Akim Volynsky was a Russian literary critic, journalist, and art historian who became Saint Petersburg's liveliest and most prolific ballet critic in the early part of the twentieth century. This ...book, the first English edition of his provocative and influential writings, provides a striking look at life inside the world of Russian ballet at a crucial era in its history.
Stanley J. Rabinowitz selects and translates forty of Volynsky's articles-vivid, eyewitness accounts that sparkle with details about the careers and personalities of such dance luminaries as Anna Pavlova, Mikhail Fokine, Tamara Karsavina, and George Balanchine, at that time a young dancer in the Maryinsky company whose keen musical sense and creative interpretive power Volynsky was one of the first to recognize. Rabinowitz also translates Volynsky's magnum opus,The Book of Exaltations,an elaborate meditation on classical dance technique that is at once a primer and an ideological treatise. Throughout his writings, Rabinowitz argues in his critical introduction, which sets Volynsky's life and work against the backdrop of the principal intellectual currents of his time, Volynsky emphasizes the spiritual and ethereal qualities of ballet.
HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are two widespread and highly successful microbes whose synergy in pathogenesis has created a significant threat for human health globally. In acknowledgement ...of this fact, the European Union (EU) has funded a multinational support action, the European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net), that brings together experts from Europe and those regions that bear the highest burden of HIV/MTB co-infection. Here, we summarise the main outcome of the EUCO-Net project derived from an expert group meeting that took place in Stellenbosch (South Africa) (AIDS/TB Workshop on Research Challenges and Opportunities for Future Collaboration) and the subsequent discussions, and propose priority areas for research and concerted actions that will have impact on future EU calls.
Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) is a common associated urological anomaly in anorectal malformation (ARM)-patients. High-grade VUR requires antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent urinary tract infections ...(UTI's), renal scarring and -failure. The exact prevalence of high-grade VUR in ARM patients is unknown. Hence, the aim of this study was determining the incidence of high-grade VUR in ARM-patients, and its associated risk factors.
A multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed using the ARM-Net registry, including data from 34 centers. Patient characteristics, screening for and presence of renal anomalies and VUR, sacral and spinal anomalies, and sacral ratio were registered. Phenotypes of ARM were grouped according to their complexity in complex and less complex. Multivariable analyses were performed to detect independent risk factors for high-grade (grade III-V) VUR.
This study included 2502 patients (50 % female). Renal screening was performed in 2250 patients (90 %), of whom 648 (29 %) had a renal anomaly documented. VUR-screening was performed in 789 patients (32 %), establishing high-grade VUR in 150 (19 %). In patients with a normal renal screening, high-grade VUR was still present in 10 % of patients. Independent risk factors for presence of high-grade VUR were a complex ARM (OR 2.6, 95 %CI 1.6–4.3), and any renal anomaly (OR 3.3, 95 %CI 2.1–5.3).
Although renal screening is performed in the vast majority of patients, only 32 % underwent VUR-screening. Complex ARM and any renal anomaly were independent risk factors for high-grade VUR. Remarkably, 10 % had high-grade VUR despite normal renal screening. Therefore, VUR-screening seems indicated in all ARM patients regardless of renal screening results, to prevent sequelae such as UTI's, renal scarring and ultimately renal failure.
Observational Cohort-Study.
III.
Background. The incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) has been increasing in the last five decades, but there is no large-scale data regarding these tumours in ...Portugal. We conducted a cross-sectional, multicentric study in main Portuguese centers to evaluate the clinical, pathological, and therapeutic profile of GEP-NENs. Methods. From November, 2012, to July, 2014, data from 293 patients diagnosed with GEP-NENs from 15 centers in Portugal was collected and registered in an online electronic platform. Results. Median age at diagnosis was 56.5 (range: 15-87) years with a preponderance of females (54.6%). The most frequent primary sites were the pancreas (31.1%), jejunum-ileum (24.2%), stomach (13.7%), and rectum (8.5%). Data regarding hormonal status was not available in most patients (82.3%). Stratified by the tumour grade (WHO 2010 classification), we observed 64.0% of NET G1, 24.7% of NET G2, and 11.3% of NEC. Poorly differentiated tumours occurred mainly in older patients (p=0.017), were larger (p<0.001), and presented more vascular (p=0.004) and lymphatic (p=0.001) invasion. At the time of diagnosis, 44.4% of GEP-NENs presented metastatic disease. Surgery (79.6%) and somatostatin analogues (30.7%) were the most frequently used therapies of GEP-NENs with reported grading. Conclusion. In general, Portuguese patients with GEP-NENs presented similar characteristics to other populations described in the literature. This cross-sectional study represents the first step to establish a national database of GEP-NENs that may aid in understanding the clinical and epidemiological features of these tumours in Portugal.
