U radu se analiziraju promjene u ukupnom kretanju broja stanovnika u naseljima Grada Knina u posljednja dva međupopisna razdoblja (1991. – 2001., 2001. – 2011.) te promjene u narodnosnoj strukturi ...stanovništva. Budući da je rat prouzročio prisilne migracije koje su odredile demografske procese na tom području, posebna pažnja pridaje se proučavanju migracijskih obilježja stanovništva. Rezultati analize pokazuju da su se najveće promjene u demografskoj slici toga područja dogodile u međupopisnom razdoblju 1991. – 2001. Obje komponente (prirodno i mehaničko kretanje) koje su bile negativne dovele su do znatnog pada broja stanovnika te do izrazitog smanjivanja autohtonog stanovništva. Posljedica toga je promjena narodnosne strukture. Predratno srpsko stanovništvo smanjeno je za više od tri četvrtine, a doseljavanje stanovništva iz ostalih dijelova Hrvatske te iz Bosne i Hercegovine dovelo je do prevage Hrvata. Unatoč pozitivnom migracijskom saldu u posljednjem međupopisnom razdoblju, u većini naselja, koje obuhvaća ovo istraživanje, nepovoljni demografski procesi, okarakterizirani negativnom prirodnom promjenom te demografskim starenjem stanovništva, upućuju na nastavak depopulacije koja će u nekim naseljima dovesti do demografskog izumiranja.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Over the last fifty years, the proportion of extra-marital births has increased significantly in all European countries. In this respect, Croatia falls in the group of countries with a low percentage ...of extra-marital births, albeit with significant regional differences. The objective of this paper is to analyse extra-marital birth trends on the larger Croatian islands over a period of almost fifty years (1970-2017). The focus of our research was the island of Korčula (especially the western part – the towns of Vela Luka and Blato), which shows significantly higher extra-marital birth rates than the other islands during the observed period. In addition to data from the Croatian Bureau of Statistics regarding birth rates in rural areas, information from 19th-century birth registers was also used to explain the reasons Korčula’s distinctiveness in terms of extra-marital births.
This article analyzes interethnic marriage in Croatia in terms of nationality throughout a forty-five year period (1970-2015) on the basis of vital statistics with special consideration of the Czech ...minority. The usual method of endogamy/exogamy percentage and the odds ratio method were applied. The results show that the percentage of endogamous marriages in Croatia has significantly risen after 1991. Different ethnic groups display various attitudes towards endogamy, ranging from 15 to over 90 percent. Along with Italians, Hungarians and Slovaks, Czechs are less endogamous than other national minorities. Gender differences, contrary to the conclusions in the literature, show that Czech men enter into marriage outside their group less often than Czech women. The change of political climate in Croatia during the 1990s resulted not only in the increase of endogamy, but also affected the structure of mixed marriages among Czechs.
U radu se analiziraju uzroci i značajke demografskog starenja stanovništva u Šibensko-kninskoj županiji s pomoću osnovnih demografskih pokazatelja prema popisima stanovništva od 1971. do 2011. ...godine. Analizira se prostorna diferencijacija demografskog starenja na razini mikroregija u županiji, na razini gradova/općina te naselja. Dana je i usporedba starenja stanovništva hrvatskih županija iz čega proizlazi da Šibensko-kninska županija, zajedno s Ličko-senjskom, ima najstarije stanovništvo u Hrvatskoj. Starenje u Šibensko-kninskoj županiji, uvjetovano izrazitim ruralnim egzodusom koji je bio intenzivan od kraja 60-ih i početkom 70-ih godina 20. stoljeća te kontinuiranim smanjivanjem fertiliteta i naslijeđenom starosnom strukturom, prisutno je na svim teritorijalnim razinama Županije. Iako je proces starenja započeo u primorskom dijelu, zagorski prostor je više i brže ostario nego Primorje. Na osnovi brojnih pokazatelja demografske starosti i intenziteta starenja, proizlazi da prema stupnju bodovne demografske ostarjelosti stanovništvo Šibensko-kninske županije odlikuje vrlo duboka starost, međutim više od polovice naselja ima obilježja izrazite duboke ili krajnje duboke starosti.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Posljednjih pedeset godina u svim europskim zemljama znatno se povećao udio izvanbračnoga rađanja. Republika Hrvatska u tom pogledu pripada skupini zemalja s niskim udjelima, ali s naglašenim ...regionalnim razlikama. Cilj je rada analiza dinamike kretanja rađanja izvan braka na većim hrvatskim otocima u skoro pedesetogodišnjem razdoblju (1970. – 2017.). U središte istraživanja stavljen je otok Korčula koji se u cijelom promatranom razdoblju izdvaja od ostaloga otočnog prostora sa znatno većim udjelima rođene djece izvan braka, osobito njegov zapadni dio (Vela Luka i Blato). Osim podataka vitalne statistike Državnoga zavoda za statistiku na razini naselja, korišteni su i podaci matičnih knjiga iz 19. stoljeća s ciljem da se objasne razlozi posebnosti korčulanskoga prostora u pogledu izvanbračnih rađanja.
