► First assessment of extinction probability of all seagrass species worldwide. ► Extinction assessments of seagrass based on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species criteria. ► Ten of seventy-two ...species of seagrass at elevated risk of extinction and three species endangered. ► Human impacts in the coastal zone are responsible for most threats to seagrass species. ► Seagrass biodiversity contributes to survival of many imperiled marine species and to ocean health.
Seagrasses, a functional group of marine flowering plants rooted in the world’s coastal oceans, support marine food webs and provide essential habitat for many coastal species, playing a critical role in the equilibrium of coastal ecosystems and human livelihoods. For the first time, the probability of extinction is determined for the world’s seagrass species under the Categories and Criteria of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Several studies have indicated that seagrass habitat is declining worldwide. Our focus is to determine the risk of extinction for individual seagrass species, a 4-year process involving seagrass experts internationally, compilation of data on species’ status, populations, and distribution, and review of the biology and ecology of each of the world’s seagrass species. Ten seagrass species are at elevated risk of extinction (14% of all seagrass species), with three species qualifying as Endangered. Seagrass species loss and degradation of seagrass biodiversity will have serious repercussions for marine biodiversity and the human populations that depend upon the resources and ecosystem services that seagrasses provide.
Abstract
This study aims to know (1) the effect of Geogebra assisted blended learning in enhancing spatial geometry ability, (2) the response of the learning. This research method uses quantitative ...research with a quasi type experimental design and research design using the pretest-posttest control group. The subject was Mathematics Education students on State Institute of Islamic Religion (IAIN) Takengon who studied field and space analytic geometry in the academic year 2019/2020. Data collection using tests and questionnaires that are validated by experts. The data hypothesis test uses the t-test involving requisite pretests (normality and homogeneity) beforehand. The results showed that Geogebra assisted blended learning was effective in enhancing geometry spatial ability, and students’ response was also very good.
Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) is strategically situated for conducting investigations into the biodiversity of flora and fauna, serving as a source of genetic resources for educational purposes. ...USU, as a green campus, plays a multifunctional role in determining, protecting, and disseminating information regarding biodiversity, including avian diversity, to support environmentally sustainable development. The USU campus area essentially serves as an urban zone with a focus on species diversity and conservation, making it a key aspect of management. This study aims to identify bird species and diversity on the campus and analyze the diversity index and evenness of bird species on the campus. The methods employed involve direct observations using the line transect method combined with the point count method. We documented a total of 36 bird species, encompassing 22 families. The Avian Diversity Index value on the campus was calculated as 3.117, and the Avian Evenness Index was 0.870. The most prevalent families were Columbidae and Cisticolidae, constituting 3.8% of the total.
Abstract
The occurrence of shorebirds is strongly influenced by environmental factors, especially food availability. Shorebirds are closely linked to their habitat conditions, so they seek out ...feeding sites according to their life cycle. Coastal conditions that have changed due to human activities may affect the assemblage of shorebird community. The aim of this study is to determine the diversity of shorebird species and the factors that influence them. Bird observations were made for three days using the point count method while the number of individuals was estimated by using “block method”. The results revealed 17 shorebird species from the families, Charadriidae, Scolopacidae and Sternidae. The dominant species were
Charadrius mongolus, Pluvialis fulva
and
Sterna hirundo
. The number of species in the morning observations was higher than in the afternoon. The diversity index for migratory birds ranges from 1.16 to 1.96, which is relatively low. This study showed that mudflats in Bagan Serdang Beach, Pantai Labu District is occupied by shorebirds in this region.
Abstract
Mango is one of the most favored tropical fruits which potentially as an export commodity in Indonesia. However, this fruit is easily damaged and has a short shelf life. One way to extend ...the shelf life of fruits is to use edible coatings. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage temperature and edible coatings on the shelf life of mangoes. Using 6.4% beeswax and a composite of 10% Arabic gum and 1% chitosan as edible coatings, these results were compared to control. Several parameters were used to evaluate the effectiveness of edible coatings, specifically weight loss, pH, fruit skin color, fruit flesh color, hardness, decay incidence (DI), and soluble solids concentration (SSC). Mangoes were stored in a variety of storage conditions, namely room temperature (26.5°C), showcase (10.2°C), and wine cooler (12.4°C). Experimental results indicated that applicating edible coatings and storing fruits at lower temperatures generally could reduce weight loss above 20% and DI by 85%, slowing changes in SSC, pH, and color of the fruits’ skin and flesh, as well as maintaining hardness. Moreover, 6.4% beeswax was more effective than the composite of 10% Arabic gum and 1% chitosan in extending the shelf life of mangoes.
Abstract
The World Organisation for Animal Health continues to be concerned about the spread of atypical human-animal trypanosomiasis.
