Despite the high diversity of bats in neotropics, traditional methods such as mist nets, harp traps and roost detection have limitations in capturing that diversity in a landscape, with most detected ...species restricted to those that forage in the undergrowth or enclosed spaces. Therefore, acoustic records become a tool that complements and enhances the efforts to get more complete bat inventories while avoiding alterations in usual foraging activities and disruption in their life cycles. This study describes the acoustic parameters (spectral and temporal variables) of the echolocation pulses of insectivorous bats to characterise different species of bats in Southwest Colombia acoustically. We recorded echolocation calls between December 2017 and May 2020 in the Andean and Pacific regions of the Department of Nariño. We analysed 81 sequences of echolocation calls from eight bat species belonging to three families: Vespertilionidae, Molossidae and Emballonuridae. We perform recordings on free-flying bats with identity corroboration by capture for recording in flight rooms and examination in the hand.
Myotis riparius
and
Lasiurus blossevillii
were recorded for the first time in the Nariño Department.
M. albescens
,
M. keaysi
,
M. riparius
and
L. blossevillii
(Vespertilionidae) had pulses of frequency modulated (FM) with a quasi-constant frequency (QCF) ending;
Molossus molossus
,
Tadarida brasiliensis
and
Promops centralis
(Molossidae) had pulses with constant frequency (CF) and QCF; and
Saccopteryx bilineata
(Emballonuridae) had pulses with QCF. This study contributes to the efforts to facilitate the identification of insectivorous bats of the Neotropics using the acoustic monitoring approaches, represents a reference to compare the acoustic studies in Southwestern Colombia and contributes to increasing our knowledge of the bat diversity in the region.
Scope
This study examines the long‐term functional effects of d‐fagomine on sucrose‐induced factors of metabolic dysfunctions and explores possible molecular mechanisms behind its action.
Methods and ...results
Wistar Kyoto rats are fed a 35% sucrose solution with d‐fagomine (or not, for comparison) or mineral water (controls) for 24 weeks. The following are recorded: body weight; energy intake; glucose tolerance; plasma leptin concentration and lipid profile; populations of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, bacteroidales, clostridiales, enterobacteriales, and Escherichia coli in feces; blood pressure; urine uric acid and F2t isoprostanes (F2‐IsoPs); perigonadal fat deposition; and hepatic histology and diacylglycerols (DAGs) in liver and adipose tissue. d‐Fagomine reduces sucrose‐induced hypertension, urine uric acid and F2‐IsoPs (markers of oxidative stress), steatosis, and liver DAGs, without significantly affecting perigonadal fat deposition, and impaired glucose tolerance. It also promotes excretion of enterobacteriales generated by the dietary intervention.
Conclusion
d‐fagomine counteracts sucrose‐induced steatosis and hypertension, presumably by reducing the postprandial levels of fructose in the liver.
The buckwheat iminosugar d‐fagomine reduces high‐sucrose‐induced hypertension, urine uric acid, and F2‐isoprostanes (markers of oxidative stress), steatosis, and liver diacylglicerols, without affecting perigonadal fat deposition. It is suggested that d‐fagomine counteracts sucrose‐induced steatosis and hypertension by reducing the postprandial levels of fructose in the liver.
RESUMEN La investigación pretende estudiar la implementación de la estrategia de práctica fragmentada o chunking durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje pianístico de 30 estudiantes del ...Conservatorio Superior de Música de Aragón. Se llevó a cabo una metodología observacional y un diseño ideográfico, multidimensional y de seguimiento en el tiempo, con el formato de campo como instrumento de observación. Para el análisis de datos se recurrió a la detección de T-Patterns mediante el programa THÈME. Como resultado se evidencia que, en todas las ocasiones en las que se ha puesto en práctica la estrategia, el estudiante ha logrado obtener una interpretación musical resultante satisfactoria. Asimismo, se han obtenido los patrones temporales relativos a las secuencias de aparición de errores cometidos por el estudiante en la interpretación, tras poner en práctica dicha estrategia, lo que permite vislumbrar sus implicaciones didácticas y musicales.
