Background/Objectives: There are other benefits of vitamin D than those for bone health. To determine the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in newborns with acute ...lower respiratory infection (ALRI) and without clinical signs of rickets, and their mothers. The design comprises a hospital-based case-control study. Subjects/Methods: The study group consisted of 25 newborns with ALRI who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit and their mothers. Controls were 15 healthy newborns of the same age as the study group and their mothers. A commercial radioimmunoassay was used to measure 25(OH)D concentrations in serum for assessing vitamin D status. Results: The two groups were similar in gestational week, birth weight, birth height, head circumference, age and gender. The mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the study group newborns were lower than those of the control group (9.128.88ng/ml and 16.3313.42 ng/ml, respectively) (P=0.011). Also, mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the mothers of the study group were lower than those in the mothers of the control group (13.3816.81 ng/ml and 22.7916.93 ng/ml respectively) (P=0.012). In 87.5% of all newborns and 67.5% of all mothers, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were lower than 20 ng/ml. The 25(OH)D concentrations of newborns were highly correlated with mothers' serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that newborns with subclinical vitamin D deficiency may have an increased risk of suffering from ALRI. The strong positive correlation between newborns' and mothers' 25(OH)D concentrations shows that adequate vitamin D supplementation of mothers should be emphasized during pregnancy especially in winter months.
This paper describes the results of a model updating study conducted on a historical aqueduct, called Veziragasi, in Turkey. The output-only modal identification results obtained from ambient ...vibration measurements of the structure were used to update a finite element model of the structure. For the purposes of developing a solid model of the structure, the dimensions of the structure, defects, and material degradations in the structure were determined in detail by making a measurement survey. For evaluation of the material properties of the structure, nondestructive and destructive testing methods were applied. The modal analysis of the structure was calculated by FEM. Then, a nondestructive dynamic test as well as operational modal analysis was carried out and dynamic properties were extracted. The natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes were determined from both theoretical and experimental modal analyses and compared with each other. A good harmony was attained between mode shapes, but there were some differences between natural frequencies. The sources of the differences were introduced and the FEM model was updated by changing material parameters and boundary conditions. Finally, the real analytical model of the aqueduct was put forward and the results were discussed.
Toxicity Outcomes in the Elderly Prostate Cancer Patient Prentice, M.; Davda, R.; Nuhoglu Savas, A. ...
Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)),
January 2018, 2018-01-00, Letnik:
30, Številka:
1
Journal Article
To evaluate the effect of low-dose heparin on duration of peripherally inserted percutaneous central venous catheter (PCVC) patency and catheter occlusion.
Our research was a prospective, randomized, ...controlled, double-blind clinical study including 246 eligible neonates with PCVCs. It was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Diyarbakir Children's Hospital between 1 February 2007 and 31 October 2008. In the heparin group (n=118), the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions contained heparin, which was infused at a rate of 0.5 IU kg⁻¹ h⁻¹ . The no-heparin group (n=121) received TPN fluids without heparin.
In the heparin group, the duration of catheter patency was longer than that of the no-heparin group reaching a statistically significant difference (12.4 ± 4.5 vs 9.7 ± 4.0, P<0.0001). In the heparin group, the proportion of patients completing the TPN therapy successfully was higher than in the no-heparin group (P=0.0001; relative risk (RR): 3.32 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.92 to 5.73)) also demonstrating a statistically significant difference. The rate of catheter occlusion among infants in the heparin group was smaller (P=0.0001; RR: 3.44 (95% CI: 1.92 to 6.44)). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of other catheter-related problems. The length of the occluded catheter outside the skin, TPN infusion rate and catheter duration time were found to be the factors associated with catheter occlusion. Heparin prevented catheter occlusion with a mechanism unrelated to these factors.
In neonates with PCVCs, low-dose continuous infusion of heparin (0.5 IU kg ⁻¹h⁻¹ within TPN fluids is an effective measure in terms of reducing catheter occlusion, allowing successful completion of the therapy, without increasing adverse effects. Furthermore, this effect of heparin may occur independently via occlusion-related factors that we evaluated in the study.
Objectives: The effectiveness of skin-to-skin contact to decrease pain from heel-lancing in healthy term neonates and whether breastfeeding in addition to skin-to-skin contact provided a more ...effective analgesia than skin-to-skin contact alone were investigated.
Methods: A randomised, controlled trial was conducted in 107 neonates undergoing heel-lance. Infants were randomly assigned to three groups: (i) being breastfed with skin-to-skin contact (group 1, n=35), (ii) being held in their mother's arms with skin-to-skin contact but no breastfeeding (group 2, n=36), or (iii) lying on the table before, during and after painful stimulus (group 3, n=36). Physiological responses to pain were measured by heart rate and oxygen saturation changes and behavioural responses were measured by duration of crying and grimacing.
Results: Infants had a mean (SD) birthweight of 3355 (270) g and gestational age of 39.5 (0.6) weeks; at the time of the procedure, mean (SD) postnatal age was 33.1 (5) hours. There was no significant difference between the groups in clinical characteristics and time spent squeezing the heel. Heart rate, oxygen saturation changes and length of crying were significantly reduced in groups 1 and 2 compared with group 3 (p<0.001). No difference was found between group 1 and group 2. Grimacing was less in group 2 than in group 3 (p<0.001).
