Implant prognoses for healthy elderly patients have been found to be comparable with those reported for younger patients. In 1991, the Dental Implant Clinical Research Group initiated a prospective, ...randomized clinical study in cooperation with the Department of Veterans Affairs to investigate the influence of implant design, application, and site of placement on long-term clinical performance and crestal bone height. As a result of the large sample size and wide range of patient ages, the study provided an opportunity to determine if age correlates with implant survival. Interim analysis of 2,132 root form implants at uncovering on an implant, case, and patient basis suggests that implant survival does not appear to be influenced by age in the largely white, male sample.
The effects of sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals on the symbiotic effectiveness of R. trifolii, white clover N
2
fixation and N mineralisation were investigated in surface (0-10 cm) soil ...from a 10 year-old field experiment at Glenfield, NSW. The soil had been amended with nil, low (40 dry t ha
−1
) or high (120 dry t ha
−1
) rates of sludge, applied annually for 5 consecutive years to an unlimed (pH 4.6) and limed (pH 5.2) red podsolic soil. The total heavy metal content of the soil collected from the site 5 years after the last sludge application ranged (mg kg
−1
soil) 114-122 (nil sludge), 286-295 (low sludge) and 532-583 (high sludge). Air-dried soil was sieved (< 2 mm), then placed in pots which were sown to white clover and ryegrass, or to ryegrass only. The amount and proportion of clover N derived from air after 7 weeks growth in a glasshouse were determined using
15
N isotope dilution; and the intrinsic symbiotic effectiveness (ISE) of R. trifolii isolated from the clover nodules was estimated from the N yield of clover seedlings grown on N-free seedling agar inoculated with the isolates. Treatment effects on N mineralisation were determined from the concentrations of inorganic N released on soil incubation with or without incorporated lucerne.
Amending soil with sludge did not reduce the ISE of R. trifolii in either unlimed or limed soil, the between-isolate variance in ISE, nor the proportion of clover N derived from air, as compared to unamended soil. The amount of N fixed by clover was increased in the sludged soils. The concentrations of inorganic N in the N mineralisation study were greater in the sludge amended soils and with incorporation of lucerne; and the differences in inorganic N between plus and minus lucerne incorporation were similar in both the sludged and unamended soils.
The sludge rates and associated heavy metal loads historically imposed on this soil have not proven detrimental to N
2
fixation by R. trifolii, or to the net mineralisation of soil or incorporated organic N.
Tax Topics: Noteworthy Changes for 1991 Carlin, Dennis J; Hedlund, Brian R; Munn, Jeffrey D
Real estate finance,
12/1991, Letnik:
7, Številka:
4
Journal Article
There have been several noteworthy real estate tax developments in late 1990 and early 1991. The most recent major development from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the temporary shelving of ...proposed regulations addressing the economic performance requirement under Internal Revenue Code Section 461(h). The IRS apparently backed away from the strict application of its proposed regulations in the face of congressional opposition. Another important new regulation is the real estate reporting regulation under Section 6045(e), which adds significant new reporting requirements for most real estate transactions. It requires that a "reporting person" make an information return on Form 1099 with respect to every real estate transaction. As a result of an amendment to Regulation Section 1.469-2T, the gain on the sale of rental real estate will be treated as active income only if rental use of the property commenced less than 12 months before the date of disposition and the taxpayer performed services to enhance the property's value.
Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc.341:33,2003 We develop a new method to constrain the star formation histories, dust
attenuation and stellar masses of galaxies. It is based on two stellar
absorption line ...indices, the 4000 Angstrom break strength and the Balmer
absorption line index Hdelta_A. Together, these indices allow us to constrain
the mean stellar ages of galaxies and the fractional stellar mass formed in
bursts over the past few Gyr. A comparison with broad band photometry then
yields estimates of dust attenuation and of stellar mass. We generate a large
library of Monte Carlo realizations of different star formation histories,
including starbursts of varying strength and a range of metallicities. We use
this library to generate median likelihood estimates of burst mass fractions,
dust attenuation strengths, stellar masses and stellar mass-to-light ratios for
a sample of 122,208 galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The
typical 95% confidence range in our estimated stellar masses is +-40%. We study
how the stellar mass-to-light ratios of galaxies vary as a function of absolute
magnitude, concentration index and photometric pass-band and how dust
attenuation varies as a function of absolute magnitude and 4000 Angstrom break
strength. We also calculate how the total stellar mass of the present Universe
is distributed over galaxies as a function of their mass, size, concentration,
colour, burst mass fraction and surface mass density. We find that most of the
stellar mass in the local Universe resides in galaxies that have stellar masses
\~5\times 10^10 M_sol, half light radii ~3 kpc, and half- light surface mass
densities ~10^9 M_sol/kpc^2. The distribution of D(4000) is strongly bimodal,
showing a clear division between galaxies dominated by old stellar populations
and galaxies with more recent star formation.
We develop a new method to constrain the star formation histories, dust attenuation and stellar masses of galaxies. It is based on two stellar absorption line indices, the 4000 Angstrom break ...strength and the Balmer absorption line index Hdelta_A. Together, these indices allow us to constrain the mean stellar ages of galaxies and the fractional stellar mass formed in bursts over the past few Gyr. A comparison with broad band photometry then yields estimates of dust attenuation and of stellar mass. We generate a large library of Monte Carlo realizations of different star formation histories, including starbursts of varying strength and a range of metallicities. We use this library to generate median likelihood estimates of burst mass fractions, dust attenuation strengths, stellar masses and stellar mass-to-light ratios for a sample of 122,208 galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The typical 95% confidence range in our estimated stellar masses is +-40%. We study how the stellar mass-to-light ratios of galaxies vary as a function of absolute magnitude, concentration index and photometric pass-band and how dust attenuation varies as a function of absolute magnitude and 4000 Angstrom break strength. We also calculate how the total stellar mass of the present Universe is distributed over galaxies as a function of their mass, size, concentration, colour, burst mass fraction and surface mass density. We find that most of the stellar mass in the local Universe resides in galaxies that have stellar masses \~5\times 10^10 M_sol, half light radii ~3 kpc, and half- light surface mass densities ~10^9 M_sol/kpc^2. The distribution of D(4000) is strongly bimodal, showing a clear division between galaxies dominated by old stellar populations and galaxies with more recent star formation.