Over the last fifty years, the proportion of extra-marital births has increased significantly in all European countries. In this respect, Croatia falls in the group of countries with a low percentage ...of extra-marital births, albeit with significant regional differences. The objective of this paper is to analyse extra-marital birth trends on the larger Croatian islands over a period of almost fifty years (1970-2017). The focus of our research was the island of Korčula (especially the western part – the towns of Vela Luka and Blato), which shows significantly higher extra-marital birth rates than the other islands during the observed period. In addition to data from the Croatian Bureau of Statistics regarding birth rates in rural areas, information from 19th-century birth registers was also used to explain the reasons Korčula’s distinctiveness in terms of extra-marital births.
U radu se analiziraju promjene u ukupnom kretanju broja stanovnika u naseljima Grada Knina u dva posljednja međupopisna razdoblja (1991.-2001., 2001.-2011.) te promjene u narodnosnoj strukturi ...stanovništva. Kako je rat prouzročio prisilne migracije koje su odredile demografske procese na tom području, posebna pažnja pridaje se proučavanju migracijskih obilježja stanovništva. Rezultati analize pokazuje da su se najveće promjene u demografskoj slici toga područja dogodile u međupopisnom razdoblju 1991.-2001. Obje komponente, koje su bile negativne, dovele su do znatnog pada broja stanovnika te do izrazitog smanjivanja autohtonog stanovništva. Posljedica toga jest promjena narodnosne strukture; predratno srpsko stanovništvo smanjeno je za više od tri četvrtine, a doseljavanje stanovništva iz ostalih dijelova Hrvatske te iz Bosne i Hercegovine dovelo je do dominacije Hrvata. Unatoč pozitivnom migracijskom saldu u posljednjem međupopisnom razdoblju, u većini naselja, koje obuhvaća ovo istraživanje, nepovoljni demografski procesi, okarakterizirani negativnim prirodnim prirastom te demografskim starenjem stanovništva, ukazuju na nastavak depopulacije koja će u nekim naseljima dovesti do demografskog izumiranja.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Population aging, as well as general depopulation, represents the most important demographic process in the Republic of Croatia, which is characterized by a high degree of aging. The results of this ...research show that the aging process is present at a large scale in Croatia, though there are differences in the values of various indicators of population aging in relation to regional differences. The aim of this research was to identify settlements which were demographically revitalized, demographically old or demographically depressed areas among 6,606 Croatian settlements. The analysis was made by utilizing 11 variables for 6,606 settlements (while ignoring those settlements which had no population at all): three variables related to total population change (growth rate, migration and natural change in the last intercensal period 2001–2011); seven vari ables related to demographic aging based on the results of 2011 census (mean age, the percentage of population aged 0–14, the percentage of population aged 65 or over, the percentage of population aged 75 or over, the percentage of population aged 80 or over, aging index, old age dependency ratio) and the demographic corrective variable related to the population of settlements in 2011. All these variables were compared to the mean values at the level of the Republic of Croatia in order to generate the model of demograp hically depressed areas (iddp): extremely depressed areas, weakly depressed areas, areas of the impending demographic depression, non-depressed areas and extremely non-de pressed areas. Additionally, the use of GIS tools allowed the analysis of distance betwe en demographically old settlements and healthcare centres, which provided information about whether those settlements were isolated or not according to the given standard of distance. The results show that a relatively better demographic situation is present in continental areas and coastal areas near larger cities. Most settlements in those areas be long to the non-depressed group or the group of the impending depression. Demographic situation is especially unfavourable in Karlovac County, Sisak-Moslavina County and the interior of Dalmatia and Istria. In other words, there are 3,300 settlements in Croatia characterized by demographic depression, which is equal to 50% of the total number of settlements. Those settlements take up 50% of Croatia’s total area and 8% of its total po pulation (324,000). All these settlements have rural characteristics, they are poorly po pulated and spatially isolated. As much as three-quarters of those settlements are outside of their respective healthcare centres within 15-kilometre range. Additionally, nearly three-quarters of those settlements are characterized by the latest stage of demographic aging (most advanced demographic age). In many of those settlements, age pyramids have been inverted due to a significant reduction in their population as well as a high degree of aging. Those settlements can no longer (bio) dynamically regenerate. Those areas can no longer be revitalized by means of immigration either. Instead, it is necessary for the state to engage in providing (long-term) social and health care, not merely in its own institutions, but in people’s homes as well, in order to ameliorate the effects of de mographic aging and depopulation and to provide the elderly population with quality and dignity in their old age.
