In this work, the adsorption of lead(II) was studied on activated carbon prepared from
Tamarind wood with zinc chloride activation. Adsorption studies were conducted in the range of 10–50
mg/l ...initial lead(II) concentration and at temperature in the range of 10–50
°C. The experimental data were analyzed by the Freundlich isotherm and the Langmuir isotherm. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich model with maximum adsorption capacity of 43.85
mg/g. The rates of adsorption were found to confirm to pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation and the overall rate of lead(II) uptake was found to be controlled by pore diffusion, film diffusion and particle diffusion, throughout the entire adsorption period. Boyd plot confirmed that external mass transfer was the rate-limiting step in the sorption process. Different thermodynamic parameters, viz., Δ
H°, Δ
S° and Δ
G° have also been evaluated and it has been found that the sorption was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The results indicate that the
Tamarind wood activated could be used to effectively adsorb lead(II) from aqueous solutions.
In his award-winning bookThe Philosophy of Edmund Husserl: A Historical Development, J. N. Mohanty charted Husserl's philosophical development from the young man's earliest studies-informed by his ...work as a mathematician-to the publication of hisIdeasin 1913. In this welcome new volume, the author takes up the final decades of Husserl's life, addressing the work of his Freiburg period, from 1916 until his death in 1938.
As in his earlier work, Mohanty here offers close readings of Husserl's main texts accompanied by accurate summaries, informative commentaries, and original analyses. This book, along with its companion volume, completes the most up-to-date, well-informed, and comprehensive account ever written on Husserl's phenomenological philosophy and its development.
High yielding rice varieties are usually low in grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content. These two micronutrients are involved in many enzymatic activities, lack of which cause many disorders in human ...body. Bio-fortification is a cheaper and easier way to improve the content of these nutrients in rice grain.
A population panel was prepared representing all the phenotypic classes for grain Fe-Zn content from 485 germplasm lines. The panel was studied for genetic diversity, population structure and association mapping of grain Fe-Zn content in the milled rice. The population showed linkage disequilibrium showing deviation of Hardy-Weinberg's expectation for Fe-Zn content in rice. Population structure at K = 3 categorized the panel population into distinct sub-populations corroborating with their grain Fe-Zn content. STRUCTURE analysis revealed a common primary ancestor for each sub-population. Novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) namely qFe3.3 and qFe7.3 for grain Fe and qZn2.2, qZn8.3 and qZn12.3 for Zn content were detected using association mapping. Four QTLs, namely qFe3.3, qFe7.3, qFe8.1 and qFe12.2 for grain Fe content were detected to be co-localized with qZn3.1, qZn7, qZn8.3 and qZn12.3 QTLs controlling grain Zn content, respectively. Additionally, some Fe-Zn controlling QTLs were co-localized with the yield component QTLs, qTBGW, OsSPL14 and qPN. The QTLs qFe1.1, qFe3.1, qFe5.1, qFe7.1, qFe8.1, qZn6, qZn7 and gRMm9-1 for grain Fe-Zn content reported in earlier studies were validated in this study.
Novel QTLs, qFe3.3 and qFe7.3 for grain Fe and qZn2.2, qZn8.3 and qZn12.3 for Zn content were detected for these two traits. Four Fe-Zn controlling QTLs and few yield component QTLs were detected to be co-localized. The QTLs, qFe1.1, qFe3.1, qFe5.1, qFe7.1, qFe8.1, qFe3.3, qFe7.3, qZn6, qZn7, qZn2.2, qZn8.3 and qZn12.3 will be useful for biofortification of the micronutrients. Simultaneous enhancement of Fe-Zn content may be possible with yield component traits in rice.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The excessive release of lead from lead acid batteries, smelting plant into the environment is a major concern worldwide. Adsorption process is among the most effective techniques for lead removal ...from wastewater and activated carbon has been widely used as an adsorbent. In this paper an attempt has been made to investigate the adsorption behaviour of Pb(II) from aqueous systems onto granular activated carbon using the batch mode and continuous mode in a packed bed column with more successive service and regeneration. The experiments were performed at constant temperature and dimensions of column and packed bed of granular activated carbon with variation of flows through the bed and concentrations of lead solutions. Breakthrough points were found out for the adsorption of lead on the adsorbent using continuous-flow column operation by varying different operating parameters like hydraulic loading rate from 4 to 16
m
3/h
m
2 and feed concentrates from 20 to 60
mg/l. Granular activated carbon column regeneration using 0.5
M concentration of HNO
3 has been investigated. Results indicate encouraging performance towards removal of Pb(II).