Diversas investigaciones en el ámbito de la enseñanza han evidenciado como la motivación de cualquier estudiante resulta ser un factor esencial para que se lleve a cabo un aprendizaje eficaz. La ...formación del alumnado se convierte en un proceso interactivo que no está supeditado exclusivamente al sujeto que aprende, sino que depende de la tarea, de su contenido, de cómo sea presentada y del contexto en el que se lleva a cabo el proceso. En el presente trabajo se analizan diversas propuestas y pautas de interven- ción motivacional relativas al contexto en el que se realiza el aprendizaje, en este caso, en lo referente al aprendizaje de un instrumento musical. Para ello, se ha efectuado un análisis de contenido de siete libros representativos de la didáctica pianística del siglo XX verificando la importancia de la motivación durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de eminentes maestros de piano como Karl Leimer, Alfredo Casella, Javier Alfonso, Andor Foldes, Heinrich Neuhaus y Stewart Gordon. Como resultado, se ha evidenciado que la mayor parte de las estrategias de intervención motivacional halladas en dichos textos no presentan ninguna justificación teórica que las avale, sino que son fruto de la propia experiencia docente. A modo de conclusión, se divulgan propuestas motivacionales válidas, no sólo para llevarlas a cabo en el trans- curso de las clases de instrumento, sino también para que acompañen y motiven al alumnado durante su estudio individual.
The present study addressed the ability of long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA), i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), to ameliorate liver protein damage ...derived from oxidative stress and induced by consumption of high-caloric diets, typical of Westernized countries. The experimental design included an animal model of Sprague-Dawley rats fed high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet supplemented with ω-3 EPA and DHA for a complete hepatic proteome analysis to map carbonylated proteins involved in specific metabolic pathways. Results showed that the intake of marine ω-3 PUFA through diet significantly decreased liver protein carbonylation caused by long-term HFHS consumption and increased antioxidant system. Fish oil modulated the carbonylation level of more than twenty liver proteins involved in critical metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism (e.g., albumin), carbohydrate metabolism (e.g., pyruvate carboxylase), detoxification process (e.g., aldehyde dehydrogenase 2), urea cycle (e.g., carbamoyl-phosphate synthase), cytoskeleton dynamics (e.g., actin), or response to oxidative stress (e.g., catalase) among others, which might be under the control of diet marine ω-3 PUFA. In parallel, fish oil significantly changed the liver fatty acid profile given by the HFHS diet, resulting in a more anti-inflammatory phenotype. In conclusion, the present study highlights the significance of marine ω-3 PUFA intake for the health of rats fed a Westernized diet by describing several key metabolic pathways which are protected in liver.
Grabado sobre matrices de aluminio Hernández Muñoz, Silvia María; López Alonso, Francisco
AusArt Aldizkaria,
04/2023, Letnik:
11, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
El siguiente texto investiga el empleo de cinco modelos de planchas de aluminio como soporte alternativo de grabado sustituyendo a los metales utilizados frecuentemente. Se analiza la composición de ...las planchas por medio de microscopía electrónica de barrido y se presentan las características principales de las planchas y su composición, fundamental para comprender la resistencia que ofrecen a los medios corrosivos. Como segunda parte del ensayo se establece una comparativa de precios en el mercado entre aluminio cobre y zinc y se muestran los diferentes tipos de resultados y procesos de grabado que se pueden llevar a cabo sobre el metal. Finalmente se hace un estudio de la reacción química que se produce con cloruro de hierro sobre aluminio, para comparar todos los resultados y establecer cuáles son los mas adecuados para grabar y se presentan ejemplos de algunos resultados exclusivos que se consiguen únicamente al grabar sobre este material con mordidas en superficie, mordidas por baño y la de impresión planográfica sobre planchas fotosensibles junto con sus resultados.
What did he eat? Rodrigo-Rey, Sara; Gutiérrez-Ortiz, Consuelo; Muñoz, Silvia ...
