IntroductionAutism can be described as a mental disorder that displays social interactions and communication impairments as well as a restricted range of activities or interests. Since autism is ...different for each individual, possible treatments are challenging and should consider individual characteristics at all times. Interactions with peers, family, and teachers are challenging for those with autism as they usually lack behaviors such as eye contact, playing, and talking with other people. It is common to observe sensorial issues as hypersensitivity in these individuals. Patients may have visual, auditive, or even tactile dysfunctions.Dir/Floortime is a comprehensive model that gives theoretical support and methodological approach to lead to development focusing on the development of individual capacities for sensorial organization, motor planning, language, and many abilities that provide a development trail that will help individuals to achieve essential milestones to infants and adolescents. The DIR/Floortime is based on the development as a lifespan event, individual differences, and relationships established with peers and any other people in the child´s context.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to demonstrate that the DIR/Floortime is a comprehensive method of study and intervention since it matches all necessary characteristics to produce development.MethodsIt was performed a theoretic approach of both DIR/Floortime and Biological Theory of Human Development in search of basis in a contextualist theory to explain a practical method of intervention.ResultsPsychological theories about human development are important tools for understanding the way individuals interact with their context and produce changes in biopsychosocial characteristics. The Bioecological theory of Human Development is a contextualist theory that considers the interactions established between individuals through a model called PPCT, with their characteristics with people, objects, and symbols through interactions known as proximal processes, considered to be meaningful interactions, occurring frequently, through a long time.ConclusionsThe TBDH through the PPCT model can show that the DIR/Floortime presented itself as an efficient method for the treatment of autism since it considers the personal characteristics of the patients, especially their sensory and motor characteristics (Personal Characteristics such as Resource, Demand, and Force). This method has in significant interaction the most efficient way to produce development (equivalent to proximal Proximal Processes), takes into account the contexts where the developing individual attends, especially home, school and therapy, and has time as an essential factor for development to occur.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
IntroductionChildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a qualitative deficit in social interaction, engagement, and behavior. The DIR/Floortime model is one of the ways of intervention and is ...based on the child’s Functional Development, Individual differences, and Relationships. It aims to build the foundation for the social, emotional, and intellectual skills of children, instead of having the focus only on isolated behaviors. The model was developed by Stanley Greenspan and Serena Wieder in the United States and is the result of many years of observations and studies on child development since the 1950s. In the 1980s, they unified knowledge from several related studies on child development and mental health and recognized the importance of relationships and affection for learning. One of the considerations of the DIR/Floortime model on children with autism is the individual profile, that is, their individual differences (the I of the DIR). Each child has a unique way of perceiving the world (sight, sounds, touch) and responding to it. They may have difficulties in processing or responding to sensory information. Their individual differences need to be well known so that we can draw up a therapeutic plan to obtain the best developmental evolution.ObjectivesRecognize and analyze the individual differences of each child, so that the appropriate therapeutic plan can be traced for the development of their potential.MethodsParticipated in the study 63 children with ASD, 12 girls (19%) and 51 boys (81%). Global Development Assessment questionnaires were used, based on the FEDC and the FEAS scale of the DIR/Floortime.ResultsAll 63 children presented sensory alterations such as proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular search or hyper-reactivity, directly impacting abilities such as visuospatial processing and motor planning. In addition, 85% of children have low body tone. Regarding the sensory need for visual search, presented by 86% of the children, as well as the vestibular (90%), a recommended therapeutic strategy is mapping the place, with fewer objects. The therapist needs to be in a fixed position and maintain a pleasant, lower tone of voice. The routine framework for motor and action planning, anticipating, and giving the necessary waiting time for the child to get organized. Motor circuits can also help to work with the tone, as well as with praxis.ConclusionsThe DIR/Floortime model aims to make the child develop the ability to interact meaningfully and connect with the outside world. The individual differences of the child need to be known so that this work can take place effectively and so that the therapist can better organize the therapy, providing the best development for the child.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Introduction
Adolescence can be seen as a fundamental stage of life for the construction of the subject, resulting from childhood experiences and decisive for adulthood. It is common stressors to ...appear during adolescence, due to the lack of necessary resources to deal with a stressful problem or event. In this way, the evaluation of a stressful situation by the adolescent is important, because from it he will develop coping strategies that will help him to deal with the problem.
