Biosensors are emerging as efficient (sensitive and selective) and affordable analytical diagnostic tools for early-stage disease detection, as required for personalized health wellness management. ...Low-level detection of a targeted disease biomarker (pM level) has emerged extremely useful to evaluate the progression of disease under therapy. Such collected bioinformatics and its multi-aspects-oriented analytics is in demand to explore the effectiveness of a prescribed treatment, optimize therapy, and correlate biomarker level with disease pathogenesis. Owing to nanotechnology-enabled advancements in sensing unit fabrication, device integration, interfacing, packaging, and sensing performance at point-of-care (POC) has rendered diagnostics according to the requirements of disease management and patient disease profile i.e. in a personalized manner. Efforts are continuously being made to promote the state of art biosensing technology as a next-generation non-invasive disease diagnostics methodology. Keeping this in view, this progressive opinion article describes personalized health care management related analytical tools which can provide access to better health for everyone, with overreaching aim to manage healthy tomorrow timely. Considering accomplishments and predictions, such affordable intelligent diagnostics tools are urgently required to manage COVID-19 pandemic, a life-threatening respiratory infectious disease, where a rapid, selective and sensitive detection of human beta severe acute respiratory system coronavirus (SARS-COoV-2) protein is the key factor.
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•Investigated efficient miniaturized nano-enabled sensors are suitable for POC diagnostics.•Smartphone assisted POC diagnostics is making personalized diagnostics possible.•AI is managing bioinformatics and big data analytics to optimize personalized wellness.•AI supported IoT-based diagnostics is emerging for targeted disease management.•AI and IoT assisted POC diagnostics are needed for COVID-19 pandemic management.
The influence of the substrate temperature on pulsed laser deposited (PLD) CoFe2O4 thin films for supercapacitor electrodes was thoroughly investigated. X-ray diffractometry and Raman spectroscopic ...analyses confirmed the formation of CoFe2O4 phase for films deposited at a substrate temperature of 450 °C. Topography and surface smoothness was measured using atomic force microscopy. We observed that the films deposited at room temperature showed improved electrochemical performance and supercapacitive properties compared to those of films deposited at 450 °C. Specific capacitances of about 777.4 F g−1 and 258.5 F g−1 were obtained for electrodes deposited at RT and 450 °C, respectively, at 0.5 mA cm−2 current density. The CoFe2O4 films deposited at room temperature exhibited an excellent power density (3277 W kg−1) and energy density (17 W h kg−1). Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the series resistance and charge transfer resistance were found to be 1.1 Ω and 1.5 Ω, respectively. The cyclic stability was increased up to 125% after 1500 cycles due to the increasing electroactive surface of CoFe2O4 along with the fast electron and ion transport at the surface.
Research studies have been carried out to accentuate Fennel Seed Spent, a by-product of the Nutraceutical Industry, as an inexpensive, recyclable and operational biosorbent for bioremediation of Acid ...Blue 113 (AB113) in simulated water-dye samples and textile industrial effluent (TIE). The physical process of adhesion of AB113 on the surface of the biosorbent depends on various parameters, such as the initial amount of the dye, amount and expanse of the biosorbent particles, pH of the solution and temperature of the medium. The data obtained was analyzed using three two-parameter and five three-parameter adsorption isotherm models to glean the adsorbent affinities and interaction mechanism of the adsorbate molecules and adsorbent surface. The adsorption feature study is conducted employing models of Weber-Morris, pseudo 1st and 2nd order, diffusion film model, Dumwald-Wagner and Avrami model. The study through 2nd order pseudo and Avrami models produced complementary results for the authentication of experimental data. The thermodynamic features, ΔG
, ΔH
, and ΔS
of the adsorption process are acclaimed to be almost spontaneous, physical in nature and endothermic in their manifestation. Surface characterization was carried out using Scanner Electron Microscopy, and identification and determination of chemical species and molecular structure was performed using Infrared Spectroscopy (IR). Maximum adsorption evaluated using statistical optimization with different combinations of five independent variables to study the individual as well as combined effects by Fractional Factorial Experimental Design (FFED) was 236.18 mg g
under optimized conditions; pH of 2, adsorbent dosage of 0.500 g L
, and an initial dye concentration of 209.47 mg L
for an adsorption time of 126.62 min with orbital shaking of 165 rpm at temperature 49.95 °C.
A floating emissive probe is applied in conjunction with pulsed laser photo-detachment of O super(-) ions to enable measurement of the dynamic evolution in a plasma potential resulting from the ...presence of photoelectrons in a 13.56MHz inductive radio-frequency oxygen discharge. The emissive probe emits thermionic electrons, allowing it to reach a saturation potential which is characterized as the local space potential of the plasma. After the photo-detachment pulse, the local space plasma potential in the illuminated region shoots up to a higher positive value and then relaxes to equilibrium in microsecond time scales. Using the relaxation time of the space potential, the negative ion temperature of O super(-) is estimated over a 10-50 mTorr range and is found to be in the 0.19-0.03 eV range. The negative ion temperature measured by this method is found to be lower than that calculated from the time evolution in electron density resulting from photo-detachment which is independently measured using a resonance hairpin probe.
•Metal organic framework (MOF) derived NiFe2O4 (NFO) synthesized as electrode material in supercapacitors.•Different morphologies such as threads, mesh-like structures, and grains were achieved at ...annealing temperatures of 460 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C, respectively.•The MOF derived NFO obtained by annealing at 500 °C (NFO500) exhibits mesoporous nature with a specific surface area of 38.17 m2 g−1.•NFO 500 has a specific capacitance of 833 F g−1 at 0.25 A g−1 with 74% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles at 3 A g−1.•NFO500 electrode has notable electrochemical performances in terms of specific energy and specific power (42 Wh kg−1 at 154 W kg−1).
