Introduction: Malnutrition is a primary cause of ill-health and mortality among children in developing countries. Mid-childhood is a dynamic period of physical growth and mental development of a ...child. Malnutrition in young children puts them at a higher risk of experiencing health problems such as stunted growth, increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and other morbidities. Methodology: Cross sectional study was conducted from June to September 2018 among 636 children who reported to Out Patient Department (OPD) counter of Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS), Mandya in the age group of 5 – 10 years during the study period. Interview was done using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: 433 (68.1%) children were normal and 203 (31.9%) were malnourished. Overweight and obesity was more common in higher socio-economic status (SES) and thinness & severe thinness was more in lower SES. Overweight and obesity was more among girls. Thinness and severe thinness was more among boys. Mothers knowledge regarding nutrition of their children and nutritive food for children was poor. Conclusion: 32% children were malnourished. Overweight and obesity was more among girls. Mothers had poor knowledge regarding nutritive food for children.
Abstract
Due to waning immunity following primary immunization with COVID-19 vaccines, booster doses may be required. The present study assessed a heterologous booster of SII-NVX-CoV2373 (spike ...protein vaccine) in adults primed with viral vector and inactivated vaccines. In this Phase 3, observer-blind, randomized, active controlled study, a total of 372 adults primed with two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (n = 186) or BBV152 (n = 186) at least six months ago, were randomized to receive a booster of SII-NVX-CoV2373 or control vaccine (homologous booster of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BBV152). Anti-S IgG and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were assessed at days 1, 29, and 181. Non-inferiority (NI) of SII-NVX-CoV2373 to the control vaccine was assessed based on the ratio of geometric mean ELISA units (GMEU) of anti-S IgG and geometric mean titers (GMT) of nAbs (NI margin > 0.67) as well as seroresponse (≥ 2 fold-rise in titers) (NI margin −10%) at day 29. Safety was assessed throughout the study period. In both the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 prime and BBV152 prime cohorts, 186 participants each received the study vaccines. In the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 prime cohort, the GMEU ratio was 2.05 (95% CI 1.73, 2.43) and the GMT ratio was 1.89 (95% CI 1.55, 2.32) whereas the difference in the proportion of seroresponse was 49.32% (95% CI 36.49, 60.45) for anti-S IgG and 15% (95% CI 5.65, 25.05) for nAbs on day 29. In the BBV152 prime cohort, the GMEU ratio was 5.12 (95% CI 4.20, 6.24) and the GMT ratio was 4.80 (95% CI 3.76, 6.12) whereas the difference in the proportion of seroresponse was 74.08% (95% CI 63.24, 82.17) for anti-S IgG and 24.71% (95% CI 16.26, 34.62) for nAbs on day 29. The non-inferiority of SII-NVX-CoV2373 booster to the control vaccine for each prime cohort was met. SII-NVX-CoV2373 booster showed significantly higher immune responses than BBV152 homologous booster. On day 181, seroresponse rates were ≥ 70% in all the groups for both nAbs and anti-S IgG. Solicited adverse events reported were transient and mostly mild in severity in all the groups. No causally related SAE was reported. SII-NVX-CoV2373 as a heterologous booster induced non-inferior immune responses as compared to homologous boosters in adults primed with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBV152. SII-NVX-CoV2373 showed a numerically higher boosting effect than homologous boosters. The vaccine was also safe and well tolerated.