This paper analyses demographic ageing of the population in the County of Šibenik-Knin by using basic demographic indicators based on data collected from population censuses from 1971 to 2011. It ...analyses spatial differentiation of the ageing process at the level of the County, micro-regions, towns/municipalities and settlements. The research also provides a comparison of population ageing in different counties of the Republic of Croatia, from which it is evident that the County of Šibenik-Knin, as well as the Country of Lika-Senj, has the oldest population in Croatia. Ageing in the County of Šibenik-Knin, which was triggered by extreme rural exodus that was most intensive from the end of 1960s to the early 1970s, as well as by continuous declining fertility rates and by inherited age composition, was recorded at all territorial levels of the County. Although the ageing process started in littoral area (Primorje), hinterland (Zagora) experienced a faster and more intensive ageing. Based on numerous indicators of demographic ageing and its intensity, and compared with the point value indicators of ageing, it is evident that the population of the County of Šibenik-Knin is characterized by advanced old age. However, more than half of the observed settlements are characterized by very advanced or extremely advanced old age.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Over the past three decades, Croatia has been experiencing a process of depopulation and population aging. This is the result of demographic changes in the past, especially in the second half of the ...20th century. In this paper, the index of demographic-depressed areas (iddp) for the settlements of Croatia was derived using GIS multicriteria analysis (GIS-MCDA). An iddp was derived for all Croatian counties (21) and detailed analysis of demographic-depressed and vital areas was conducted for the settlements of Međimurje County (131). This is recognised as the county with the highest achieved level of socio-economic development. A new methodological framework for deriving an iddp based on eight selected demographic variables has been proposed. The iddp was derived with GIS based on eight selected criteria using data from 2011 census results. The degree of demographic depression was divided into five classes: (A) distinctly depressed area, (B) less depressed area, (C) area at the edge of demographic depression, (D) vital area, and (E) distinctly vital area. The accuracy of the derived index was verified by analysing age-sex pyramids of the most depressed and vital settlements. The distinctly depressed demographic (A) is the predominant form of demographic settlement development in the six counties. These are areas that have been affected by rural exodus and depopulation, both of which were further intensified by the war from 1991 to 1995. Međimurje County was categorised as a (D) vital area. However, of the 131 settlements in the county, 28 were identified as demographic-depressed and 72 as vital. More than half of these 72 settlements (42) have the characteristics of a distinctly vital area, which is the highest proportion among all counties. The most vital settlements were Parag, Kuršanec, and Piškorovec. Their main feature is that a significant proportion of their population belongs to the Roma demographic. Derived population pyramids confirm the consistency of the generated index. Međimurje County is characterised by high variability among results (from extremely depressed to extremely non-depressed spaces), which indicates the impossibility of adopting uniform measures and policies throughout the county. In the future, the identified vital settlements have the potential to become the county's primary demographic resource. The proposed classification of settlements according to the derived index (iddp) could serve as a useful instrument in designing development policies or measures for this specific administrative-territorial unit.
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