Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a congenital genito-urinary malformation where there is a defect in the abdominal wall resulting in a protruding open bladder with exposed mucosa (Resnik R.P. et al. Creasy ...and Resnik's maternal-fetal medicine: principles and practice. Elsevier, 2019). Several reconstructive procedures are required to correct the anomalies, resulting in an ileal conduit which is an alternate urinary reservoir reconstructed from the terminal ileum (Madersbacher S, et al. J Urol 169(3):985-90, 2003). We describe the care of a pregnant woman with BE and outline the principles of management of her pregnancy with a multidisciplinary team. Timely pre-operative planning is advised to minimise intraoperative complications in the event of a caesarean section. The woman went on to have an uncomplicated classical caesarean section at term by midline laparotomy with a good outcome for both mother and baby.
The ability to maintain internally developed technology over time is important for corporate vitality. We label this ability transformative capacity and suggest that it depends on how well a firm ...accomplishes three tasks, These tasks are: the choice of technologies, their maintenance over time, and their reactivation and synthesis when required. To establish the need for transformative capacity, we first discuss time lags in the development of technologies and markets to suggest that not all technologies developed by firms can be utilized immediately. We then examine dimensions of technological knowledge that affect knowledge transfer over time. Next, we build on the resource-based view of the firm to discuss how firms can create transformative capacity. The concluding discussion focuses on the implications of transformative capacity for the analysis and management of technological investments as a way to maintain corporate vitality.
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