Abstract Background: The fundamentals of a healthy lifestyle include a balanced diet, regular exercise, enough sleep and not indulging oneself in harmful practices of smoking, tobacco and alcohol ...consumption. Healthy lifestyle incorporated into one’s life will reduce the chance of having hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc. Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to assess preliminary data regarding the adoption of healthy lifestyle practices among adults. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted for a period of 3 months from August to October 2023 among 335 adults aged > 19 years. Data was collected using a semi-structured pretested questionnaire by the researchers. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS Version 26.0. Descriptive statistics was used to describe age, gender, occupation, etc. Inferential statistics was used to find the association between categorical variables. Results: Out of 335 study participants, 42.1% were males and 57.9% were females. The majority of the population were not aware that balanced diet (94.9%), and adequate physical activity (90.4 %) as components of healthy lifestyle. The majority of the study participants following a balanced diet (38.5%) were graduates and the majority having adequate physical activity and adequate sleep were illiterates. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the majority had poor awareness about healthy lifestyle practices and its adoption. It is warranted that there is a need for the wide dissemination of the importance of following healthy lifestyle practices and its role in the prevention of diseases.
Background: Concerning one's appearance too much can result in sadness, anxiety disorders, disrupted eating habits, and nutritional deficiencies. In India, the idea of body image has received less ...attention, particularly among young females. The objective of the study is to assess the body image perception and satisfaction among female medical students of Private Medical College, Mysuru.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 female medical students of a Private Medical College in Mysuru using a self-administered questionnaire containing details of sociodemographic information and a validated visual analogue scale. Anthropometric measurements were taken using calibrated instruments. Data was analysed using SPSS version 26. The percentage was calculated for descriptive variables. The chi-square test was applied for analysing categorical variables.
Results: The majority of the participants (37.1%) had a neutral perception regarding their body image followed by 33.8% are satisfied and 24.2% are unsatisfied regarding their body image. Body image perception showed that the majority (52.3%) of them had normal weight. Unhealthy weight-changing patterns like skipping meals (24%), and increasing the quantity and frequency of meals (17%) were reported among study participants.
Conclusions: From the present study, it can be concluded that 37% had a neutral perception and 24% are unsatisfied with their body image. Psychological parameters like feeling anxious, lack of confidence, and attempts to change their body weight are associated with body image perception which may further result in affecting their mental health.
People with diabetes often encounter stigma (ie, negative social judgments, stereotypes, prejudice), which can adversely affect emotional, mental, and physical health; self-care, access to optimal ...health care; and social and professional opportunities. To accelerate an end to diabetes stigma and discrimination, an international multidisciplinary expert panel (n=51 members, from 18 countries) conducted rapid reviews and participated in a three-round Delphi survey process. We achieved consensus on 25 statements of evidence and 24 statements of recommendations. The consensus is that diabetes stigma is driven primarily by blame, perceptions of burden or sickness, invisibility, and fear or disgust. On average, four in five adults with diabetes experience diabetes stigma and one in five experience discrimination (ie, unfair and prejudicial treatment) due to diabetes, such as in health care, education, and employment. Diabetes stigma and discrimination are harmful, unacceptable, unethical, and counterproductive. Collective leadership is needed to proactively challenge, and bring an end to, diabetes stigma and discrimination. Consequently, we achieved unanimous consensus on a pledge to end diabetes stigma and discrimination.
Background: The medical field has been one of the top choices for students. It is one of the promising career choice but along with it the students have to go through long period of course and hard ...work. The aspirations and perception of students are important to make necessary changes in curriculum and work settings which in turn leads to quality output.Methods: The study was conducted among the first year medical students in the government medical college Mysore. The proforma included details about demographic characteristics and influencing factors to choose medical field.Results: Among 143 students, 97 were males and 46 females. 91 students entered the course in first attempt and 52 students in the subsequent attempts. The most important influencing factors to enter medical field were doing service, passion for the profession and parents wish.Conclusions: Self interest in medical field was main reason for joining course. Majority of the students were happy, proud but also felt fear and anxiety on joining the course.
