The project management team has to respect contractual commitments, in terms of deadlines and budgets, that are often two antagonistic functions. Then, during the invitation to tender phase or when ...faced with a risk situation, it has to determine its risk management strategy.
Based on the principles of a synchronized process between risk management and project management, we propose a decision-making tool to help the project manager choose the best risk treatment strategy.
The methodology developed, called ProRisk, uses the concepts of risk scenario, treatment scenario and project scenario to determine the consequences of possible risks combined or not with preventive and/or corrective treatment actions.
As a finding, the project manager is also able to indicate to the sales department if the financial and deadline conditions are sufficiently profitable with regard to the risks.
The efficiency of polynomial multiplication execution majorly impacts the performance of lattice-based post-quantum cryptosystems. In this research, we propose a high-speed hardware architecture to ...accelerate polynomial multiplication based on the Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) in CRYSTAL-Kyber and CRYSTAL-Dilithium. We design a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) architecture for modular multiplication in butterfly and Point-Wise Multiplication (PWM) operations. Our method reduces the critical path delay of an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">n </tex-math></inline-formula>-bit multiplier to that of a (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">2n </tex-math></inline-formula>-2)-bit adder, optimizing both area and speed. These dedicated DSPs are employed in butterfly and PWM operations, completely eliminating the pre-process and post-process of NTT transforms. Furthermore, we introduce a novel unified pipelined architecture for the NTT and Inverse NTT (INTT) transformations of Kyber and Dilithium, with corresponding high-speed (Radix-2) and ultra-high-speed (Radix-4) versions. Lastly, we construct a complete hardware accelerator for polynomial matrix-vector multiplication in Kyber. The Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation results have proven that our designs have significantly improved execution time by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">3.4\times </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">9.6\times </tex-math></inline-formula> for the NTT transforms in Dilithium and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1.36\times </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">34.16\times </tex-math></inline-formula> for Kyber polynomial multiplication, compared to previous studies reported to date. Additionally, the hardware footprint results indicate that our proposed architectures exhibit superior hardware performance in Area-Time-Product (ATP), corresponding to a 44%-96% improvement. The proposed architectures are efficient and well-suited for high-performance lattice-based cryptography systems.
Dementia is a global public health priority. The World Health Organization adopted a Global Action Plan on Dementia, with dementia awareness a priority. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, ...and self-confidence with skills required for providing dementia care among primary health care providers in Vietnam.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 405 primary health care providers who worked at commune health stations and district health centers in eight provinces across Vietnam.
The results showed that primary health care providers had poor knowledge and little confidence but more positive attitudes toward dementia care and management.
The results suggest the training needs for building capacity amongst primary health care providers, which will be critical as Vietnam's population ages.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is an important central nervous infection with severe neurological sequelae. The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristic and outcomes of patients ...with HSE in Vietnam. This was a retrospective study of 66 patients with herpes simplex encephalitis who admitted to the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Vietnam from 2018 to 2021. The detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in cerebrospinal fluid was made by the real-time PCR assay. We reported the clinical manifestation on admission and evaluated clinical outcomes at the hospital discharge by modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of severe outcomes. Of the 66 patients with laboratory confirmed HSE, the median age was 53 years (IQR 38-60) and 44 patients (69.7%) were male. The most common manifestations included fever (100%), followed by the consciousness disorder (95.5%). Other neurological manifestation were seizures (36.4%), memory disorders (31.8%), language disorders (19.7%) and behavioral disorders (13.6%). Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed 93.8% patients with temporal lobe lesions, followed by abnormalities in insula (50%), frontal lobe (34.4%) and 48.4% of patients had bilateral lesions. At discharge, 19 patients (28.8%) completely recovered, 15 patients (22.7%) had mild sequelae, 28 patients (42.4%) had moderate to severe sequelae. Severe neurological sequelae were memory disorders (55.8%), movement disorders (53.5%), language disorders (30.