Developing an instrument to measure and compare mathematics and science content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical knowledge (PK) of teachers who graduated from Teacher Training University (TTU) with ...those of teachers who graduated from other universities in Iran was the primary purpose of this study. A total of 226 teachers were selected using a two-stage cluster random sampling, which included 84 teachers graduating from TTU and 142 teachers from other universities. The data were collected using mathematics, science CK, PK, and NEO tests to measure teachers’ personality traits. The findings indicated a significant difference between the two groups of teachers in the CK tests, favoring TTU graduates. However, it was found that the two groups did not perform differently in the PK tests.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic declaration in 2019 required schools and universities to close, challenging students and their education. The mandatory stay-at-home quarantine rules and change to ...online education accentuate how mental health plays a crucial role in maintaining performance during challenging times. Coping self-efficacy (CSE) is associated with higher mental health levels and resilience to distress. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate students’ CSE and related factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, CSE scores and demographic characteristics of the participants were evaluated through online questionnaires. A total of 364 medical students from Tabriz University Medical Sciences completed the questionnaires and were included in the study. CSE scores of students and their demographic characteristics were obtained, and the analysis was performed using a t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: Of those included, 37.1% were males and the mean CSE score of the students was 83.75±24.8. Students’ type of residence was found to be significantly related to their CSE scores (P=0.003). Students living with their spouses had the highest CSE scores, while those living with their parents had the lowest CSE scores. The association of CSE scores with gender, marital status, academic year of study, and source of income was not significant. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, students living with their parents had the lowest CSE scores. CSE plays a crucial role in managing distressful events, and our findings may be useful in identifying groups prone to stressful factors and help enhance future educational policies and planning.
Background: The current study was conducted to explore the level of career resilience among nurses working in medical centers affiliated with the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, and examine ...whether organizational education and other characteristics, such as background variables, have any effect on that resilience. This is of particular importance in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in nurses playing a more prominent role than other medical staff when dealing with infected patients and consequentially experiencing a greater impact on their career resilience. Methods: This research study was a descriptive correlational design using a stratified sampling technique. A total of 351 participants, all nurses from medical education centers affiliated with the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, were selected. Questionnaires covering career resilience, organizational education, and demographic items were used to collect the data. SPSS 22 was used to carry out the analyses, including t-tests, Pearson correlations, and linear regression tests. Results: The results showed that nurses had an average career resilience score of 56.4 out of a possible 100 with an average organizational education score of 48.6. Bivariate relationships revealed statistically significant associations between career resilience and organizational education (P<0.001), years of employment (P<0.001), and education level (P<0.05). Although there was no statistically significant relationship between career resilience and sex in the bivariate analysis, sex was found to be significant in the multivariable analysis (P<0.05). Conclusion: Organizational education is essential for nurses to maintain career resilience. To that end, hospitals and medical education centers should offer regular programs centered on enhancing career resilience and helping nurses manage job-related stress.
This study explores the sources of variability in achievement in science for Singaporean students as a function of student-, classroom, and school-level factors. Using the 2007 Trends in the ...International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) dataset, the science achievement scores and questionnaire responses of 4599 eighth-graders from 326 classrooms of 164 schools were analysed. A three-level multilevel linear modelling was employed; the results indicate that the student- and school-level differences, equally, accounted for about one-fifth of the total variance in science achievement. In contrast, more than one-half of the total variance was accounted for by the classroom-level differences. Science self-concept, teaching limitations, and school climate as perceived by the school principals were the strongest predictors of science achievement at the student, classroom, and school levels, respectively.
► Science achievement in Singaporean students is driven largely by classroom-level differences. ► The contribution of the student- and school-level factors to achievement is alike. ► Self-concept, teaching limitation and school climate are the strongest predictors of science achievement.
This paper identifies the amount of variance in mathematics achievement in high- and low-achieving schools that can be explained by school-level factors, while controlling for student-level factors. ...The data were obtained from 2679 Iranian eighth graders who participated in the 2007 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study. Of the total sample, 1422 and 1257 students were from high- and low-achieving schools, respectively. Two-level hierarchical linear modelling was applied. The results indicated that of the total variance in mathematics achievement, 27.95 and 6.70% were due to between-school differences in the high- and low-achieving schools, respectively. Controlling for the school-level factors, the better-performing students were those with a higher level of confidence in learning mathematics in both samples. After controlling for the student-level factors, inadequacies in school resources and school type yielded the strongest link to achievement in the high- and low-achieving schools, respectively.
The author aimed to investigate the variability in science achievement as a function of student-, school- and country-level factors. Achievement scores of 134,123 eighth-grade students from 4,511 ...schools of 29 countries who participated in the 2007 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study were analyzed. Multilevel modeling results showed that science achievement was driven largely by student-level factors. Students scored higher when they had more self-confidence in learning science, came from home with a higher level of family background, were boys, spent less time on nonacademic activities, and did job at home. Schools averaged higher when they had positive school climate, were located in urban areas, and there was no problem with attendance at school and shortages in resources for science instruction.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
One of the most important issues affecting future world is managing the existing water resources. There is no doubt that global warming has created significant troubles on people's lives and it has ...caused shortage of water in the world. Therefore, we need to manage the water resources by allocating appropriate methods. In this paper, we use data envelopment analysis to measure the relative efficiency of fourteen different irrigation methods. The proposed model of this paper uses four inputs including cost, risk, maintenance and expertise and two outputs including flexibility and durability of irrigation methods. The preliminary results indicate that two surface irrigation methods, one sprinkler irrigation method and one subsurface irrigation technique are considered efficient. Other irrigation techniques are only as much as 50 to 94 percent efficient compared with these five irrigation techniques
Achievement in mathematics of eighth-grade students is modeled as a function of within-school, between-school and cross-country differences. The data were obtained from 217,728 students, within 7,216 ...secondary schools, in 48 countries, who participated in the 2007 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study. Multilevel analysis showed that out of the total variance in mathematics achievement, 40.39%, 20.61%, and 38.99% were accounted for within-school, between-school-within-country, and cross-country differences, respectively. Mathematics self-concept followed by socioeconomic status was the strongest predictor of achievement at the student level. At the school level, school location yielded the strongest link to achievement, while at the country level socioeconomic status was the main predictor of national mathematics average.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