Abstract Purpose Although high rates of traditional medicine and complementary and alternative medicine (TM/CAM) use have been well documented, there has been less attention to the factors ...influencing communication between patients and their primary care clinicians about TM/CAM. Such communication can be important in anticipating possible drug-herb interactions and in assuring agreement about therapeutic plans. Methods We used sequential, multistage, qualitative methods, including focus groups, in-depth interviews, and a video vignette, to explore communication about TM/CAM between patients and their primary care clinicians. The study was conducted in RIOS Net (Research Involved in Outpatient Settings Network), a Southwestern US practice-based research network, situated largely in Hispanic and American Indian communities where TM/CAM is an important part of self-care. Results One hundred fourteen patients, 41 clinic staff members, and 19 primary care clinicians in 8 clinic sites participated. The degree and nature of TM/CAM communication is based on certain conditions in the clinical encounter. We categorized these findings into 3 themes: acceptance/nonjudgment, initiation of communication, and safety/efficacy. Perceived clinician receptivity to and initiation of discussion about TM/CAM strongly influenced patients' decisions to communicate; perceived clinician expertise in TM/CAM was less important. Clinicians' comfort with patients' self-care approaches and their level of concern about lack of scientific evidence of effectiveness and safety of TM/CAM influenced their communication about TM/CAM with patients. Conclusions Specific communication barriers limit patient-clinician communication about TM/CAM. Clinicians who wish to communicate more effectively with their patients about these topics and better integrate the types of care their patients use can change the communication dynamic with simple strategies designed to overcome these barriers.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Species within the Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) include globally important nosocomial pathogens. A three-year study of ECC in Germany identified Enterobacter xiangfangensis as the most common ...species (65.5%) detected, a result replicated by examining a global pool of 3246 isolates. Antibiotic resistance profiling revealed widespread resistance and heteroresistance to the antibiotic colistin and detected the mobile colistin resistance (mcr)-9 gene in 19.2% of all isolates. We show that resistance and heteroresistance properties depend on the chromosomal arnBCADTEF gene cassette whose products catalyze transfer of L-Ara4N to lipid A. Using comparative genomics, mutational analysis, and quantitative lipid A profiling we demonstrate that intrinsic lipid A modification levels are genospecies-dependent and governed by allelic variations in phoPQ and mgrB, that encode a two-component sensor-activator system and specific inhibitor peptide. By generating phoPQ chimeras and combining them with mgrB alleles, we show that interactions at the pH-sensing interface of the sensory histidine kinase phoQ dictate arnBCADTEF expression levels. To minimize therapeutic failures, we developed an assay that accurately detects colistin resistance levels for any ECC isolate.
Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics is a comprehensive review of the hydrological and physiological functioning of tropical rain forests, the environmental impacts of their disturbance and ...conversion to other land uses, and optimum strategies for managing them. The book brings together leading specialists in such diverse fields as tropical anthropology and human geography, environmental economics, climatology and meteorology, hydrology, geomorphology, plant and aquatic ecology, forestry and conservation agronomy. The editors have supplemented the individual contributions with invaluable overviews of the main sections and provide key pointers for future research. Specialists will find authenticated detail in chapters written by experts on a whole range of people-water-land use issues, managers and practitioners will learn more about the implications of ongoing and planned forest conversion, while scientists and students will appreciate a unique review of the literature.
Lynch mobs in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century America exacted horrifying public torture and mutilation on their victims. InLynching and Spectacle, Amy Wood explains what it meant for ...white Americans to perform and witness these sadistic spectacles and how lynching played a role in establishing and affirming white supremacy. Lynching, Wood argues, overlapped with a variety of cultural practices and performances, both traditional and modern, including public executions, religious rituals, photography, and cinema, all which encouraged the horrific violence and gave it social acceptability. However, she also shows how the national dissemination of lynching images ultimately fueled the momentum of the antilynching movement and the decline of the practice. Using a wide range of sources, including photos, newspaper reports, pro- and antilynching pamphlets, early films, and local city and church records, Wood reconfigures our understanding of lynching's relationship to modern life.Wood expounds on the critical role lynching spectacles played in establishing and affirming white supremacy at the turn of the century, particularly in towns and cities experiencing great social instability and change. She also shows how the national dissemination of lynching images fueled the momentum of the antilynching movement and ultimately led to the decline of lynching. By examining lynching spectacles alongside both traditional and modern practices and within both local and national contexts, Wood reconfigures our understanding of lynching's relationship to modern life.
Despite the increased use and acceptance of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices and practitioners by patients and health care providers, there is relatively little information ...available concerning the reasons for use or its effect on patient health status and well-being.
We conducted a survey of 542 patients attending 16 family practice clinics that belong to a community-based research network in San Diego, California, to determine patients' reasons for using CAM therapies in conjunction with a visit to a family physician and the impact of these therapies on their health and well-being.
Approximately 21% of the patients reported using one or more forms of CAM therapy in conjunction with the most important health problem underlying their visit to the physician. The most common forms of therapy were visiting chiropractors (34.5%) of CAM users), herbal remedies and supplements (26.7%), and massage therapy (17.2%). Recommendations from friends or coworkers, a desire to avoid the side effects of conventional treatments, or failure of conventional treatments to cure a problem were the most frequently cited reasons for using these therapies. Use of practitioner-based therapies was significantly and independently associated with poor perceived health status, poor emotional functioning, and a musculoskeletal disorder, usually low back pain. Use of self-care-based therapies was associated with high education and poor perceived general health compared with a year ago. Use of traditional folk remedies was associated with Hispanic ethnicity.
Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical conditions that predict use of CAM therapies by primary care patients in conjunction with a current health problem vary with the type of therapy used.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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