It has been reported that the development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) requires the involvement of a large number of lncRNAs. In a recent study lncRNA, WT1-AS was been characterized as ...a tumor-suppressive lncRNA in gastric cancer. In our study we aim to explore the involvement of WT1-AS in CSCC.
Seventy-six CSCC patients (20 to 63 years, 40.1 ± 6.1 year) from the 233 CSCC patients who were admitted by the Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between august 2010 and January 2014. RT-qPCR, cell proliferation rate measurement, cell transfection, and western blot were carried out to analyze the samples.
We found that HPV infection failed to affect WT1-AS expression in CSCC tissues, while WT1-AS was down-regulated in CSCC tissues compared with non-cancer tissues. P53 was also down-regulated in CSCC tissues and positively correlated with WT1-AS. Analysis of the survival of CSCC patients revealed that low levels of WT1-AS were accompanied by poor survival. Significantly up-regulated p53 was observed after WT1-AS over-expression in CSCC cells, while p53 over-expression failed to affect WT1-AS. P53 and WT1-AS over-expression resulted in the inhibited proliferation of CSCC cells.
Therefore, WT1-AS is down-regulated in CSCC and it may inhibit CSCC cell proliferation at least partially by up-regulating p53.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The establishment of the rumen microbiota plays an important role in the rumen development. However, little is known about the effects of alfalfa supplementation time on rumen microbiota ...establishment. Here, a total of 42 Hu lambs, seven-day-old, were chosen for the study. After a week of adjustment, six lambs were sacrificed to establish a baseline. The remaining 36 lambs were randomly split into two groups: one receiving alfalfa hay at 14 days (EAF), the other at 42 days (LAF), both groups received milk replacer and starter pellets. Introducing alfalfa at 14 days of age significantly improved total dry matter intake between 28 and 42 days (
= 0.04) and average daily gain from both 14 to 28 days (
= 0.04) and 28 to 42 days (
< 0.01), but this effect disappears from 56 to 70 days (
> 0.05). At 42 days, the abundances of
,
, and
in the EAF group were significantly higher (
< 0.05) than those in the LAF group (17.8% vs. 3.97, 10.89% vs. 1.77, and 1.27% vs. 0.09%, respectively). At 56 days, the abundances of
,
, and
in the EAF group were significantly lower (
< 0.05) than in the LAF group (3.53% vs. 16.40, 8.78% vs. 18.89, and 2.14% vs. 4.69%). At 70 days,
abundance in the EAF group was significantly higher (
< 0.05) than in the LAF group (2.69% vs. 0.85%). The LEfSe analysis showed that
was the archaeal biomarker at 14 days in both groups.
was enriched at 56 days in the LAF group. Compared to the LAF group, the specific fungal biomarkers in the EAF group included
and
at 14 days,
and
at 42 days,
, and
at 70 days. Correlation analysis results showed strong patterns of association both within and between archaea and fungi, which were influenced by alfalfa supplementation time. In summary, alfalfa supplementation at 14 days of age promotes the growth performance of lambs before weaning, and alfalfa supplementation timing significantly affects rumen archaeal and fungal communities and dynamical changes.
In pre-weaned ruminants, the microbiota colonizes rapidly in the rumen after birth and constantly interacts with the host to sustain health and metabolism. The developing microbial community is more ...malleable, so its manipulation may improve ruminant health and productivity as well as may have long-term effects on ruminants. Hence, understanding the process of rumen microbiota establishment is helpful for nutritional interventions of rumen microbiota in pre-weaned ruminants. This paper reviews the latest advances in the colonization of rumen microbiota while providing insights into the most suitable time for manipulating rumen microbial colonization in early life. In addition, different factors that affect rumen microbiota establishment during the pre-weaned ruminants are discussed in the current manuscript. The purpose of this review is to aid in the development of guidelines for manipulating rumen microbiota to improve animal productivity and health.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
Five-year relative survival for ovarian cancer remains below 50%. Strategies to improve outcomes are needed. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D concentrations measure of vitamin D ...status at and before diagnosis have been associated with longer survival in cancer patients; however, data for ovarian cancer are limited. We aimed to determine if 25(OH)D concentrations during and after primary treatment were associated with ovarian cancer-specific survival.
Methods
We used data from a nationwide prospective cohort study of women with ovarian cancer. Among 886 participants treated with chemotherapy, 700 (79%) had a blood sample collected during (
n
= 591) and/or after (
n
= 458) primary treatment. These were tested for 25(OH)D. Clinical and survival data were abstracted from medical records. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between 25(OH)D and ovarian cancer-specific survival.