Conclusions: In healthy term neonates, skin-to-skin contact with the mother and breastfeeding with skin-to-skin contact reduce both physiological and behavioural pain response. Breastfeeding in the 1st 2 postnatal days with skin-to-skin contact did not increase the analgesic effect of skin-to-skin contact alone.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Phenol biodegradation in a batch reactor was investigated using mixed cultures. Used cultures were able to degrade initial phenol concentrations (
S
0) up to 1450
mg
l
−1. The Haldane equation was ...adopted in order to describe the relation between the specific growth rates (
μ) and
S
0. Kinetic constants of the Haldane equation were
μ
m=0.143
h
−1,
K
s=87.45
mg
l
−1,
K
i=107.06
mg
l
−1. In simulation studies including the Haldane model, an evident disagreement was observed between measured and estimated phenol concentrations when an
S
0 greater than 100
mg
l
−1 was applied. The inadequacy of this model was attributed to the inhibition of metabolic intermediates of phenol degradation. A model, which has been proposed in literature for pure cultures and including the concentration of intermediates was tested for mixed cultures. This new model showed its merit in that the failure of classical Haldane model observed especially in high
S
0 values was avoided. The new model gave better estimates than the Haldane model in the studied
S
0 range (25–1450
mg
l
−1).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the tuberculin response after bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination in preterm infants.METHODS: Thirty-five infants born at <35 weeks gestation were included in the study. ...An intradermal injection of 0.05 ml BCG vaccine was given to each infant
at postnatal months 2-3. Tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) were done 8-12 weeks after vaccination using 0.1 ml of 5 TU purified protein derivative (PPD). The diameter of induration was measured 72 h later and ≥5 mm induration was taken as a positive response.RESULTS: The babies
had a mean birth weight (SD) of 1650 (424) g, and a gestational age of 32.4 (2.1) weeks. The TST was positive in 20 (57%) of the infants. The mean body weight of the tuberculin-positive babies was significantly higher than the others at both vaccination and TST. No difference was found between
groups concerning sex, birth weight, gestational age, intrauterine growth and postnatal age at BCG vaccination and TST.CONCLUSION: BCG vaccination in preterm infants at months 2-3 of postnatal life results in a high percentage of BCG scarring and 57% TST conversion. A positive tuberculin
response was significantly related to the postnatal weight gain of the preterm infants.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is a preventive approach for identifying genetic abnormalities in early stages of reproduction. We used preimplantation genetic aneuploidy screening in 230 cycles of ...patients with indications of advanced maternal age, recurrent implantation failure, recurrent spontaneous abortions, or severe male factor. Biopsied blastomeres from embryos with six to eight blastomeres on day 3 were fixed and fluorescence in situ hybridization was utilized on chromosomes 13, 16, 18, 21, 22, X, and Y. Among 945 morphologically normal embryos, 314 were diagnosed as chromosomally normal. Trisomy and monosomy were observed in 36% of the cases (18% each). Embryo transfer was used in 144 cycles, resulting in 41 pregnancies. Thirty-seven healthy babies were delivered, with a take-home baby rate of 24.2% and an implantation rate of 22%. We recommend preimplantation genetic aneuploidy screening as a valuable technique to select normal chromosome embryos in order to avoid multiple pregnancies due to the multiple embryo transfers that are normally necessary to ensure pregnancy in poor prognosis in vitro fertilization patients.
The aim was to evaluate the effect of aspirin on pregnancy and implantation rates in an unselected group of patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Two hundred and seventy-nine ...patients were randomized to receive 80 mg of aspirin (n = 139) or no treatment (r = 136) starting from the first day of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
Duration of stimulation, gonadotropin consumption, peak estradiol, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, and number of embryos transferred were similar in the two groups. Implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were 15.6% and 39.6% versus 15.1% and 43.4% in aspirin treated and untreated groups, respectively (P > 0.05).
Low-dose aspirin administration does not improve implantation and pregnancy rates in an unselected group of patients undergoing ICSI.
BACKGROUND: Intracytoplasmic injection of testicular round spermatids has been suggested as a salvage treatment in couples when testicular sperm extraction does not yield any mature sperm. However, ...the success of the procedure is debatable, and controversy surrounds issues such as the presence and (if present) identification of spermatids in testicular tissue. Progression rate to the blastocyst stage of spermatid-derived embryos appears to be low. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the feasibility and outcome of blastocyst stage embryo transfer after round spermatid injection (ROSI). ROSI was undertaken in 58 couples who did not yield mature or elongated sperm to testicular sperm extraction. RESULTS: The incidence of blastocyst formation from two pronuclear oocytes was 7.6%. A total of 16 blastocysts were transferred in 12 patients (20.7%). None of the patients conceived. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that the blastocyst stage is reached by only very few ROSI-derived embryos and these embryos do not implant.
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