The Sirad experiment on board the International Space Station Casolino, M.; Altamura, F.; Minori, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2007, Letnik:
572, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Sirad experiment aims to measure with great precision the cosmic ray radiation environment on the outside of the International Space Station. The detector, composed of a stack of 32 silicon ...detectors arranged in X–Y pattern and surmounted by a scintillator system, is capable of detecting nuclei from protons to Iron in the energy range between
≃
30
MeV
/
n
and
≃
5
GeV
/
n
.
The PAMELA storage and control unit Casolino, M.; Altamura, F.; Basili, A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2007, Letnik:
572, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The
PAMELA
Storage and Control Unit (PSCU) comprises a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and a Mass Memory (MM). The CPU of the experiment is based on a ERC-32 architecture (a SPARC v7 implementation) ...running a real time operating system (RTEMS). The main purpose of the CPU is to handle slow control, acquisition and store data on a 2
GB MM. Communications between
PAMELA
and the satellite are done via a 1553B bus. Data acquisition from the sub-detectors is performed via a 2
MB/s interface. Download from the
PAMELA
MM towards the satellite main storage unit is handled by a 16
MB/s bus. The maximum daily amount of data transmitted to ground is about 20
GB.
Objectives: The Women's Health Questionnaire has been developed and validated in Anglo-Saxon and Swedish populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Italian version of the ...questionnaire
to determine whether cross-cultural differences exist in the perception of quality of life, and to use it to compare the quality of life in women attending menopause centers with that of women in the general
population.
Methods: An Italian version of the Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ) was produced, using the forward-backward translation method to ensure conceptual equivalence, and approved by
the originator. Women were recruited by random selection from the general population and from menopause centers, those taking hormone replacement therapy being ineligible. The questionnaire was completed
anonymously at home and mailed to the co-ordinating center. Psychometric evaluation included tests of item convergent and discriminant validity, internal-consistency reliability, test-retest reliability,
construct validity and the discriminative properties of the questionnaire.
Results: The completeness of the data was good, with missing-value rates consistently low for most items. Item-scale
correlations, used to evaluate internal consistency, were also good and the scaling success rate, used to measure item discriminant validity, was high for all scales. Scale scores were reliable for seven
out of nine scales and test-retest reliability was excellent. There were few significant differences between the two populations of women in most of the WHQ areas. A comparison of Italian data with published
data on English women showed great similarity.
Conclusion: The Italian version of the WHQ is valid and reproducible. The subjective perception of the menopause and its related problems is similar
in geographically and culturally different populations.
A new measurement of the cosmic ray antiproton-to-proton flux ratio between 1 and 100 GeV is presented. The results were obtained with the PAMELA experiment, which was launched into low-earth orbit ...on-board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on June 15th 2006. During 500 days of data collection a total of about 1000 antiprotons have been identified, including 100 above an energy of 20 GeV. The high-energy results are a ten-fold improvement in statistics with respect to all previously published data. The data follow the trend expected from secondary production calculations and significantly constrain contributions from exotic sources, e.g. dark matter particle annihilations.
PAMELA is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy cosmic rays of galactic, solar, and trapped nature in a wide energy range protons: 80 MeV-700 GeV, electrons 50 MeV-400 ...GeV). Main objective is the study of the antimatter component: antiprotons (80 MeV-190 GeV), positrons (50 MeV-270 GeV) and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of 10^-8). The experiment, housed on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite, was launched on June, 15, 2006 in a 350*600 km orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees. The detector is composed of a series of scintillator counters arranged at the extremities of a permanent magnet spectrometer to provide charge, Time-of-Flight and rigidity information. Lepton/hadron identification is performed by a Silicon-Tungsten calorimeter and a Neutron detector placed at the bottom of the device. An Anticounter system is used offline to reject false triggers coming from the satellite. In self-trigger mode the Calorimeter, the neutron detector and a shower tail catcher are capable of an independent measure of the lepton component up to 2 TeV. In this work we describe the experiment, its scientific objectives and the performance in the first months after launch.
The Dual Imaging and Diffraction (DIAD) beamline at Diamond Light Source is a new dual‐beam instrument for full‐field imaging/tomography and powder diffraction. This instrument provides the user ...community with the capability to dynamically image 2D and 3D complex structures and perform phase identification and/or strain mapping using micro‐diffraction. The aim is to enable in situ and in operando experiments that require spatially correlated results from both techniques, by providing measurements from the same specimen location quasi‐simultaneously. Using an unusual optical layout, DIAD has two independent beams originating from one source that operate in the medium energy range (7–38 keV) and are combined at one sample position. Here, either radiography or tomography can be performed using monochromatic or pink beam, with a 1.4 mm × 1.2 mm field of view and a feature resolution of 1.2 µm. Micro‐diffraction is possible with a variable beam size between 13 µm × 4 µm and 50 µm × 50 µm. One key functionality of the beamline is image‐guided diffraction, a setup in which the micro‐diffraction beam can be scanned over the complete area of the imaging field‐of‐view. This moving beam setup enables the collection of location‐specific information about the phase composition and/or strains at any given position within the image/tomography field of view. The dual beam design allows fast switching between imaging and diffraction mode without the need of complicated and time‐consuming mode switches. Real‐time selection of areas of interest for diffraction measurements as well as the simultaneous collection of both imaging and diffraction data of (irreversible) in situ and in operando experiments are possible.
This manuscript summarizes the capabilities of the new DIAD beamline for dual imaging and diffraction (DIAD) at Diamond Light Source, dedicated to quasi‐simultaneous, time‐resolved imaging/tomography and powder diffraction for 3D microstructure and phase identification/strain analysis studies.
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