Trypanosoma lewisi
is one of the rodent-origin zoonotic ...trypanosomiasis. Despite the fact that many cases of
T. lewisi
in humans have been documented in several nations, the study of this pathogenic parasite in Indonesia remains limited. The objective of this investigation was to use a molecular approach to detect
T. lewisi
in rats captured in livestock pens and residential areas. In Pondok Ranggon Village, Cipayung District, East Jakarta, 14 traps were placed in dairy cattle pens and a total of 50 traps were installed outside and inside houses in Lhoksukon and Ceubrek Villages, Lhoksukon District, North Aceh. The captured rats were identified, sedated, and examined for ectoparasites. The blood of rats was then analysed using Giemsa-stained thin blood films and PCR with TRYP1R and TRYP1S primers. The majority of the
Rattus species
captured in three locations were
R. tanezumi
(62.07%), followed by
R. norvegicus
(6.90%) and
R. exulans
(3.4%).
Xenopsylla cheopis
were predominant insect found in the present study (60%), followed by
Laelaps echidninus
(20%),
Laelaps nutalli
(12%), and
Ornithonyssus bacoti
(8%). According to the total flea index, rats captured from cattle pens had fewer fleas than rats from other locations. The molecular analysis revealed that
T. lewisi
was present in 46.15% of rats captured in human settlements and 66.67% of rats captured in the dairy cattle pens. PCR result also demonstrated that positive
T. lewisi
found higher in inside house (66.67%) compared to outside house (28.57%). It indicates that trypanosome infections are prevalent in rats from domestic environments and cattle pens, and that
R. tanezumi
can potentially serve as a source of parasites for both animals and humans through fleas acting as vectors.
The city of Magelang presently belongs to the Movement of 100 Indonesian Smart Cities. It is conducted by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology of the Republic of Indonesia. One of ...the elements that needs to be studied to support a smart city is smart environment. To support the achievement of a smart city, it is necessary to establish a well-managed urban environment. Therefore, this research is aimed at analysing the smart urban environmental management of the city of Magelang, identifying the management of urban environment related to the aspect of smartness, and identifying the role management of urban environment toward the achievement of smart city. The result of the research shows that the presently-implemented environmental management has supported the achievement of smart city for the city of Magelang. The local government, private sectors, and local community have played an important role to achieve the environmental management in supporting the implementation of the smart city for the city of Magelang.
Goldfish are considered economically important because they are popular with the community. Goldfish is an important type of freshwater aquaculture that is quite developed and can be cultivated in ...Indonesia. The pH value will affect the growth of fish. The acidity of water that is good for goldfish life is 7 to. The lowest limit that causes fish death is pH 4 and the highest at pH 11. Therefore, in this study, we will analyze the use of a SEN0161 pH sensor to measure the pH level of water in goldfish ponds. The pH measurement of fish pond water is compared with measurement data using a standard pH meter. Data collection and testing is done using two sensor nodes, where the first sensor node is connected to the Lattepanda which also functions as a base station. LattePanda communicates simultaneously with a data speed of 9600 bps with a second node sensor that uses Arduino as a microcontroller. In communicating, 2 nodes use the Xbee radio module. From the results of testing and implementation that have been done p, it can be concluded that the percent accuracy of the pH sensor reading SEN0161 at each node is ± 98.39% and ± 99.07%.
All potential pests (e.g., defoliating lepidopterans) of Eucalyptus L’Hér. (Myrtaceae) are important to be recorded because of multiple species from this plant genus are ubiquitously planted in ...forest plantations across the tropics, including Sumatra, Indonesia. The objective of this study was to record, for the first time, a species closest to the avocado leafroller, Homona spargotis Meyrick, 1910 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on a Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill × Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. hybrid in Sumatra with the insect species identification performed via molecular analysis. The used molecular protocol was able to identify a similar, yet distinct insect species to H. spargotis through analysis of its larvae, which defines its geographical distribution to Sumatra and identified a host species (i.e., E. grandis × E. pellita) for this insect.
The purpose of this study was to find out the factors affecting the students' length of study period especially those related to the academic governance, thesis guidance, and supporting facilities at ...the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMNS) of the State University of Medan (Unimed) in the academic year of 2017/2018. Questionnaires were distributed to 469 final year students and 170 thesis supervisors (TS), which represented eight study programs and one Bilingual Program, as well as to 32 administration staff (AS) in FMNS of Unimed. Questionnaires consist of 44 (students) or 40 (TS) or 15 (AS) closed and open questions related to administrative and TS services, supporting facilities, and subjects. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results show that the average length of the study period is 8.9 semesters, far longer than the ideal one (8 semesters). The most important factor contributing to the prolongation of the study period is the length of time needed by the students to complete the thesis final project (TFP), which is an average of 1.6 semesters. Factors causing the prolongation of the TFP completion period include: (a) the administrative staff service function is less supportive, (b) supporting facilities (such as SOPs, Thesis Guidebooks, internet, references in libraries, and laboratory facilities) cannot be utilized properly by students, (c) supporting subjects, especially English and Statistics, have not contributed well to the completion of TFP, and (d) the commencement of TFP work, namely in semester VIII, is too late. To overcome the problems, the following actions need to be taken: (a) improving the quality of administrative services and simplifying TFP governance, (b) updating SOPs and thesis guidebooks, library references, internet, and laboratory, (c) increasing the relevance of the contents of supporting thesis courses, and (d) repositioning of TFP courses one semester earlier. Train students early to find and use references to conduct mini-research and student creativity programs, and their involvement in the lecturer's research will also be very helpful.
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