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Glasgow score decrement at admission, seizures, and time duration from onset of symptoms to the start of Acyclovir treatment > 4 days were independent factors associated with severe outcomes in HSE patients. Glasgow score decrement, seizures and delay treatment with Acyclovir were associated with the poor outcome of patients with HSE.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) has been widely used to speed up polynomial multiplication in lattice-based post-quantum algorithms. All NTT operands use modular arithmetic, especially modular ...multiplication, which significantly influences NTT hardware implementation efficiency. Until now, most hardware implementations used Digital Signal Processing (DSP) to multiply two integers and optimally perform modulo computations from the multiplication product. This paper presents a customized Lattice-DSP (L-DSP) for modular multiplication based on the Karatsuba algorithm, Vedic multiplier, and modular reduction methods. The proposed L-DSP performs both integer multiplication and modular reduction simultaneously for lattice-based cryptography. As a result, the speed and area efficiency of the L-DSPs are 283 MHz for 77 SLICEs, 272 MHz for 87 SLICEs, and 256 MHz for 101 SLICEs with the parameters q of 3329, 7681, and 12,289, respectively. In addition, the N−1 multiplier in the Inverse-NTT (INTT) calculation is also eliminated, reducing the size of the Butterfly Unit (BU) in CRYSTAL-Kyber to about 104 SLICEs, equivalent to a conventional multiplication in the other studies. Based on the proposed DSP, a Point-Wise Matrix Multiplication (PWMM) architecture for CRYSTAL-Kyber is designed on a hardware footprint equivalent to 386 SLICEs. Furthermore, this research is the first DSP designed for lattice-based Post-quantum Cryptography (PQC) modular multiplication.
Soil quality assessment is valuable for agricultural production. In this research, 155 soil samples at two soil depths were collected from four land use types in an agricultural area of the A Luoi ...district in the Central Vietnam. Differences of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen in soil and soil pH under different land use types and topographic aspects were compared. Soil organic carbon contents in arable land and plantation forest are higher than those in natural forest and grassland (p < 0.05). Conversely, the total nitrogen in natural forest was significantly lesser in comparison to other land use types. Meanwhile there were no significant differences of the total nitrogen content (p < 0.05) among arable land, plantation forest, and grassland. The soil of grassland, natural and plantation forests land use types were more significantly acidic than those of the soils of the arable land use type. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen showed a decreasing trend while soil depth increased in all land use types. The soil pH in plantation forest and arable land use types showed no significant change in relation to soil depth. Significant differences were not found in topographic aspects and soil organic carbon content; however, the different changing trends of soil organic carbon content between land use types and aspects were found. The impact of slope, elevation, farming system or soil texture accounted for the differences in these soil indicators under different land use types in the A Luoi district.
Resources for Enhancing All Caregivers Health in the Department of Veterans Affairs (REACH VA) is an evidence-based intervention supporting family dementia caregivers that has been shown to improve ...caregiver outcomes for culturally diverse populations in the United States. However, this model has not been tested in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) including Vietnam, where community-based psychosocial interventions are urgently needed. The objectives of this study are to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a culturally adapted version of the Resources for Enhancing All Caregivers Health in Vietnam (REACH VN).
A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted over a 6-month period in Soc Son district located in Hanoi. An expected sample of 10 to 12 communes, representing approximately 50 dementia primary caregivers, will be randomized to either the REACH VN intervention or an enhanced control condition. Inclusion criteria for the caregiver include age ≥18, family member who provides the most day-to-day care for person with dementia, and a total score for the brief (4 item) Zarit Burden Scale of ≥6. Over the course of 2 to 3 months, each participant in the intervention group will receive the REACH VN intervention comprised of 4 core sessions on problem solving, mood management/cognitive restructuring, stress management, and communication, and up to 2 additional sessions based on caregiver's needs. The enhanced control group will receive a single session that provides verbal and written information on dementia. Caregiver outcomes will be assessed at baseline (i.e., time of enrolment) and 3 months. The feasibility will be assessed with regard to recruitment, retention, treatment adherence, treatment fidelity, and assessment processes. For preliminary effectiveness, we will examine caregiver burden as the primary outcome and changes in caregiver depressive symptoms and in Alzheimer disease knowledge as secondary outcomes.
