The article examines parallels in plot and images between Ostrovsky’s drama “Without a Dowry” and Dostoevsky’s novel “Demons.” Ostrovsky’s remarks about Dostoevsky in the last years of his life ...reveal that he distanced himself from the creative principles of the author of “Demons.” However, gestures and remarks of the characters of “Without a Dowry,” such as Paratov, Vozhevatov, Larisa Ogudalova, as well as motifs and collisions connected with them allow us to suggest that while working on the drama, Ostrovsky was influenced by a “literary recall” of Dostoevsky’s novel “Demons” and its characters, namely Stavrogin, Petr Verkhovensky, Liza Tushina. The possible parallels between the characters in “Without a Dowry” and “Demons” are also indicated by their common biblical and literary prototypes: there are allusions to the Serpent-temtper, Hamlet, Prince Harry, Mephistopheles and Faust contained in the stories of Stavrogin and Paratov, allusions to the Serpent and Mephistopheles in the gestures and actions of Petr Verkhovensky and Vozhevatov, while allusions to Ophelia, Gretchen and Poor Liza can be found in the images of Liza Tushina and Larisa Ogudalova. Even despite the differences in the writers’ approaches, there are remarkable plot parallels between the two works, common components in the characters’ images, similar artistic techniques, which, in our opinion, are signs of a literary “dialogue” between the authors of “Demons” and “Without a Dowry.”
Zinc molybdate (ZnMoO4) crystals are an excellent candidate material to fabricate scintillating bolometers for the study of neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo, provided that the crystal quality ...meets strict optical, thermal and radiopurity requirements. This paper addresses the characterization of improved crystalline samples grown by the low-thermal-gradient Czochralski technique. Transmittance measurements confirm significant improvement of the material with respect to previously developed samples. Luminescence properties (emission spectra, dependence of intensity on temperature, thermally stimulated luminescence and phosphorescence) have been studied under X-ray excitation from liquid-helium to room temperature. The index of refraction was measured in the wavelength interval 406–655nm. Samples of ZnMoO4 crystals with masses of 5.07g and 23.8g were operated as scintillating bolometers at temperatures below 30mK, with simultaneous detection of scintillation and heat signals, confirming an excellent alpha/beta rejection power. Background measurements allowed encouraging radiopurity level estimations. The light collection from ZnMoO4 scintillators was Monte Carlo simulated, analysing different crystal size, shape and surface properties and different photodetector sizes.
ZnTe cryogenic scintillator Mikhailik, V.B.; Galkin, S.; Kraus, H. ...
Journal of luminescence,
08/2017, Letnik:
188
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The X-ray luminescence and scintillation properties of undoped ZnTe crystal were investigated as function of temperature down to T<10K. The luminescence of ZnTe is quenched at room temperature, but ...below 150K the crystal exhibits emission at 575nm with characteristic recombination decay kinetics. The emission is attributed to the radiative annihilation of electrons captured at the shallow levels of impurities or defects with holes trapped by Zn vacancies. The temperature dependence of scintillation light output of ZnTe was studied. It was found that at excitation with α-particles the light output of undoped ZnTe is 117±20% of a reference CaWO4 crystal measured under the same experimental conditions. It is concluded that undoped zinc telluride is a promising scintillator for cryogenic application, particularly for the cryogenic search for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νDBD) of 130Te.
High light collection efficiency is an important requirement in any application of scintillation detectors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility for improving this parameter in ...cryogenic scintillation bolometers, which can be considered as promising detectors in experiments investigating neutrinoless double beta decay and dark matter. Energy resolutions and relative pulse amplitudes of scintillation detectors using ZnWO sub(4) scintillation crystals of different shapes (cylinder empty_set 2020 mm and hexagonal prism with diagonal 20 mm and height 20 mm), reflector materials and shapes, optical contact and surface properties (polished and diffused) were measured at room temperature. Propagation of optical photons in these experimental conditions was simulated using Geant4 and ZEMAX codes. The results of the simulations are found to be in good agreement with each other and with direct measurements of the crystals. This could be applied to optimize the geometry of scintillation detectors used in the cryogenic experiments.
The CRESST experiment is a direct dark matter search which aims to measure interactions of potential dark matter particles in an Earth-bound detector. With the current stage, CRESST-III, we focus on ...a low energy threshold for increased sensitivity towards light dark matter particles. In this paper we describe the analysis of one detector operated in the first run of CRESST-III (05/2016–02/2018) achieving a nuclear recoil threshold of 30.1 eV. This result was obtained with a 23.6 g CaWO4 crystal operated as a cryogenic scintillating calorimeter in the CRESST setup at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). Both the primary phonon (heat) signal and the simultaneously emitted scintillation light, which is absorbed in a separate silicon-on-sapphire light absorber, are measured with highly sensitive transition edge sensors operated at ∼15 mK. The unique combination of these sensors with the light element oxygen present in our target yields sensitivity to dark matter particle masses as low as 160 MeV/c2.
Cadmium tungstate crystal scintillators enriched in 106Cd and 116Cd were developed. The produced scintillators exhibit good optical and scintillation properties, and a low level of radioactive ...contamination. Experiments to search for double beta decay of 106Cd and 116Cd are in progress at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories of the INFN (Italy). Prospects to further improve the radiopurity of the detectors by recrystallization are discussed.