Survey of ophthalmology,
09/2021, Letnik:
66, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A 13-year-old boy reported acute horizontal binocular diplopia and headache. Ten days before these symptoms he suffered from a gastrointestinal infection. Ophthalmological examination revealed ...bilateral ophthalmoparesis and diffuse hyporeflexia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was normal. Lumbar puncture revealed albumin-cytological dissociation. There were no anti-GQ1b antibodies, but serum anti-GM1 antibodies were detected. He received intravenous immunoglobulins and had fully recovered two weeks later. Miller Fisher syndrome and its atypical variants are uncommon in childhood; nevertheless, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bilateral acute ophthalmoparesis.
El artículo plantea la necesidad de rediseñar la política pública dirigida a las mujeres en Cali, considerando la reconfiguración del problema a partir de herramientas de política pública en la ...dimensión sociocultural, articulando las iniciativas en masculinidades no hegemónicas. Investigación exploratoria-descriptiva con entrevistas, grupos focales y encuestas a organizaciones de hombres y a la Subsecretaría de Equidad de Género. Los hallazgos más importantes se establecen a partir de la brecha en los estudios de la implementación de la política y la evidencia de fallas en el diseño. La política se diseñó a partir del modelo bottom up, dada la participación como elemento fundamental, y se corrobora que los valores de las mujeres y sus búsquedas de igualdad entran en contradicción con la estructura de la política pública. Además, el paradigma de la nueva gobernanza pública muestra la realidad de la política puesta en marcha, y sugiere ajustes a su estructura y formulación, en especial al diseño, como fundamental. Por lo anterior, se propone como aporte una modelación para la formulación de política pública que disminuya los riesgos en la implementación y posibilite la evaluación en el tiempo.
Diet-induced obesity has been linked to metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases andtype 2 diabetes. A factor linking diet to metabolic disorders is oxidative stress, which can ...damagebiomolecules, especially proteins. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of marineomega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)) and their combination with grape seed polyphenols (GSE) on carbonyl-modified proteins fromplasma and liver in Wistar Kyoto rats fed an obesogenic diet, namely high-fat and high-sucrose (HFHS)diet. A proteomics approach consisting of fluorescein 5-thiosemicarbazide (FTSC) labelling of proteincarbonyls, visualization of FTSC-labelled protein on 1-DE or 2-DE gels, and protein identification byMS/MS was used for the protein oxidation assessment. Results showed the efficiency of the combinationof both bioactive compounds in decreasing the total protein carbonylation induced by HFHS diet in bothplasma and liver. The analysis of carbonylated protein targets, also referred to as the 'carbonylome',revealed an individual response of liver proteins to supplements and a modulatory effect on specificmetabolic pathways and processes due to, at least in part, the control exerted by the supplements on theliver protein carbonylome. This investigation highlights the additive effect of dietary fish oils and grapeseed polyphenols in modulating in vivo oxidative damage of proteins induced by the consumption ofHFHS diets.
Diets estimated from different proxies such as stable isotopes, stomach contents, and dental microwear often disagree, leading to nominally well‐supported but greatly differing estimates of diet for ...both extinct and extant species that complicate our understanding of ecology. We show that these perceived incongruences can be caused by proxies recording diet over vastly different timescales. Field observations reveal a diet averaged over minutes or hours, whereas dental morphology may reflect the diet of a lineage over millions of years of evolution. Failing to explicitly consider the scale of proxies and the potentially large temporal variability in diet can cause erroneous predictions in any downstream analyses such as conservation planning or paleohabitat reconstructions. We propose a cross‐scale framework for conceptualizing diet suitable for both modern ecologists and paleontologists and provide recommendations for any studies involving dietary data. Treating diet in this temporally explicit framework and matching the scale of our questions with the scale of our data will lead to a much richer and clearer understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes.
Different proxies can return very different estimates of an animal's diet because they record diet over vastly different timescales. We review the effects of temporal scaling on dietary analysis and provide recommendations for using dietary data effectively. With a cross scale framework and multiple proxies, we can infer an animal's diet from seconds to millions of years of evolutionary history.
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