Stressful life experiences, whether important events or even common annoyances, threaten the adolescent’s well-being, in addition to being linked to mental health and behavior problems, both internalizing ones, such as isolation, somatic complaints and anxiety/depression, as well as externalizing factors such as breaking rules and aggressive behavior. Romantic relationships are related to a major source of stress in the lives of these young people when conflicts, jealousy, aggression and infidelity occur, and have a great impact on the mental health of the individuals involved. Breakups, for example, have been linked to the onset of clinical depression in adolescents.
There are three categories of concern for adolescents: (a) related to achievements, such as success in school or opportunity for success in the future; (b) relationships with colleagues or family members; and (c) social problems such as the environment, poverty and unemployment.
Objectives
To identify and describe stressful life events in adolescents from public schools in a poor community in Brazil.
Methods
The study included 64 adolescents, boys (51.56%) and girls (48.43%), aged between 12 and 16 years old (average 13.76%). The Adolescent Perceived Events Scale (APES) was used, which consists of 90 items that correspond to events that may occur in the adolescent’s daily life.
Results
The most significant stressors for the adolescents in this study were those dealing with the death of close people, such as a friend (100%), a family member (96.29%) and a relative (94.73%). Also appearing as major stressors were “plans that did not work” (91.89%), use of alcohol or drugs by family members (87.5%), loss of a job by parents (75%), imprisonment of a family member (75%), fights with boyfriend or girlfriend (86.66%), breakup (75%) and concern about their own appearance (76.52%).
Conclusions
Events referring to interpersonal relationships were considered the greatest stressors, with percentages above 80%. The present study contributed to the understanding of adolescents’ perceptions of their life events. In this way, we can understand the relationship between stressors and the coping strategies. Furthermore, it allows the proposition of preventive intervention strategies in the school context.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
IntroductionAdolescence presents itself as a phase of life marked by rapid changes produced by different social contexts and in many cases, it can be configured in a stressful situation. The ...development of a psychosocial support network is of fundamental importance for adolescents to cope with the pressures of life in challenging situations. Many students, especially living in poor communities, face school problems especially because the curriculum fails to provide relevant knowledge to students in a way it can be meaningful and easier to be taught by teachers and learned by students. When students fail at school usually, they tend to blame themselves and as a result they may develop anxiety, social isolation and even depression.ObjectivesThrough the Bioecological Theory of Human Development, we sought to understand the psychosocial support networks of adolescents, whether or not experiencing school problems, considering this to be a challenging event.MethodsIn this research it was used the Five Fields Map, an instrument that evaluated the psychosocial support network for adolescents. The students with and without school problems filled the map in the beginning of the year and then at the end of the same year while facing a school problem as repeating the whole year because of insufficient grades.ResultsThe number of relationships between students facing and not facing school problems was not different, however, failing students had fewer relationships in the school-church Mesosystem, fewer relationships in the second and third levels in the first and second moments of data collection, and more relationships in level 5 in the second moment.SchoolHomeChurchPublic spacesRel.FactorRel.FactorRel.FactorRel.FactorControlBeginning565,2364,97336,3266,77Control End425,26334,94386,6206,7Total985,23694,97716,45466,74School problem Beginning575,52395,36106,3155,26School Problem End455,4315,67106,3105,6Total1025,47705,51206,3255,53TOTAL2005,31395,23916,37716,06ConclusionsBoth group of students showed great strength of proximity in their psychosocial support networks, indicating that it provided sufficient support so that the outcome of the failure experience was positive.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The AGATA tracking detector array represents a significant improvement over previous Compton suppressed arrays. The construction of AGATA led to numerous technological breakthroughs in order to meet ...the requirements and the challenges of building a mobile detector across Europe. This paper focuses on the design and implementation of the data acquisition system responsible of the readout and control of the germanium detectors of AGATA. Our system is highly versatile, capable of instrumenting AGATA and seamlessly adapting it to various configurations with a wide range of ancillary detectors and/or spectrometers. It consists of three main components: an autonomous and independent infrastructure, a dedicated application core ensuring overall consistency, and a high-performance software package providing a fully integrated data flow management including the setting-up, the supervision and the slow control of the instrument. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the system’s design and performance, particularly under high-counting rate conditions.