► We developed cadmium tungstate scintillators enriched in 106Cd and 116Cd isotopes. ► The total irrecoverable losses of the enriched Cd on all the stages: <3%. ► The produced 106,116CdWO4 exhibit good scintillation properties and high radiopurity. ► Low segregation of K, Ra, and Th by cadmium tungstate crystals has been observed. ► Double beta experiments by using 106,116CdWO4 are in progress deep underground.
The ZnWO4 crystal scintillator has unique features that make it very promising to realize a pioneering experiment to pursue Dark Matter investigation with the directionality technique. In particular ...in this detector the light output and the scintillation pulse shape for heavy particles (p, α, nuclear recoils) depend on the direction of the impinging particle with respect to the crystal axes, while the response to γ/β radiation is isotropic. The anisotropy of the light output can be considered to point out the presence in the diurnal counting rate of a Dark Matter signal produced by candidate particle inducing just nuclear recoils. In addition this crystal detector has also other important characteristics for a Dark Matter experiment: high light output, high level of radiopurity. In this paper the present performances of the developed ZnWO4 crystal scintillator will be summarized together with the possible future improvements. Some reachable sensitivities – under given assumptions – in the investigation of DM candidate particles with the directionality technique will also be addressed.
Introduction
. The goal of the surgical treatment of patients with chronic otitis media is to eliminate the consequences of the inflammatory and destructive disease while preserving the anatomy of ...the middle ear and improving auditory function. According to the literature, the outcome of middle ear reconstructive surgery for the surgeon and the patient in most cases remains unpredictable. The development of an integrated approach to predicting the results of reconstructive sanitizing surgery will make it possible to select the most effective surgical tactics in terms of treatment time and type of surgical intervention.
Aim.
To develop a methodology for personalized prediction of the result of operations on the temporal bone in patients with chronic otitis media and substantiate the choice of optimal surgical tactics, taking into account clinical and functional parameters.
Materials and methods.
A retrospective study was carried out to compare the data of patients with the use of the author’s personalized prognosis method: “A method for predicting the result of tympanoplasty” and “A method for predicting the degree of hearing loss in otosurgery for chronic otitis media” with the results of surgical treatment of 263 patients with chronic otitis media, operated on in hospitals in Moscow. Chelyabinsk in 2018–2020.
Results and discussion
. In the observation, the patients were divided into two groups according to the sum of points, which determined the volume, type and timing of the operation. The sum of points less than or equal to 20 was assessed as a favorable prognosis for reconstructive debridement surgery. The sum of points in the range from 21–40 was assessed as the possibility of carrying out onestage surgery for the purpose of sanitation and reconstruction, but the patient should be informed about the unfavorable prognosis for the restoration of hearing. A score greater than 40 is assessed as an unfavorable prognosis, with an indication for separate-stage surgery, indicating a socially significant hearing loss in the postoperative period in patients with chronic otitis media.
Conclusion
. A personalized approach to predicting the results of surgical treatment forms groups of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media and helps in choosing surgical tactics in terms of the type, volume and timing of one-stage or separatestage reconstructive surgery and the need for reoperation for a period of one year.
Introduction
. According to the literature, oxidative stress is described as one of the main factors in the pathogenesis of chronic suppurative otitis media, supporting the inflammatory process at ...the local level. The transition of inflammatory mediators to the systemic level is associated with the risk of developing ear purulent-destructive complications. The study of the products of lipid peroxidation in comparison with morphological changes in the structures of the temporal bone will justify the tactics of the operation.
Aim
. Comparison of the levels of lipid peroxidation products at the local and systemic levels in chronic suppurative otitis media, depending on the nature of pathomorphological changes in the structures of the temporal bone.
Materials and methods
. A prospective study of 130 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media at the age of 20-62 years with a verified diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media, admitted for surgical treatment, was carried out. To study the indicators of oxidative stress at the systemic level, the blood serum of patients was used; at the local level, the bone biomaterial obtained from patients during the surgical treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media was used. The quantitative determination of the primary, secondary and final products of peroxidation was carried out in the groups of patients with separate registration of lipoperoxides in the heptane and isopropanol phases of the lipid extract by spectrophotometry.
Results and discussion
. In the observation of patients with morphological signs of purulent destruction of the temporal bone, not only a local level of inflammation activity, but also a systemic level of an unfavorable outcome was revealed in two variants: osteoproliferation or osteonecrosis of the bone tissue of the temporal bone in chronic purulent otitis media with a constant threat to the patient's life due to intracranial purulent complications.
Conclusion
. The appearance in low concentrations of lipid peroxidation products in serum in patients with chronic purulent otitis media substantiates the need for a behind-the-ear approach in reconstructive-sanitizing otosurgery even with minimal clinical manifestations and CT scan data, since at the preclinical level it confirms the osteonecrotic type of bone remodeling with the risk of delayed death.
The aim of this work is optimization of light collection in conditions similar to that in cryogenic scintillating bolometers. Energy resolution and relative pulse amplitude of scintillation detectors ...were measured using CaWO4 crystals with different shapes (cylindrical, hexagonal, cube and triangle prism), reflector materials and shapes, optical contact and surface conditions (polished and diffuse). Light collection was simulated using the ZEMAX ray-tracing software. The results of the simulations are in good agreement with the measured values of light output. Scintillators in the shape of a triangular prism with diffused surface surrounded by an external mirror shaped as truncated cone provide the highest light collection efficiency.
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