The aim of this work is to obtain different morphologies of the metal organic framework (MOF) derived NiFe2O4 (NFO) for supercapacitor application. The NFO samples were obtained by annealing solvothermaly synthesized NiFe2 MOF. The crystalline phase, morphology, particle size, and presence of functional groups of NFO were investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. Moreover, chemical states, surface area, and pore size distribution of the optimized sample are evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and surface area analyzer, respectively. The cubic spinel structured MOF derived NFO with different morphologies like threads, mesh-like structure, and grains were obtained at annealing temperatures of 460 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed the organic ligands decomposes with increasing annealing temperature. XPS analysis showed that MOF derived NFO prepared by annealing at 500 °C (NFO500) has Ni2+, Fe2+, and Fe3+ states with some NiO impurities. Sharp edged rhombus nanoplates with interconnected mesh-like structure was observed for MOF derived NFO500. The synthesized MOF derived NFO500 electrode showed a mesoporous nature with a specific surface area of 38.17 m2 g−1, which can be favourable for efficient charge transfer and high energy storage capability. The MOF derived NFO500 electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 833 F g−1 and specific energy of 42 Wh kg−1 at a specific power of 154 W kg−1 in 1 M KOH. After 3000 continuous cycles, NFO500 retained 74% capacitance at 3 A g−1 with 84% coulombic efficiency. The good electrochemical performance of MOF derived NFO500 compared to other samples is attributed to the mesh-like structure facilitating the diffusion of OH− ions into the electrode and the low charge-transfer resistance (2.7 Ω cm−2) between electrode and electrolyte interface. This study highlights the utility of modifying the morphologies of MOF derived nanostructures for energy storage applications.
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A new method for pulsed laser deposition of plasmonic silver nanoparticle (NP) films in flowing gas at atmospheric pressure is described. The ablation was done using an excimer laser at 248 nm. Fast ...optical imaging shows that the ablation plume is captured by the flowing gas, and is expected to form a NP aerosol, which is carried 5-20 mm to the substrate. The dependence of the deposition rate on laser fluence, gas flow velocity, and target-substrate distance was investigated using electron microscopy and absorption spectroscopy of the deposited films. The NP films were annealed in argon and hydrogen at 400 °C, and in air for temperatures in the range 200 °C-900 °C, leading to strong enhancement, and narrowing of the surface plasmon resonance. The films were used for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy of a 10−5 molar solution of Rhodamine 6G; films annealed in air at 400 °C were five times more sensitive than the as-deposited films.
The influence of the substrate temperature on pulsed laser deposited (PLD) CoFe
O
thin films for supercapacitor electrodes was thoroughly investigated. X-ray diffractometry and Raman spectroscopic ...analyses confirmed the formation of CoFe
O
phase for films deposited at a substrate temperature of 450 °C. Topography and surface smoothness was measured using atomic force microscopy. We observed that the films deposited at room temperature showed improved electrochemical performance and supercapacitive properties compared to those of films deposited at 450 °C. Specific capacitances of about 777.4 F g
and 258.5 F g
were obtained for electrodes deposited at RT and 450 °C, respectively, at 0.5 mA cm
current density. The CoFe
O
films deposited at room temperature exhibited an excellent power density (3277 W kg
) and energy density (17 W h kg
). Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the series resistance and charge transfer resistance were found to be 1.1 Ω and 1.5 Ω, respectively. The cyclic stability was increased up to 125% after 1500 cycles due to the increasing electroactive surface of CoFe
O
along with the fast electron and ion transport at the surface.
Gingivo-buccal oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC-GB), an anatomical and clinical subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is prevalent in regions where tobacco-chewing is common. ...Exome sequencing (n=50) and recurrence testing (n=60) reveals that some significantly and frequently altered genes are specific to OSCC-GB (USP9X, MLL4, ARID2, UNC13C and TRPM3), while some others are shared with HNSCC (for example, TP53, FAT1, CASP8, HRAS and NOTCH1). We also find new genes with recurrent amplifications (for example, DROSHA, YAP1) or homozygous deletions (for example, DDX3X) in OSCC-GB. We find a high proportion of C>G transversions among tobacco users with high numbers of mutations. Many pathways that are enriched for genomic alterations are specific to OSCC-GB. Our work reveals molecular subtypes with distinctive mutational profiles such as patients predominantly harbouring mutations in CASP8 with or without mutations in FAT1. Mean duration of disease-free survival is significantly elevated in some molecular subgroups. These findings open new avenues for biological characterization and exploration of therapies.
NO2 gas sensor based on for Zn2SnO4 thin films prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Method.
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NO2 sensors based on Zn2SnO4 (Zinc Stannate) films were synthesized using spray pyrolysis method. ...The effect of substrate temperature (phase formation) on NO2 response is studied. XRD, SEM and AFM techniques were used to study structural, morphological and topographical analysis of the films, respectively. Zn2SnO4 films exhibits polycrystalline nature having cubic inverse spinel crystal structure. SEM and AFM studies show that the film deposited at 400 °C possess flakes like morphology and the voids present in the surface increases the roughness. Zn2SnO4 sensor shows highest sensor response of 29.3 at moderately low (200 °C) operating temperature towards 40 ppm NO2 concentration. As low response time as 8 s and recovery time of 58 s are recorded for the sensor at its highest response. The pristine Zn2SnO4 films show outstanding gas sensing properties and demonstrated excellent response and recovery kinetics without any surface modification by noble metal or surfactant.
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