IntroductionBetween January and May 2022, more than 78,248 complaints were registered in Brazil, involving children and adolescents in situations of abuse. (Ministry of Women, Family and Human ...Rights, 2022). Childhood maltreatment includes all forms of physical, emotional, sexual abuse or neglect. Literature has shown that individuals who are victims of abuse have more difficulties with social skills than their peers.ObjectivesQuantitatively evaluate the social skills of adolescent victims of abuse.MethodsSix adolescents between 12 and 17 years old participated in the study. The assessment of social communication skills was performed using the Social Skills Rating Scale (SSRS) protocol. At the time of data analysis, the following variables were taken into account: gender of the participants and type of abuse suffered, as stated in their medical records.ResultsMale participants showed a better overall performance in social skills than female participants. However, this second group scored higher on assertiveness and empathy skills. Regarding the type of abuse, in both genders, victims of sexual abuse and neglect showed better results than those who suffered only neglect. The results are described in more detail in images 1 and 2.Table 1.Female group resultsOverall score SSRSEmpathySelf-controlResponsabilityAssertivenessExpected scores25 – 327 – 9,816 -107- 103 – 5Average of the results obtained (n = 3)19,665,665,665,662,66Average of the results obtained from neglect victims (n = 2)17454,53,5Average of the results obtained from sexual abuse and neglect victims (n = 1)259781Table 2.Male group resultsOverall score SSRSEmpathySelf-controlResponsabilityAssertivenessExpected scores23 – 316 – 96 - 97 – 92 - 5Average of the results obtained (n = 3)23,664,667,668,661,33Average of the results obtained from neglect victims (n = 1 )2531082Average of the results obtained from sexual abuse and neglect victims (n = 2)235,587,52ConclusionsAdolescents who are victims of abuse have considerable difficulties with social skills, which can impact the performance of their basic day-to-day activities. More studies about the impacts of mistreatments on the development of social skills are needed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Brazil has more than 200 million inhabitants living in an area of more than 8.5 million km (,). Granting access to health and educational services for populations in such different environments ...clearly demands different actions and resources. Official policies regarding rehabilitation services and education to children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are being gradually defined and implemented. This article aims to present an overview of the Brazilian health system that considers health as a universal right and a stateʼs duty. Some of the strategies created to provide services to persons with different needs living in different environments are outlined. Specifically in what refers to persons with ASD, there are laws, bills of rights, and guidelines, but their implementation is gradual and uneven. More developed regions provide more comprehensive support to these persons and their families, but some initiatives of outreach are being implemented. Speech–language pathology services are integrated to the health system and present their own challenges. Undergraduate programs for speech–language pathology include ASD as part of the mandatory training, and there are postgraduate studies in the field. Some challenges are being met by several initiatives by different groups as parents, scientific associations, and universities. Issues such as tests and protocols that can be used to Portuguese-speaking children and the identification of efficient methods that can be applied in different situations and orientation to parents and families have been object of research for some decades. There are still many challenges that must be addressed to provide adequate health and educational services to children with ASD and their families in Brazil.
An analytical formula for the occurrence probability of Markovian stochastic paths with repeatedly visited and/or equal departure rates is derived. This formula is essential for an efficient ...investigation of the trajectories belonging to random walk models and for a numerical evaluation of the “contracted path integral solution” of the discrete master equation Phys. Lett. A 195 (1994) 128.
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