This is the first study to test community-based family dementia caregiver intervention in Vietnam. Results from this study will provide the foundation for a larger effectiveness trial and broader dissemination in Vietnam and may help inform efforts to develop similar community-based family dementia caregiver support programs in other LMICs.
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03587974. Published online July 16, 2018.
Amidst the fourth COVID-19 wave in Viet Nam, national lockdowns necessitated the closure of numerous dental schools. To assess DDS (Doctor of Dental Surgery) graduation exams, this study analyzed ...their 2021 implementation in comparison to onsite exams conducted in 2020 and 2022 at the Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam (FOS-UMPH). The final online examination comprises two main sessions: a synchronous online examination using FOS-UMPH e-Learning for theories (consisting of 200 MCQs and 3 written tests with 3 clinical situations needed be solved) and a synchronous online examination using Microsoft Teams for practicum (comprising of 12 online OSCE stations). The final grades were evaluated using the same metrics in face-to-face final examinations in 2022 and 2020. A total of 114, 112 and 95 students were recruited for the first-time exams in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. In order to analyze the reliability, histogram and k-mean clustering were employed. The histograms from 2020, 2021 and 2022 showed a striking similarity. However, fewer students failed in 2021 and 2022 (13% and 12.6%, respectively) compared to 2020 (28%), with clinical problem-solving part grades (belonging to theory session) being notably higher in 2021 and 2022. Intriguingly, the MCQ Score results showed the identical patterns. The courses of orthodontics, dental public health, and pediatrics subjects (in the group of prevention and development dentistry) stood out for their exceptional accuracy across both sessions. After examining data gathered over three years, we identified three distinct clusters: the first comprised of scattered average and low scores, the second characterized by high scores but unstable and scattered and the third cluster boasting consistently high and centered scores. According to our study, online and onsite traditional graduation exam results are relatively equivalent, but additional measures are necessary to standardize the final examination and adapt to the new normal trend in dental education.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Dementia poses a serious threat to the wellbeing of the elderly. In the context of the rapidly ageing population of Vietnam however, little is known about the prevalence of symptoms and other related ...factors. This study aims to detect the prevalence of cognitive symptoms of dementia in the elderly in Vietnam as well as other associated factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of six communes at the Northern, Central and Southern region of Vietnam. Prevalence of cognitive symptoms of dementia was the outcome of interest and assessed by Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) questionnaire and was standardized according to the age structure of Vietnam. A total of 3308 adults aged 60 and above were included. Association between having cognitive symptoms of dementia and other factors was assessed with logistic regression.
Cognitive symptoms of dementia were perceived in 46.4% of the sample group. The symptoms were more common among participants who were older, female, had a lower educational level, were not physically active or have previously had stroke.
Prevalence of cognitive symptoms of dementia in adults aged 60 and above was relatively high in Vietnam. Other modifiable associated factors including physical inactivity and social connectedness should also be considered in designing intervention program to prevent dementia in the future.
Hospitality management research on the linkage between leadership commitment to service quality and employees' brand citizenship behavior (BCB), especially that examining the moderation effect of ...cultural orientation, is still limited. Anchored in role modeling and social exchange theory, this paper investigates a model explaining the impact of leadership commitment to service quality on hotel employee BCB. Using a sample data of hotel employees in Vietnam, structural equation modeling reveals an indirect effect of leadership commitment to service quality on hotel employee BCB through two mediators of employee perceived internal customer support and employee perceived training support. Further, the influence of committed leadership to service quality on these two mediators is negatively moderated by employees' power distance orientation. This paper extends extant literature by explicating the mechanisms through which leadership commitment to service quality affects employee BCB and offers important implications for hotel managers in promoting employee BCB.
PDF
