Highlights • Hypotension under spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is difficult to predict. • We investigated whether changes in heart rate variability predict hypotension. • Increased LF/HF ratio ...following postural changes was associated with hypotension. • Changes in heart rate variability due to postural changes may predict hypotension.
Abstract
The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time
T
1
of the
ν
= 2 quantum Hall ferromagnet (QHF) formed in a gate-controlled InSb two-dimensional electron gas has been characterized using a ...pump-probe technique. In contrast to a long
T
1
of quantum Hall states around
ν
= 1 that possesses a Korringa-type temperature dependence, the temperature-independent short
T
1
of the
ν
= 2 QHF suggests the presence of low energy collective spin excitations in a domain wall. Furthermore,
T
1
of this ferromagnetic state is also found to be filling- and current-independent. The interpretation of these results as compared to the
T
1
properties of other QHFs is discussed in terms of the domain wall skyrmion, which will lead to a better understanding of the QHF.
The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has improved the survival of patients with multiple myeloma but bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN) has emerged as a serious potential complication of ...this therapy. Animal studies suggest that bortezomib predominantly causes pathological changes in Schwann cells. A tractable system to evaluate combination drugs for use with bortezomib is essential to enable continuing clinical benefit from this drug.
Rat schwannoma cells were pretreated with vincristine (VCR), histone deacetylase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, or a heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor. To then monitor aggresome formation as a result of proteasome inhibition and the activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), we performed double-labelling immunofluorescent analyses of a cellular aggregation-prone protein marker.
Aggresome formation was interrupted by VCR, whereas combination treatments with bortezomib involving suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxy-geldanamycin, or clonazepam appear to facilitate the disposal of unfolded proteins via CMA, inducing HSP70 and lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP-2A).
This schwannoma model can be used to test BiPN-reducing drugs. The present data suggest that aggresome formation in Schwann cells is a possible mechanism of BiPN, and drugs that induce HSP70 or LAMP-2A have the potential to alleviate this complication. Combination clinical trials are warranted to confirm the relevance of these observations.
In order to prevent malfunctions of medical equipment caused by radio transmitters and other devices using radio waves, setting the separation distance according to the transmission output has been ...advised. Mobile phones are wireless transmitters that are used commonly within medical institutions and have many opportunities for unintentional proximity to medical devices. In order to suppress the output of the 4G handset, we set the parameters of the indoor base station system (IMCS) appropriately and measured the output of the 4G handset. It was found that the output of 10 mW in burst in the operating room and ICU setting that is well below the average power of 80 mW in burst of PHS. As PHS has a limited impact on medical devices and is used in medical institutions, it is consdered that the 4G mobile phone can be used in the operating room and ICU without affecting the medical equipment by setting the parameters of the 4G IMCS appropriately.
We present fractional quantum Hall domain walls confined in a gate-defined wire structure. Our experiments utilize spatial oscillation of domain walls driven by radio frequency electric fields to ...cause nuclear magnetic resonance. The resulting spectra are discussed in terms of both large quadrupole fields created around the wire and hyperfine fields associated with the oscillating domain walls. This provides the experimental fact that the domain walls survive near the confined geometry despite of potential deformation, by which a localized magnetic resonance is allowed in electrical means.
Geophysical properties of oceanic crust are strongly influenced by the presence of cracks. We studied the effects of cracks on the physical properties of oceanic crustal rocks collected from the ICDP ...Oman Drilling Project Hole GT3A. Electrical resistivity and P‐ and S‐wave velocities were measured under dry and brine‐water‐saturated conditions for each sample. The experimental results reveal that electrical resistivity and elastic wave velocities are differently correlated with porosity. We performed joint inversion of the measured electrical and elastic properties combining an effective medium model by Kachanov and a statistical crack fluid flow model by Guéguen and Dienes with percolation theory. As a result, the variations in electrical and elastic properties can be related to the crack microstructural parameters: crack density and aspect ratio, as well as connectivity of cracks evaluated from crack density. To understand the influence of in situ conditions of oceanic crust, the joint inversion using the proposed cross‐property relationship was performed for geophysical properties obtained by logging measurements at IODP Hole 1256D. Results show the depth variations of resistivity and sonic velocities can be successfully interpreted by decreasing crack porosity and connectivity. Our data and analysis can provide new insights into the interpretation of geophysical data from the oceanic crust at which pore‐fluid plays key roles in various geodynamic activities.
Plain Language Summary
Cracks in the oceanic crust play key roles in subsurface processes, including fluid transportation, heat and chemical exchange, and microbial activity. Therefore, it is important to understand how cracks are distributed in the oceanic crust. Given that cracks exert an important influence on the physical properties of rocks, electrical and seismological surveys have been conducted at various locations in the oceanic plates. However, to quantitatively interpret the geophysical data obtained from these surveys, laboratory investigations are essential. In this study, we measured the electrical resistivity and elastic wave velocity of oceanic crustal rocks collected from drillcores of the Oman ophiolite, in which tectonic fragments of ancient oceanic plate are preserved on land. Our experimental data show that electrical resistivity and elastic wave velocity are differently correlated with porosity. Analysis of these data indicates that the variations in the electrical and elastic properties can be related to crack density, aspect ratio, and crack connectivity. The cross‐property relationship established is applied successfully to in situ geophysical data obtained by borehole logging in oceanic crust. Our data and proposed cross‐property relationship provide new insights into the interpretation of geophysical data from the oceanic crust.
Key Points
We measured the electrical resistivity and elastic wave velocity of the sheeted dike–gabbro transition zone of the Oman Drilling Project
Variation in the electrical and elastic properties of Hole GT3A was interpreted by combining effective medium model and percolation model
Applying the cross‐property relationship to logging data at IODP Hole 1256D, we estimated the crack parameters of in situ oceanic crust
We study nuclear spin polarization in the quantum Hall regime through the optically pumped electron spin polarization in the lowest Landau level. The nuclear spin polarization is measured as a ...nuclear magnetic field B(N) by means of the sensitive resistive detection. We find the dependence of B(N) on the filling factor nonmonotonic. The comprehensive measurements of B(N) with the help of the circularly polarized photoluminescence measurements indicate the participation of the photoexcited complexes, i.e., the exciton and trion (charged exciton), in nuclear spin polarization. On the basis of a novel estimation method of the equilibrium electron spin polarization, we analyze the experimental data and conclude that the filling factor dependence of B(N) is understood by the effect of electron spin polarization through excitons and trions.
•A general framework for any class k tensegrity dynamics is provided.•A compact set of vector equations from non-minimal dynamics is derived.•Dynamical equations are generated from a connectivity ...matrix in a unified manner.•Gravity and damping as well as base movement can be considered.
We write the equations of motion in vector form for any class k tensegrity system dynamics. The network approach yields a connectivity matrix and nodal matrix, providing the dynamics of any network of bars, pipes and cables. The class 1 (bars do not connect) dynamics are described together with a constraint added to allow bar to bar connections. Damping and gravity forces as well as base movement can be handled in a unified framework. The constraint force is eliminated to yield a compact set of vector equations.
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