The low-cost activated carbon were prepared from Tamarind wood material by chemical activation with sulphuric acid for the adsorption of Pb(II) from dilute aqueous solution. The activated carbon ...developed shows substantial capacity to adsorb Pb(II) from dilute aqueous solutions. The parameters studied include physical and chemical properties of adsorbent, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentrations. The kinetic data were best fitted to the Lagergren pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second order models. The isotherm equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum removal of lead(II) was obtained 97.95% (experimental) and 134.22
mg/g (from Langmuir isotherm model) at initial concentration 40
mg/l, adsorbent dose 3
g/l and pH 6.5. This high uptake showed Tamarind wood activated carbon as among the best adsorbents for Pb(II).
•Used plasma focus helium ion source to study radiation induced damage on tungsten.•Surface analyses confirm formation of micro-crack, bubbles, blisters, pinholes, etc.•XRD patterns confirm ...development of compressive stress due to thermal load.•Reduction in hardness value is observed in the case of exposed sample.
Energetic and high fluence helium ions emitted in a plasma focus device have been used successfully to study the radiation induced damage on tungsten. The reference and irradiated samples were characterized by optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and by hardness testers. The micrographs of the irradiated samples at lower magnification show uniform mesh of cracks of micrometer width. However at higher magnification, various types of crystalline defects such as voids, pinholes, bubbles, blisters and microcracks are distinctly noticed. The prominent peaks in X-ray diffraction spectrum of irradiated samples are seen shifted toward higher Bragg angles, thus indicating accumulation of compressive stress due to the heat load delivered by helium ions. A marginal reduction in hardness of the irradiated sample is also noticed.
Titano-magnetite is an ore of iron and titanium, and is highly magnetic. Magnetite and ilmenite are two major minerals. Ilmenite exhibits various textural dispositions. Widmanstatten and granular ...exsolution textures are important ones exhibited by the constituent mineral. Reduction roasting followed by two-stage LIMS gives a magnetic concentrate of 65.74% Fe at a yield of 61.22% with 78.07% Fe recovery. Also, a by-product having 28.76% TiO
2
at a yield of 20.08% with 36.78% TiO
2
recovery is produced. The concentrate (rich in magnetite) can be used as heavy media in coal washeries whereas the middling fraction can be taken for Ti recovery.
Ragi (Eleusine Coracana) is a major food crop for the tribal population of India.
This study emphasizes the need to consider ergonomics aspects in the design and development of a pedal operated ragi ...thresher (PORT) for tribal people, and assesses the drudgery as well as ergonomic evaluation of a developed thresher against the conventional practice.
Thirty subjects (male = 15 and female = 15) from the tribal region were evaluated ergonomically. The physiological responses of the subjects were studied and their performance was compared.
The results revealed that the working heart rate, oxygen consumption rate and overall discomfort rating were significantly higher in case of traditional threshing as compared to those in case of PORT. Postural analysis identified the traditional method as the most fatigue one as the person has to lift the hand above shoulder level repeatedly and has to sit in a squatting posture for long period.
The drudgery and occupational hazards to public health involved in the traditional method of threshing was reduced by using the PORT. Furthermore, the traditional method involved continuous stressed actions across the entire body, whereas the PORT involved only the lower limbs.
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