To further obtain insights into the Rhipicephalus microplus transcriptome, we used RNA-seq to carry out a study of expression in (i) embryos; (ii) ovaries from partially and fully engorged females; ...(iii) salivary glands from partially engorged females; (iv) fat body from partially and fully engorged females; and (v) digestive cells from partially, and (vi) fully engorged females. We obtained > 500 million Illumina reads which were assembled de novo, producing > 190,000 contigs, identifying 18,857 coding sequences (CDS). Reads from each library were mapped back into the assembled transcriptome giving a view of gene expression in different tissues. Transcriptomic expression and pathway analysis showed that several genes related in blood digestion and host-parasite interaction were overexpressed in digestive cells compared with other tissues. Furthermore, essential genes for the cell development and embryogenesis were overexpressed in ovaries. Taken altogether, these data offer novel insights into the physiology of production and role of saliva, blood digestion, energy metabolism, and development with submission of 10,932 novel tissue/cell specific CDS to the NCBI database for this important tick species.
Abstract
Importance
risk factors for delirium in hospital inpatients are well established, but less is known about whether delirium occurring in the community or during an emergency admission to ...hospital care might be predicted from routine primary-care records.
Objectives
identify risk factors in primary-care electronic health records (PC-EHR) predictive of delirium occurring in the community or recorded in the initial episode in emergency hospitalisation. Test predictive performance against the cumulative frailty index.
Design
Stage 1: case-control; Stages 2 and 3: retrospective cohort.
Setting
clinical practice research datalink: PC-EHR linked to hospital discharge data from England.
Subjects
Stage 1: 17,286 patients with delirium aged ≥60 years plus 85,607 controls. Stages 2 and 3: patients ≥ 60 years (n = 429,548 in 2015), split into calibration and validation groups.
Methods
Stage 1: logistic regression to identify associations of 110 candidate risk measures with delirium. Stage 2: calibrating risk factor weights. Stage 3: validation in independent sample using area under the curve (AUC) receiver operating characteristic.
Results
fifty-five risk factors were predictive, in domains including: cognitive impairment or mental illness, psychoactive drugs, frailty, infection, hyponatraemia and anticholinergic drugs. The derived model predicted 1-year incident delirium (AUC = 0.867, 0.852:0.881) and mortality (AUC = 0.846, 0.842:0.853), outperforming the frailty index (AUC = 0.761, 0.740:0.782). Individuals with the highest 10% of predicted delirium risk accounted for 55% of incident delirium over 1 year.
Conclusions
a risk factor model for delirium using data in PC-EHR performed well, identifying individuals at risk of new onsets of delirium. This model has potential for supporting preventive interventions.
A new linear trinuclear Co(II)3 complex with a formula of {Co(μ-L)}2Co has been prepared by self-assembly of Co(II) ions and the N3O3-tripodal Schiff base ligand H3L, which is obtained from the ...condensation of 1,1,1-tris(aminomethyl)ethane and salicylaldehyde. Single X-ray diffraction shows that this compound is centrosymmetric with triple-phenolate bridging groups connecting neighboring Co(II) ions, leading to a paddle-wheel-like structure with a pseudo-C 3 axis lying in the Co–Co–Co direction. The Co(II) ions at both ends of the Co(II)3 molecule exhibit distorted trigonal prismatic CoN3O3 geometry, whereas the Co(II) at the middle presents an elongated trigonal antiprismatic CoO6 geometry. The combined analysis of the magnetic data and theoretical calculations reveal strong easy-axis magnetic anisotropy for both types of Co(II) ions (|D| values higher than 115 cm–1) with the local anisotropic axes lying on the pseudo-C 3 axis of the molecule. The magnetic exchange interaction between the middle and ends Co(II) ions, extracted by using either a Hamiltonian accounting for the isotropic magnetic coupling and ZFS or the Lines’ model, was found to be medium to strong and antiferromagnetic in nature, whereas the interaction between the external Co(II) ions is weak antiferromagnetic. Interestingly, the compound exhibits slow relaxation of magnetization and open hysteresis at zero field and therefore SMM behavior. The significant magnetic exchange coupling found for {Co(μ-L)}2Co is mainly responsible for the quenching of QTM, which combined with the easy-axis local anisotropy of the CoII ions and the collinearity of their local anisotropy axes with the pseudo-C 3 axis favors the observation of SMM behavior at zero field.
Introduction
The survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has improved dramatically due to novel systemic treatments. However, mRCC mortality continues to rise in Latin ...America.
Methods
A retrospective, multicenter study of patients diagnosed with mRCC between 2010-2018 in Mexico City was conducted. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of healthcare insurance on access to treatment and survival in patients with mRCC.
Results
Among 924 patients, 55.4%, 42.6%, and 1.9% had no insurance (NI), social security, (SS) and private insurance (PI), respectively.
