We describe an algorithm for animating time-dependent quantum wave functions in one dimension with very high accuracy. The algorithm employs the Crank–Nicholson approximation for the time dependence ...along with a Numerov extension of the discrete transparent boundary conditions described recently by Ehrhardt. We illustrate the power of this approach by simulating the decay of alpha particles from radioactive nuclei and the resonance scattering of electrons in a three-layer GaAs–GaAlAs sandwich.
We report a formalism for the study of quasibound states, defined here broadly as those states having a connectedness to true bound states through the variation of some physical parameter. The theory ...admits quasibound states with real energies (stationary quasibound states) and quantum resonances within the same framework, and makes a clean distinction between these states and those of the associated continuum. The approach taken here builds on our earlier work by clarifying several crucial points and extending the formalism to encompass a variety of continuous spectra, including those with degeneracies. The theory is illustrated by examining several cases pertinent to applications widely discussed in the literature. The related issue of observing stationary quasibound states also is addressed. We argue that the Adiabatic Theorem of quantum mechanics not only establishes the criteria necessary for their detection, but also engenders a method for assigning to them a level width that is sufficiently distinct from that of quantum resonances so as to allow the two to be differentiated experimentally.
The failure of conventional quantum theory to recognize time as an observable and to admit time operators is addressed. Instead of focusing on the existence of a time operator for a given ...Hamiltonian, we emphasize the role of the Hamiltonian as the generator of translations in time to construct time states. Taken together, these states constitute what we call a
timeline
. Such timelines are adequate for the representation of any physical state, and appear to exist even for the semi-bounded and discrete Hamiltonian systems ruled out by Pauli’s theorem. However, the step from a timeline to a valid time operator requires additional assumptions that are not always met. Still, this approach illuminates the issues surrounding the construction of time operators, and establishes timelines as legitimate alternatives to the familiar coordinate and momentum bases of standard quantum theory.
To solve the discrete version of the stationary state Schrodinger equation to Numerov accuracy, the author uses boundary conditions at the limits of the computational domain that mimic an interval of ...infinite extent. He also describes methods for finding particle energies, scattering coefficients, and partial-wave phase shifts.
— A low‐temperature amorphous‐silicon (a‐Si:H) thin‐film‐transistor (TFT) backplane technology for high‐information‐content flexible displays has been developed. Backplanes were integrated with ...frontplane technologies to produce high‐performance active‐matrix reflective electrophoretic ink, reflective cholesteric liquid crystal and emissive OLED flexible‐display technology demonstrators (TDs). Backplanes up to 4 in. on the diagonal have been fabricated on a 6‐in. wafer‐scale pilot line. The critical steps in the evolution of backplane technology, from qualification of baseline low‐temperature (180°C) a‐Si:H process on the 6‐in. line with rigid substrates, to transferring the process to flexible plastic and flexible stainless‐steel substrates, to form factor scale‐up of the TFT arrays, and finally manufacturing scale‐up to a Gen 2 (370 × 470 mm) display‐scale pilot line, will be reviewed.
We have developed a formalism that includes both quasibound states with real energies and quantum resonances within the same theoretical framework, and that admits a clean and unambiguous distinction ...between these states and the states of the embedding continuum. States described broadly as 'quasibound' are defined as having a connectedness (in the mathematical sense) to true bound states through the growth of some parameter. The approach taken here builds on our earlier work by clarifying several crucial points and extending the formalism to encompass a variety of continuous spectra, including those with degenerate energy levels. The result is a comprehensive framework for the study of quasibound states. The theory is illustrated by examining several cases pertinent to applications widely discussed in the literature.
The failure of conventional quantum theory to recognize time as an observable and to admit time operators is addressed. Instead of focusing on the existence of a time operator for a given ...Hamiltonian, we emphasize the role of the Hamiltonian as the generator of translations in time to construct time states. Taken together, these states constitute what we call a timeline, or quantum history, that is adequate for the representation of any physical state of the system. Such timelines appear to exist even for the semi-bounded and discrete Hamiltonian systems ruled out by Pauli's theorem. However, the step from a timeline to a valid time operator requires additional assumptions that are not always met. Still, this approach illuminates the crucial issue surrounding the construction of time operators, and establishes quantum histories as legitimate alternatives to the familiar coordinate and momentum bases of standard quantum theory.
A low temperature, 180 °C, amorphous Si (a‐Si:H) process on bonded polyethylene naphthalate substrates is discussed and a 4.1‐inch QVGA active matrix (AM) phosphorescent OLED display is demonstrated. ...The n‐channel thin‐film transistors (TFTs) exhibited saturation mobilities of 0.773 cm2/V‐sec, layer to layer registration distortion less than 10ppm and low defectivity. The efficiency of the OLED display is 39 cd/A at 500 nits.
In this paper we describe solutions to effectively address critical challenges in direct fabrication of amorphous silicon thin film transistor (TFTs) arrays for active matrix flexible displays. For ...both metal foil and plastic flexible substrates a manufacturable handling protocol in automated display-scale equipment is required. We have successfully demonstrated a temporary bonding protocol that required development of new enabling materials, tools and processes. For metal foil substrates, the principal challenges are planarization and electrical isolation, and management of stress (CTE mismatch) during TFT fabrication. For plastic substrates, the principal challenges are dimensional instability management in conjunction with manufacturing-ready temporary adhesives. Solutions required a systems-level approach to address the challenges of the substrates and their handling simultaneously.
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