Results
Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were lower during than after primary treatment (82 and 91 nmol/L, respectively); only 14% and 8% had concentrations below 50 nmol/L during and after primary treatment, respectively. There was no association between 25(OH)D and ovarian cancer-specific survival during five years of follow-up HR 1.10 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.61) and 0.95 (0.54, 1.68) for the highest vs. lowest quintile during and after treatment, respectively.
Conclusions
We did not observe any association between serum 25(OH)D concentration and ovarian cancer-specific survival. Our results suggest that, in the absence of vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplementation to improve ovarian cancer survival is not warranted.
Background Iatrogenic immunosuppression is a risk factor for lip cancer but the determinants are unknown. Objective We sought to quantify the association between the type, dose, and duration of ...iatrogenic immunosuppression and lip cancer risk in solid organ transplant recipients. Methods We conducted a population-based cohort study of all adult Australian liver, heart, and lung transplant recipients from 1984 to 2006 (n = 4141). We abstracted longitudinal data from medical records and ascertained incident lip cancer (n = 58) and deaths (n = 1434) by linkage with national registries. We estimated multivariable hazard ratios (HR) for lip cancer using the Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazards model, accounting for death as a competing risk. Results Lip cancer risk (n = 58) increased with high mean daily dose of azathioprine (HR 2.28, 95% confidence interval CI 1.18-4.38), longer duration of immunosuppression (HR 9.86, 95% CI 2.10-46.3), increasing year of age at transplantation (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04-1.25), earlier transplantation era (HR 8.73, 95% CI 1.11-68.7), and history of smoking (HR 2.71, 95% CI 1.09-6.70). Limitations Data on potential confounders such as personal solar ultraviolet radiation exposure were not available. Conclusion Higher doses of azathioprine increase lip cancer risk, with implications for managing immunosuppressed populations and our understanding of the relationship between solar ultraviolet radiation and lip cancer.
.
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► Offering three potential gastric juice biomarkers in screening gastric cancer.
For screening early-stage gastric malignancies, the existing serum biomarkers have limited ...sensitivity and specificity. Gastric juice biomarkers are scarce and require further investigation. We divided this study on searching potential biomarkers into four parts: (1) detection of differential fluorescence spectrum and peaks in the gastric juice from patients using fluorescence spectroscopy and HPLC, (2) identification and validation of differential peaks using LC/MS and NMR, (3) quantification of potential biomarkers, and (4) establishment of diagnostic detection. The fluorescence intensity (FI), tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and total protein content were significantly higher in the gastric juice of patients with gastric malignancies (all
P
<
0.01). With all
P
<
0.001, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the biomarkers were tyrosine, 0.838; phenylalanine, 0.856; and tryptophan, 0.816. At a specificity of 79.4%, the sensitivity for gastric malignancy detection with phenylalanine was 87.9% only. Aromatic amino acids in gastric juices could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers to screen gastric malignancies. It is a less-invasive and economical method compared to gastric biopsy.
Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the impact of initiating alfalfa supplementation at either 14 or 42 days of age on growth performance, blood parameters, rumen tissue gene expression, ...and epithelial microbiota in pre-weaning lambs. A total of 42 seven-day-old male Hu lambs (3.88 ± 0.92 kg) were selected for this study. After 7 d of adjustment period, six lambs were slaughtered at 14 d of age to establish a baseline control. The remaining 36 lambs were randomly allocated to two treatment groups, every three lambs were considered a unit, including fed milk replacer, starter pellets, and either alfalfa hay fed at 14 (EAF) or 42 d of age (LAF). Body weight and feed intake were recorded for lamb until 70 d of age. Blood samples, rumen tissue samples, and epithelial microbiota samples were collected from the lambs at 42, 56, and 70 d of age. The results indicated that average daily gain, starter intake, and total dry matter intake were greater in the EAF group compared to the LAF group from 14 to 42 d of age (P < 0.01), but no significant differences from 43 to 70 d of age or during the entire trial. Treatment and age interactively affected the alfalfa intake (P = 0.02) from 43 to 70 d of age. The concentration of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) (P < 0.01) and the expression of the rumen gene insulin-like growth factor 1 (P < 0.01) were greater in the EAF group compared to the LAF group at 42 d of age. Furthermore, the concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.03), albumin (P < 0.01), total protein (P = 0.03), urea (P = 0.04), lipopolysaccharide (P < 0.01), β-hydroxybutyric acid (P = 0.02), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P < 0.01), IL-4 (P < 0.01), and tumor necrosis factor α (P < 0.01) were affected by age. The abundance of Prevotella was lower (P < 0.05), whereas Megasphaera (P < 0.05) was greater in the EAF group compared to the LAF group at 42 d of age. The early addition of alfalfa promotes rumen epithelial microbiota colonization. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alfalfa provision at 14 d of age promotes growth performance in lambs, but this effect disappeared at 43 to 70 d of age. Moreover, provision of alfalfa at 14 d of age enhances the immune response, promotes rumen tissue cell proliferation, and affects dynamical changes of rumen epithelial microbiota. Meanwhile, our findings showed that the rumen undergoes significant physiological challenges during the transition from a liquid diet to a solid diet.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) followed by irradiation with incoherent light (ALA-PDT) for recalcitrant warts have had beneficial results. Therefore, we ...undertook a randomised, parallel, double-blind clinical trial of ALA-PDT versus placebo-PDT for recalcitrant foot and hand warts.