De novo
metastatic disease was more common in NI patients (70.9%) compared to SS (47.2%) and PI (55.6%) patients (p<0.001). According to IMDC Prognostic Index, 20.2% were classified as favorable, 49% as intermediate, and 30.8% as poor-risk disease. Access to systemic treatment differed by healthcare insurance: 36.1%, 99.5%, and 100% for the NI, SS, and PI patients, respectively (p<0.001). NI patients received fewer lines of treatment, with 24.8% receiving only one line of treatment (p<0.001). Median overall survival (OS) was 13.9 months for NI, 98.9 months for SS, and 147.6 months for NI patients (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, NI status, brain metastases, sarcomatoid features, bone metastases, no treatment were significantly associated with worse OS.
Conclusion
OS in mRCC was affected by insurance availability in this resource-limited cohort of Mexican patients. These results underscore the need for effective strategies to achieve equitable healthcare access in an era of effective, yet costly systemic treatments.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the major cause of end-stage kidney disease and is associated to an extremely high cardiovascular (CV) risk.
We screened 318 DN patients for 23 SNPs in four ...glucose transporters (SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SLC5A1 and SLC5A2) and in KCNJ11 and ABCC8, which participate in insulin secretion. Regression models were utilised to identify associations with renal parameters, atherosclerosis measurements and CV events. In addition, 506 individuals with normal renal function were also genotyped as a control group.
In the patient's cohort, common carotid intima media thickness values were higher in carriers of ABCC8 rs3758953 and rs2188966 vs. non-carriers 0.78(0.25) vs. 0.72(0.22) mm, p < 0.05 and 0.79(0.26) vs. 0.72(0.22) mm, p < 0.05, respectively. Furthermore, ABCC8 rs1799859 was linked to presence of plaque in these patients 1.89(1.03-3.46), p < 0.05. Two variants, SLC2A2 rs8192675 and SLC5A2 rs9924771, were associated with better OR = 0.49 (0.30-0.81), p < 0.01 and worse OR = 1.92 (1.15-3.21), p < 0.05 CV event-free survival, respectively. With regard to renal variables, rs841848 and rs710218 in SLC2A1, as well as rs3813008 in SLC5A2, significantly altered estimated glomerular filtration rate values carriers vs. non-carriers: 30.41(22.57) vs. 28.25(20.10), p < 0.05; 28.95(21.11) vs. 29.52(21.66), p < 0.05 and 32.03(18.06) vs. 28.14(23.06) ml/min/1.73 m
2
, p < 0.05. In addition, ABCC8 rs3758947 was associated with higher albumin-to-creatinine ratios 193.5(1139.91) vs. 160(652.90) mg/g, p < 0.05. The epistasis analysis of SNP-pairs interactions showed that ABCC8 rs3758947 interacted with several SNPs in SLC2A2 to significantly affect CV events (p < 0.01). No SNPs were associated with DN risk.
Polymorphisms in genes determining glucose homeostasis may play a relevant role in renal parameters and CV-related outcomes of DN patients.
Four new dinuclear complexes Ni(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Ni(H
2
O)
2
NO
3
(
1
), Ni(μ-L)(μ-OBz)Ni(H
2
O)(MeOH)NO
3
·3MeOH (
2
), Ni(μ-L)(μ-9-An)Ni(H
2
O)(MeOH)NO
3
(
3
) and Ni(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Ni(H
2
O)(N
3
)·CH
3
OH (
...4
) have been prepared from the compartmental ligand
N
,
N
′,
N′′
-trimethyl-
N
,
N
′′-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylbenzyl)diethylenetriamine (H
2
L) and different carboxylate ligands (OBz = benzoate and 9-An = 9-anthracenecarboxylate), and then magnetically and structurally characterized. The X-ray structures of these complexes reveal that the Ni
2+
ions are bridged by two phenoxo groups belonging to the L
2−
ligand and one
syn
-
syn
carboxylate group, giving rise to diphenoxocarboxylate triply bridged dinuclear nickel(
ii
) complexes. The
syn
-
syn
carboxylate bridging group folds the structure with hinge angles (
β
) in the range 32-36°. The folding of the structure takes place with a concomitant decrease of the O-Ni-O bridging angle (
) and an increase of the shift carbon atom directly linked to the phenoxo oxygen atom with respect to the Ni-Ni-O plane in the bridging region (
τ
angle). All the complexes exhibit ferromagnetic interactions between the slightly distorted octahedral Ni
2+
ions. A comparative analysis of the magneto-structural data for
1-4
and other diphenoxocarboxylate bridged complexes clearly show that not only the
angle, but also the
τ
and
β
angles play a significant role in determining the sign and magnitude of the magnetic exchange coupling in these complexes. The ferromagnetic behaviour observed for
1-4
has been justified on the basis of their relatively low
and high
β
and
τ
values, all of them decreasing the antiferromagnetic contribution in complexes
1-4
, as well as the countercomplementarity effects between the diphenoxo and carboxylate bridging ligands. DFT theoretical calculations unequivocally demonstrate that the countercomplementarity mechanism is operative in compounds
1-4
.
