One of the most important concepts and indicators in the Islamic Economic System is fairness. The present study intends to examine this important rule in the economics literature and Islamic texts in ...order to analyze its various dimensions and aspects. In the present study, the functions of fairness are described in four field in the legal system of economy, international trade, transactions and banking. The added value of the present research is that fairness is one of the policy instruments for evaluating and monitoring the Economic System performance. Finally, some teachings of this important rule are presented to improve domestic and international Economic Systems. Institutionalizing and realizing fairness in the Economic System leads to the justice of the information system, reduce the control cost, realize the fair system of information flow in order to secure the right, fairness in determining the production profit or the added value of commodity, resolve the problem of transparency and symmetry of information in financial markets, the social balance in economic issues, improve the accountability in Economic System.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to promote governance quality by presenting a school of government model.
Design/methodology/approach
To this end, seven schools were selected from among 25 ...outstanding existing schools of government by purposive sampling. Subsequently, these schools were carefully examined and categorized into primary and support processes through a comparative study and the categorical content analysis approach.
Findings
The resulting four primary processes of education, research and agenda-setting, discourse-making and networking, and training and cadre-building, and the five sub-systems of schools of government were extracted. The outputs of the school of government model were classified into the three categories of training cadres experienced in public policy and administration, discourse-making and influencing the environment and theorizing. Finally, the extracted categories were approved by the relevant experts through the fuzzy Delphi method.
Originality/value
This paper can contribute to the training of policymakers and policy researchers, as well as to the establishment, and more effective management, of schools of government.
Social innovation (SI) is one of the latest approaches for empowering the public sector (PS). Because of the bureaucratic nature of the PS, implementation of social innovations in PS faces many ...challenges. This study is trying to identify and prioritize these barriers and challenges focusing on the judicial sector. This study has used a mixed-method. In the qualitative stage, by reviewing the literature and applying the focus group interview method with 12 experts, 40 barriers and challenges were organized into seven categories. In the quantitative step, 18 experts that were identified based on the purposive sampling method have answered the questionnaire and the challenges were prioritized using a fuzzy TOPSIS method. The results showed that the lack of a proper regulatory system for social innovators is the main challenge the SI faces in the judicial system. Finally, structural, functional, and behavioral recommendations were provided to remove these barriers.
La innovación social (IS) es uno de los últimos enfoques para potenciar el sector público (SP). Debido a la naturaleza burocrática del SP, la implementación de innovaciones sociales en el SP se ...enfrenta a muchos retos. Este estudio trata de identificar y priorizar estas barreras y desafíos centrándose en el sector judicial. Este estudio ha utilizado un método mixto. En la etapa cualitativa, mediante la revisión de la literatura y la aplicación de entrevistas a grupos focales con la participación de 12 expertos, se identificaron 40 barreras y desafíos en siete categorías. En la etapa cuantitativa, 18 expertos fueron identificados, en base al método de muestreo intencional y los retos fueron priorizados utilizando el método TOPSIS difuso. Los resultados mostraron que la falta de un sistema regulador adecuado para los innovadores sociales es el principal reto al que se enfrenta la IS en el sistema judicial. Por último, se ofrecieron recomendaciones estructurales, funcionales y de comportamiento para eliminar estas barreras. Palabras clave: innovación; innovación social; innovación participativa; innovación abierta; sector público; sistema judicial. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir.23-1.4
Recently, schools of governance have been in vogue in different countries in order to study specific governance issues and to propose solutions. Having understood the necessity to form such schools ...in the country, the researchers aimed to investigate the elected schools of governance and to extract sub-systems of such schools. The data were collected from the libraries and were analyzed through content analysis. The validity of the results was approved using fuzzy Delphi method. The results indicated that the sub-systems and the activities in schools of governance were identified to be either among the main activities or supportive activities. The four main activities including educational system, research system, training system and the agenda setting, along with discoursing and networking systems shaped the main processes in the schools of governance in the form of 39subcategories. Supportive processes in schools of governance are identified to exist in four main categories including architecture and physical construction of the school, social structure and the pattern of the administration, finance and budget system, and financial support and academic support system. These supportive activities were further classified into28 subcategories.
Policy instruments, as the most important part of the policy-making process, have an important role in the designing and implementation of policy. In order to implement the meta policies of the ...administrative system, various instruments have been used, which in practice have not led to the implementation of these policies. present study seeks to analyze and pathology instruments for the implementation of meta policies of the administrative system. In the present study, based on Targeted Sampling, experts and Professors of the administrative system were identified. After conducting semi-structured deep interview with them, the data were coded using thematic analysis method and the web of themes was discovered with 4 Global Themes, 19 organizing themes and 184 basic themes. Findings showed that, firstly, unfortunately, the insights and policy contexts for tooling in the administrative system are not considered, and secondly, there are serious weaknesses and challenges in the design of structural and process instruments, functional instruments and capacity building instruments,That reason of the non-implementation of the meta policies of the administrative system
One of the most important concepts and indicators in the Islamic Economic System is fairness. The present study intends to examine this important rule in the economics literature and Islamic texts in ...order to analyze its various dimensions and aspects. In the present study, the functions of fairness are described in four field in the legal system of economy, international trade, transactions and banking. The added value of the present research is that fairness is one of the policy instruments for evaluating and monitoring the Economic System performance. Finally, some teachings of this important rule are presented to improve domestic and international Economic Systems. Institutionalizing and realizing fairness in the Economic System leads to the justice of the information system, reduce the control cost, realize the fair system of information flow in order to secure the right, fairness in determining the production profit or the added value of commodity, resolve the problem of transparency and symmetry of information in financial markets, the social balance in economic issues, improve the accountability in Economic System.
The most important point considered in this research was determining the rate of infection caused by IBR virus in Yazd province. The study was conducted on 804 blood samples collected from cows ...living in different areas of Yazd province. After performing ELISA test it was found out that 381 cows (47.52%) showed positive reaction. The rate of infection in cows which had previous abortion record was 59%. The rate of positive reaction in pregnant cows was 48% and in non pregnant cows was 52%. 77.8% of the herds had at least one IBR seropositive cow. The minimum and the maximum rate of infection in herds were 0% and 100%. The rate of infection in traditional, industrial and semiindustrial herds was 55%, 47% and 46% respectively. The maximum infection rate was estimated 53% at 5-6 years old group.
The most important point considered in this research was determining the rate of infection caused by BVD virus in Yazd province. The study was conducted on 806 blood samples collected from cows ...living in different areas of Yazd province. After performing ELISA test it was found out that 520 cows (64.5%) showed positive reaction. The rate of infection in cows which had previous abortion record was 69.6%. The rate of positive reaction in pregnant cows was 65.6% and in non pregnant cows was 58.7%. 90.3% of the herds had at least one IBR seropositive cow. The minimum and the maximum rate of infection in herds were 0% and 100%. The rate of infection in traditional, industrial and semiindustrial herds was 76%, 64.9% and 51.1% respectively. The maximum infection rate was estimated 85% at 5-6 years old group.
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