The next generation of neutrinoless double beta decay search experiments aims to reach sensitivities to this half-life of the process up to 1028 years. This will require tonne scale detectors with ...almost no background in their region of interest, which represents a large improvement with respect to current technologies. With this scenario, the NEXT collaboration presents two parallel developments: NEXT-High Definition and NEXT-Barium atOm Light Detection. The first is based on the incremental improvement of the current pressure gas xenon technology, and the second is based on the use of a barium tagging technology.
A
bstract
The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently well on its way to completion, will soon provide the most intense neutron beams for multi-disciplinary science. Fortuitously, it will also ...generate the largest pulsed neutrino flux suitable for the detection of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CE
ν
NS), a process recently measured for the first time at ORNL’s Spallation Neutron Source. We describe innovative detector technologies maximally able to profit from the order-of-magnitude increase in neutrino flux provided by the ESS, along with their sensitivity to a rich particle physics phenomenology accessible through high-statistics, precision CE
ν
NS measurements.
A novel experimental setup to measure deviations from the
1
/
r
2
distance dependence of Newtonian gravity was proposed in Donini and Marimón (Eur Phys J C 76:696, 2016). The underlying theoretical ...idea was to study the orbits of a microscopically-sized planetary system composed of a “Satellite”, with mass
m
S
∼
O
(
10
-
9
)
g, and a “Planet”, with mass
M
P
∼
O
(
10
-
5
)
g at an initial distance of hundreds of microns. The detection of precession of the orbit in this system would be an unambiguous indication of a central potential with terms that scale with the distance differently from 1/
r
. This is a huge advantage with respect to the measurement of the absolute strength of the attraction between two bodies, as most electrically-induced background potentials do indeed scale as 1/
r
. Detection of orbit precession is unaffected by these effects, allowing for better sensitivities. In Baeza-Ballesteros et al. (Eur Phys J C 82:154, 2022), the impact of other subleading backgrounds that may induce orbit precession, such as, e.g., the electrical Casimir force or general relativity, was studied in detail. It was found that the proposed setup could test Yukawa-like corrections,
α
×
exp
(
-
r
/
λ
)
,
to the 1/
r
potential with couplings as low as
α
∼
10
-
2
for distances as small as
λ
∼
10
μ
m, improving by roughly an order of magnitude present bounds. In this paper, we start to move from a theoretical study of the proposal to a more realistic implementation of the experimental setup. As a first step, we study the impact of air viscosity on the proposed setup and see how the setup should be modified in order to preserve the theoretical sensitivity achieved in Donini and Marimón (2016) and Baeza-Ballesteros et al. (2022).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
The recent detection of the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (
CEυNS
) opens the possibility to use neutrinos to explore physics beyond standard model with small size detectors. ...However, the
CEυNS
process generates signals at the few keV level, requiring of very sensitive detecting technologies for its detection. The European Spallation Source (ESS) has been identified as an optimal source of low energy neutrinos offering an opportunity for a definitive exploration of all phenomenological applications of
CEυNS
. In this project I propose to apply the high pressure gas TPC technology to the detection of the
CEυNS
process at the ESS. This will require the development of very low-energy detectors and to improve the current knowledge of the quenching factor for nuclear recoils in gas at keV energies. The major goal of this project is to build a 20 kg xenon gaseous detector and operate it at the ESS, such detector will provide more than 7,000
CEυNS
events per year, overtaking the sensitivities of much larger detectors in current spallations sources.
NEXT is a new experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay processes that will start operation at the LSC laboratory (Canfranc, Spain) in 2013. The apparatus is a high pressure gas xenon ...chamber (HPGXe) filled with 100-150 kg of gas Xenon enriched at 90% in the 136Xe isotope. NEXT proposes a novel detection technique called SOFT (Separated Optimized Function TPC) which optimizes both the energy resolution and the measurement of the topological signature of the event. This results in a powerful background rejection, which, combined with a carefully screened radiopure detector will allow NEXT to be competitive with existing proposals for next-generation neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments. First prototypes have been operating successfully in different laboratories. First results with large-scale prototypes measure a resolution of 1% FWHM at the 137Cs photopeak. This extrapolates to a resolution better than 0.5% FWHM at Qββ.
A simple hole-type secondary scintillation structure (2 mm-hole, 5 mm-pitch, 5 mm-thickness) is introduced and its operation demonstrated in pure xenon in the pressure range 2-10 bar. The new device, ...characteristically translucent, has been manufactured through a collaboration between IGFAE and the CERN workshop, and relies entirely on radiopure materials (acrylic and copper), being extremely rugged in the presence of sparks, mechanically robust, and easily scalable, yet made through a relatively simple process. With an overall figure (at 10 bar) characterized by an energy resolution of 18.9%(FWHM) for 55Fe x-rays, an optical gain of mγ= 500 ph/e, and a stable operation at reduced fields more than twice those of some of the presently running experiments (EEL= 3 kV/cm/bar), this family of structures seems to show great promise for electroluminescence readouts on large scale detectors. As argued below, further improvements have the potential of bringing the energy resolution close to the Fano factor and increasing the optical gain.
Abstract
New detector approaches in Positron Emission Tomography
imaging will play an important role in reducing costs, lowering
administered radiation doses, and improving overall
performance. ...PETALO employs liquid xenon as the active scintillating
medium and UV-sensitive silicon photomultipliers for scintillation
readout. The scintillation time in liquid xenon is fast enough to
register time-of-flight information for each detected coincidence,
and sufficient scintillation is produced with low enough
fluctuations to obtain good energy resolution. The present
simulation study examines a full-body-sized PETALO detector and
evaluates its potential performance in PET image reconstruction.
The measurement of the time of flight of the two 511 keV gammas recorded in coincidence in a PET scanner provides an effective way of reducing the random background and therefore increases the ...scanner sensitivity, provided that the coincidence resolving time (CRT) of the gammas is sufficiently good. The best commercial PET-TOF system today (based in LYSO crystals and digital SiPMs), is the VEREOS of Philips, boasting a CRT of 316 ps (FWHM). In this paper we present a Monte Carlo investigation of the CRT performance of a PET scanner exploiting the scintillating properties of liquid xenon. We find that an excellent CRT of 70 ps (depending on the PDE of the sensor) can be obtained if the scanner is instrumented with silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) sensitive to the ultraviolet light emitted by xenon. Alternatively, a CRT of 160 ps can be obtained instrumenting the scanner with (much cheaper) blue-sensitive SiPMs coated with a suitable wavelength shifter. These results show the excellent time of flight capabilities of a PET device based in liquid xenon.
The NEXT ββ0ν experiment will use a high-pressure gas electroluminescent TPC to search for the decay of Xe-136. The development, construction and installation of NEXT-WHITE (NEW), the first ...radio-pure version of NEXT, will take place this year at Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc. NEW will run initially using 10 kg of natural xenon during which time NEXT technology will be validated and the topological reconstruction algorithms refined. Moreover, the background model will be benchmarked using data. A second run will use enriched xenon and will make a first measurement of the two neutrino channel (ββ2ν) by NEXT. This poster will present the various technical aspects of the detector detailing the radio-pure solutions for a low backgorund experiment and the low noise, high resolution measurement of both energy and position.
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