The Datong City Plan is well-known in the history of colonial city planning, especially for its early use of the neighbourhood unit theory in a city-wide plan. It has been assessed by researchers ...internationally as a demonstration of the advanced level of Japanese planning technology in that era. This paper clarifies the planning process during the planners' stay in Datong in the fall of 1938 through an examination of primary sources, including the team's preparations prior to their arrival. These primary sources elucidate the process by which the plan was formulated. Its technological advancement was based on two premises: (1) the study of residential area design and (2) the experience of building the capital of Manchukuo. In Datong, the concept of the satellite city was introduced, the city scale was set according to the three different types of density, and the curved road pattern was applied, all significant innovations in city planning. The historical significance of the Datong City Plan lies in the junction of colonial city planning practice and academic exploration of city planning.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The publicness of publicly owned public spaces is an important concept that needs further examination, especially in countres like China where most urban public spaces are publicly owned and managed. ...This case study of Chongqing People's Square reveals that the transformation of municipal squares' publicness in reform-era China is closely linked with the country's shifting political and sociocultural contexts. We argue that despite traditionally valued public ownership and planning-design qualities, the crucial role of governance management in shaping the publicness of publicly owned and managed public space is not yet fully understood.
The Planning Heritage Study Group (PHSG) was established in 2010 as a collaborative research organization in the City Planning Institute of Japan in order to undertake research activities on planning ...history. The PHSG held the 'Chinese planning history and Japanese planning history: exploring the possibility of future academic collaboration' workshop held on 8-9 November 2013. The PHSG invited three upcoming scholars from China to discuss the possibility of future collaboration focusing on three categories: 'Word and Concept', 'Education and Profession' and 'Heritage and Conservation'. The programme comprised a closed pre-workshop session on the first day and the open seminar in the annual conference of the City Planning Institute of Japan on the second day.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Kamaishi in Iwate Prefecture has suffered devastating damage on several occasions, including the 1896 Meiji Sanriku tsunami, the 1933 Showa Sanriku tsunami, the 1945 naval bombardment during W.W. II ...and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Each time, the city has recovered. This paper explores the history of reconstruction planning and urban development in Kamaishi and how the city's landscape and urban space have been shaped by disaster and reconstruction. In the Kamaishi area in modern times, temples, shrines and public facilities have been moved and new infrastructure has been developed repeatedly, after each disaster. The accumulated reconstructions have generated a landscape in which the city is centred on wide streets that form a vertical axis connecting the coast and the highlands. The need to evacuate has been woven into the urban space of Kamaishi through repeated experiences of disaster and reconstruction. In the reconstruction that took place after the Great East Japan Earthquake, new layers and facilities were added for commercial recovery and residential reconstruction, but the underlying intention was to build a network of evacuation routes.
This study examined the urban structure of colonial Seoul in the 1930s, the capital city of Korea under the rule of the Japanese empire, by adopting quantitative geographical methods. We utilized a ...job accessibility index to operationalize the urban structure. We also used geographic information science (GIScience) analysis tools to digitize neighborhood-level sociodemographic and parcel-level business location information from historical materials. The results illustrated several findings that were not revealed by previous studies based on qualitative approaches. First, transit-based job accessibility (13.392) is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than walk-based job accessibility (10.575). Second, there is a Γ-shaped area with higher job accessibility, including the central part of colonial Seoul. Third, Japanese-dominant neighborhoods had significantly (p < 0.001) higher transit-based (27.156) job accessibility than Korean-dominant neighborhoods (9.319). Fourth, transit-based job accessibility is not significantly correlated with the unemployment rate overall. Although colonial Seoul was the seventh-largest city of the Japanese empire, few practical planning actions were taken to resolve urban issues, unlike the other large cities in mainland Japan.
Transportation is a key element to understanding the socio-spatial structure of colonial cities and the lives of individuals living under colonial governance. This study investigates the disparity in ...transit-based travel time between colonial rulers (Japanese) and subjects (Koreans) in Colonial Seoul (
Keijo
) in 1936 using modern GIS and open-source transport analysis tools. Findings suggest a significant disparity in travel time to a major urban facility (i.e., City Hall) between the two population groups of the largest colonial city in the Korean peninsula.
This paper clarifies the intention behind the design of the exhibition 'Urbanism Places Exhibition 2018' (UPE2018), and analyzes evaluations of exhibition visitors. It aims to develop a methodology ...for planning history exhibitions. UPE2018 was an exhibition that focused on plazas in the context of planning heritage. The 55 HIROBA of the Shinjuku Mitsui Building was selected as a venue so that people could experience a high-quality plaza, which is an example of planning heritage in itself. In addition, the organizer prepared content about the history of public spaces in both Japan and the Shinjuku area, as well as on contemporary methods of creating public spaces, and the exhibition featured talks about public spaces. The exhibition method was based on the following principles: 1) an exhibition should be woven into the everyday use of space and 2) the exhibition itself creates a plaza. The evaluations revealed that non-experts especially tended to appreciate the talk-type program. Planners tended to see the planning history exhibition as a source of knowledge that could be useful in urban planning, while non-experts reported the exhibition increased their awareness of surrounding urban spaces.
Railway stations in Japan and elsewhere are undergoing redevelopment to accommodate new spaces of consumption and leisure. Tokyo Station redevelopment is a representative case illustrating the ...experiment of integrating new facilities into an existing spatial system. The station's image is being recast as an important urban centre in Tokyo with a particular mix of prestige business, shopping and unique entertainment venues. The walking network is being reconfigured in a larger space with a complex set of new land uses, leading to new spatial configurations and patterns of behaviour. These transformations support a new role for the station. The station redevelopment, along with related investments in the surrounding space represent a distinctly Japanese approach to transit-oriented development. This article examines the urban design strategy underlying these transformations.
The study clarifies people’s perception of the daily connections between traditional country town and villages before the spread of the private car. We selected Yatsuo as a case study and analyzed ...the background of road development connecting the town and the villages. We revealed that the perceptions and their transitions varied depending on the village’s livelihoods and geographical conditions. This suggests that the bases of community and the surrounding areas that support them need to be designed with consideration as living spheres continue to change with these conditions.
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