Four new diphenoxocarboxylate triply bridged dinuclear nickel(
ii
) complexes exhibit ferromagnetic coupling promoted by countercomplementarity of the bridging ligands.
To provide an updated view on the role of cell-free DNA as a predictor of pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
A systematic review was ...conducted from September 2023 to October 2023. Selected studies from the MEDLINE and clinical trial databases were critically analyzed regarding the clinical efficacy of cell-free DNA as a predictive instrument after neoadjuvant therapy in bladder cancer. The methodological quality assessment was based on the QUADAS-2 tool.
In this systematic review, we analyzed 5 studies encompassing a cumulative patient cohort of 780 individuals diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, with a median follow-up ranging from 6 to 23 months. Among these studies, 4 primarily focused on detecting and analyzing circulating tumor DNA in plasma, while 1 study uniquely utilized cell-free tumor DNA in urine samples.
The diagnostic accuracy of cell-free DNA in plasma ranges from 79% to 100%, indicating a variable yet significant predictive capability. In contrast, the study utilizing urinary cell-free DNA demonstrated an accuracy of 81% in predicting treatment response post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Cell-free DNA is emerging as a valuable biomarker for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder tumors.
This is a systematic review to provide an updated view on the role of cell-free DNA as a predictor of pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with bladder cancer.
Display omitted
•Polymeric membranes were tested with ethanol solutions for permeability/rejections.•Ethanolic extract of E. globulus bark was concentrated by membrane processing.•JW membrane proved ...to have the best performance in flux and polyphenols enrichment.•Arabinose- and rhamnose-containing oligo/polysaccharides are preferentially retained.•Cleaning performance of membranes was assessed, and the initial flux was recovered.
The aim of this work is to promote the enrichment of an ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus globulus bark in polyphenolic compounds relatively to other compounds such as carbohydrates. Several flat sheet membranes were tested with water and ethanol solutions (52% v/v and 80% v/v) assessing to permeability. Rejections to gallic and tannic acids and maltose were evaluated for nanofiltration membranes and for the ultrafiltration membrane of lower cut-off. The dependence of permeability and rejection relative to ethanol percentage is discussed giving new insights about the membrane performance towards ethanol/water solutions. Among the tested membranes, two ultrafiltration (JW 30,000Da and PLEAIDE 5000Da) and one nanofiltration (SolSep 90801) membranes were selected to the concentration process of an ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus globulus bark produced at previously optimized conditions. The performance of the three membranes was evaluated concerning polyphenolic compounds and carbohydrate composition. The volume reduction factor was 1.76. JW membrane revealed the lowest total decrease on permeability (53%) relative to the initial. All the three membranes showed selective retention of polyphenolic compounds, however JW promoted the highest enrichment of formaldehyde-condensable tannins (fcT) and proanthocyanidins (Pac) (17% and 28%, respectively). The final composition of the retentate (in % weight/dry weight) was: TPC 39%, fcT 46%, Pac 38%, GalT 3.2% and TC 15%. The detailed sugar analysis revealed that some arabinose- and rhamnose-containing oligo/polysaccharides are preferentially retained, while those with glucose and galacturonic acid moieties are transported through the membrane to permeate stream. Finally, cleaning performance of membranes was evaluated and 80–100% flux recoveries were attained.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two months of orthokeratology (OK) treatment in the accommodative response of young adult myopes. Twenty eyes (21.8 ± 1.8 years) were fitted with the ...Paragon CRT® 100 LENS to treat myopia between −1.00 and −2.00 D. Low- and high-contrast visual acuity (LCDVA and HCDVA), central objective refraction, light disturbance (LD), and objective accommodative response (using the Grand Seiko WAM-5500 open-field autorefractometer coupled with a Badal system) were measured at baseline (BL) before lens wear and after 1, 15, 30, and 60 nights of OK. Refractive error correction was achieved during the first fifty days of OK lens wear, with minimal changes afterwards. LD analysis showed a transient increase followed by a reduction to baseline levels over the first 30 nights of treatment. The accommodative response was lower than expected for all target vergences in all visits (BL: 0.61 D at 1.00 D to 0.96 D at 5.00 D; 60 N: 0.36 D at 1.00 D to 0.79 D at 5.00 D). On average, the accommodative lag decreases over time with OK lens wear. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.050, repeated-measures ANOVA and Friedman test). This shows that overnight OK treatment does not affect objectively measured the accommodative response of young, low myopic eyes after two months of treatment stabilization.
PDF