Background: WHO guidelines recommend for treating Cat III animal bite victims with local infiltration of Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin (ERIG) into and around animal bite wounds followed by anti-rabies ...vaccine (ARV).The main reason for non-use of ERIGs by medical profession is the fear of anaphylaxis and laborious process. The present study was taken up with the objectives to assess the clinical safety of a new ERIG, describe sociodemographic profile of ERIG recipients and compliance to Intra Dermal Rabies Vaccine (IDRV), who reported to Anti Rabies Clinic (ARC) of Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS), Mandya.Methods: Descriptive study at ARC, MIMS, Mandya for a period of one year. The data was collected using structured questionnaire. The data was entered into Microsoft excel and results were expressed using descriptive statistics.Results: The study revealed that cat III animal bite victims were 3400 (56.3%), of these only 545 (16.0%) opted for the new ERIG. Skin Sensitivity Test (SST) showed positive results in 17 (3.1%) cases. Among the ERIG recipients 28 (5.1%) had mild adverse reaction to ERIG. The compliance rate was 49.2% for all 4 doses of IDRV.Conclusions: 3.1% showed positive result to SST. 5.1% had mild adverse reaction to ERIG.
Introduction: Non communicable diseases are important among the adult population in developed and developing countries. Overweight & obesity are important risk factors for development of these NCDs. ...Healthy lifestyle measures when followed proper- ly help in the prevention & control of disease and the risk factors causing it. Awareness about the disease & healthy lifestyle practic- es is the first step in prevention and management of NCDs. This study was taken up to assess the awareness about obesity and healthy lifestyle practices among college students in Mandya. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2016 to November 2016 among 321 Bachelor of Commerce stu- dents in Mandya, by interview method using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Results: The study revealed that 205 (63.9%) knew the difference between obesity and overweight. 52 (16.2%) knew about the use of Body Mass Index for diagnosis of obesity. All the study partici- pants had heard about healthy lifestyle. 260 (81.0%) knew that healthy lifestyle includes balanced diet & regular physical activity. Conclusion: Awareness regarding obesity was poor. While the students knew about some healthy lifestyle practices, their know- ledge on the whole was inadequate.
Metastasis is a complex, multistep process involved in the progression of cancer from a localized primary tissue to distant sites, often characteristic of the more aggressive forms of this disease. ...Despite being studied in great detail in recent years, the mechanisms that govern this process remain poorly understood. In this study, we identify a novel role for miR-139-5p in the inhibition of breast cancer progression. We highlight its clinical relevance by reviewing miR-139-5p expression across a wide variety of breast cancer subtypes using in-house generated and online data sets to show that it is most frequently lost in invasive tumors. A biotin pull-down approach was then used to identify the mRNA targets of miR-139-5p in the breast cancer cell line MCF7. Functional enrichment analysis of the pulled-down targets showed significant enrichment of genes in pathways previously implicated in breast cancer metastasis (P < 0.05). Further bioinformatic analysis revealed a predicted disruption to the TGFβ, Wnt, Rho, and MAPK/PI3K signaling cascades, implying a potential role for miR-139-5p in regulating the ability of cells to invade and migrate. To corroborate this finding, using the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, we show that overexpression of miR-139-5p results in suppression of these cellular phenotypes. Furthermore, we validate the interaction between miR-139-5p and predicted targets involved in these pathways. Collectively, these results suggest a significant functional role for miR-139-5p in breast cancer cell motility and invasion and its potential to be used as a prognostic marker for the aggressive forms of breast cancer.
Emerging daily, new devices and software-driven advancements pose challenges in software development, including errors, bugs, and evolving requirements. This leads to delays in delivery. Ensuring ...software security within the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is crucial. To address this, the research focuses on incorporating security aspects early in the SDLC through model transformation. Platform-independent models with security attributes like Integrity, Privacy, Security Audit, non-repudiation, and authentication are generated. A template-based source code generator is utilized to create the structure of the source model. The Secure Business Process Model (SBPM) encompasses Unified Modeling Language (UML) artifacts, such as analysis level classes and sequence diagrams, enriched with security attributes derived from the activity model. Security requirements are linked to elements extracted from the source model, and structural codes with security-enabled members are produced. Automation in software development is inevitable, though not complete, as it plays a vital role in addressing these challenges and improving the security of software applications.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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