
(
T
p
)
and mean wave direction were hindcasted in the study. Both models were forced by temporally varying wind. The results show that the average scatter index of SWAN is about 16% for
H
s
and 19% for
T
p
; while the average scatter index of MIKE 21 SW is about 20% and 13% for
H
s
and
T
p
, respectively. The inconsistency between the results of the models was found to be due to differences between the wind input parameterizations. Using Komen’s formulation for the wind input led to a more accurate prediction of
H
s
rather than using Janssen’s formulation for the wind input. It was also found that using the cumulative steepness method for whitecapping dissipation in SWAN model yields a less accurate estimation of
H
s
and a more accurate estimation of
T
p
. By using this method, the average scatter index increased about 7% for
H
s
prediction and decreased more than 6% for
T
p
prediction. In addition, the computational time required for cumulative steepness method is more than 2 times of Komen’s option. Both models were also evaluated for the prediction of wave direction and it was found that MIKE 21 SW results are slightly more accurate than those of SWAN.
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