Recalcitrant foot and hand warts were randomly assigned to six repetitive ALA-PDT or placebo-PDT interventions combined with standard treatment encompassing paring followed by a keratolytic (Verucid). Standardised photographs of each wart were taken before, during (week 7) and after treatment (weeks 14 and 18). The area of each wart compared with entry area was the primary outcome variable, measured from photographs by an evaluator unaware of treatment allocation for intervention. Pain intensity immediately and 24 h after each intervention was assessed by a five-point scale.
A total of 232 foot and hand warts in 45 patients were entered into the trial: 117 warts were allocated to ALA-PDT and 115 warts to placebo-PDT. In week 14, the median relative reduction in wart area was 98% in the ALA-PDT group (interquartile range 100%, 55%) versus 52% (100%, O) in the placebo group (p=0·0006). In week 18, the median relative reduction in wart area was 100% in the ALA-PDT group (100%, 57%) versus 71% (100%, O) in the placebo-PDT arm (p=0·008). Both the number of vanishing warts and the difference in relative wart area of persisting warts at week 14 and 18 were significant (p<0·05) in favour of ALA-PDT. Significantly more ALA-PDT warts were graded at a higher pain intensity after treatment than placebo-PDT warts.
ALA-PDT is superior to placebo-PDT when both wart area and number of vanishing warts are considered.
When measuring the skin fluorescence in vivo, the absorption of chromophores such as melanin and hemoglobin often contribute predominantly to the changes in fluorescence and obscure the information ...from the fluorophores. We measured in vivo the collagen-linked 375 nm fluorescence (excitation: 330 nm) and 455 nm fluorescence (excitation: 370 nm) from nonexposed buttock skin of healthy volunteers. Skin pigmentation and redness of the same sites were quantified by reflectance of the skin at 555 nm and 660 nm. Multiple regression analysis was used to find the correlation between the fluorescence and skin pigmentation and redness. The fluorescence was corrected for the impact of pigmentation and redness according to the equation found in the regression analyses. The age-related trend of the fluorescence was evaluated. The 375 nm fluorescence showed positive relation to age, whereas the 455 nm fluorescence showed no significant relation to age. The increasing rate of the 375 nm fluorescence (logarithm transformed) was 2% per year, which is comparable with previously published data. The results suggest that the correction of the autofluorescence intensity for skin pigmentation and redness is valid, and the 375 nm skin autofluorescence may be used as a biologic marker of skin aging in vivo.
Most women with ovarian cancer have a poor prognosis, but studies have reported an association between statin use and improved survival. We investigated the potential survival benefit of statins in ...women with ovarian cancer using data from the Ovarian cancer Prognosis and Lifestyle study, a prospective study of Australian women aged 18 to 79 years, diagnosed with ovarian cancer from 2012 to 2015 and followed for 5 to 8 years. We obtained information from patient‐completed questionnaires and medical records. We defined exposure based on prediagnosis use, as most women used statins continuously (prediagnosis and postdiagnosis) and few started using statins postdiagnosis. We measured survival from date of first treatment (surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy) until date of death or last follow‐up. We used Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders. To reduce bias due to confounding by indication, we also applied inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Of 955 eligible women, 21% reported statin use before diagnosis. Statin users had a slightly better survival (HR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.70‐1.15) that was driven by lipophilic statin use (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.61‐1.11), with no association for hydrophilic statins (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.72‐1.49). The IPTW model weighted to all women with ovarian cancer also suggested a possible reduction in mortality associated with lipophilic statins (HR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.54‐1.21). In analyses restricted to women with hyperlipidaemia, the HRs were further from the null. Our findings are consistent with previous evidence, suggesting that lipophilic statins might improve ovarian cancer survival. Further investigation, in larger cohorts, or preferably in a randomised trial, is required.
What's new?
Ovarian cancer generally has a poor prognosis. Some previous studies have indicated that statins may improve survival, but these may have been subject to various forms of bias. In the present study, the authors used statistical methods that minimize bias to analyze data from a prospective Australian trial. They found that lipophilic statins may indeed enhance survival for ovarian cancer patients, particularly for women with hyperlipidaemia. Hydrophilic statins had no effect on survival. Further investigations to evaluate lipophilic statins in larger cohorts, preferably randomized clinical trials, are recommended.
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