A valid diagnosis method for the speed sensor failure (SSF) is an essential requirement to ensure the reliability of Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) models in induction motor drive (IMD) systems. Most ...recent researches have focused on directly comparing the measured and estimated rotor speed signal to detect the speed sensor fault. However, using that such estimated value in both the fault diagnosis and the controller reconfiguration phases leads to the insufficient performance of FTC modes. In this paper, a novel diagnosis-technique based on the stator current model combined with a confusion prevention condition is proposed to detect the failure states of the speed sensor in the IMD systems. It helps the FTC mode to separate between the diagnosis and reconfiguration phases against a speed sensor fault. This proposed SSF diagnosis method can also effectively apply for IMs’ applications at the low-speed range where the speed sensor signal often suffers from noise. MATLAB/Simulink software has been used to implement the simulations in various speed ranges. The achieved results have demonstrated the capability and effectiveness of the proposed SSF method against speed sensor faults.
Replacing synthetic additives to preserve food products with natural antimicrobial compounds needs to be considered due to public health. In the present study, the phenolic extract from mango seed ...kernel (MSK) with the total phenolic content (TPC) value of 5300 ± 380 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L was used for evaluating the antimicrobial properties against five types of bacterial strains, including Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium in vitro. This extract was also used for in situ method on the storage of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fish fillets. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for all tested strains were determined at an average concentration of 1325 mg GAE/L. Furthermore, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhimurium were seen at 5300 mg GAE/L, while the extract did not show eliminations in the growth of the remaining strains. The bacterial inhibition speed of the extract illustrated that the concentration equal MIC value eliminated S. typhimurium growth after 24 h, the 4 times MIC value had remarkable effects on S. aureus growth after the 9 h of incubation, and 24 h of incubation for E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa. Additionally, the MSK extract could inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa on fish fillets in 4 days of storage. These results provide important evidence for the utilization of MSK as a natural source of antimicrobial agents in food products.
In this work, the pure CdSe and Mn-doped CdSe quantum dots were synthesized by Successive ionic layer absorption and reaction method for the high performance of quantum dots sensitized solar cells. ...Relevant molar concentrations of Mn(CH3COO)2.2H2O were changed at 0.1 mM, 0.2 mM, 0.3 mM, 0.4 mM, and 0.5 mM as mixing with Cd(CH3COO)2.2H2O anion source corresponding to x represent for the Mn2+-doped molar concentration. As a result, the quantum dots Solar cells were successfully prepared with the enhanced short current density from 7.63 mA/cm2 to 18.99 mA/cm2 for Mn2+ ions doped on CdSe nanoparticle corresponding to the enhanced efficiency of quantum dots solar cells from 1.64% for pure CdSe nanocrystal to 3.77% for Mn2+ ions doped on pure CdSe nanoparticle. Actually, Mn2+ dopant rises in the conduction band of pure CdSe nanocrystal, reduces recombination, enhances the efficiency of high harvesting, improve the charge transfer and collection. In addition, Mn2+ dopant can rise in the conduction band levels of pure CdSe nanocrystal, which leads to reduce the charge recombination, enhances the light-harvesting efficiency and improve the charge diffusion and collection. Correspondingly, the photoluminescence decay and Electrochemical Impedance Spectra were carried to determine the lifetime of excited electrons and dynamic resistances in QDSSCs.
•To improve the performance of QDSSCs based on CdSe(y):Mn2+ (x).•To determine the CB and VB levels of materials by Tauc equation.•To explain clear the obtained results through band alignment energy and EIS.
To improve the capability and convenience of dough’s usage in bread making, this report investigated the effects of thawing-frozen processing, dough improver (e.g. ascorbic acid) and α-amylase on ...bread quality. The results indicated that the quality of bread was less changed in comparison with the control if frozen doughs were defrosted in room temperature for 30 minutes before fermentation at the conditions of 40oC, 2 h and baking at 180-200oC during 22 min. The addition of ascorbic acid of 0.01%, α-amylase of 0.01% or combining 0.01% ascorbic acid and 0.01% α-amylase (based on flour weight) into doughs significantly improved dough strength and loaf volume.
To improve the capability and convenience of dough’s usage in bread making, this report investigated the effects of thawing-frozen processing, dough improver (e.g. ascorbic acid) and α-amylase on ...bread quality. The results indicated that the quality of bread was less changed in comparison with the control if frozen doughs were defrosted in room temperature for 30 minutes before fermentation at the conditions of 40oC, 2 h and baking at 180-200oC during 22 min. The addition of ascorbic acid of 0.01%, α-amylase of 0.01% or combining 0.01% ascorbic acid and 0.01% α-amylase (based on flour weight) into doughs significantly improved dough strength and loaf volume.
Effluent from fertilizer-manufacturing facility contains a large amount of nutrients. In this study, wastewater was used to synthesize fertilizer-grade struvite through reaction with a bittern ...solution (denoted as R-B). The produced struvite was compared with different wastewater composition, including wastewater with added MgCl2.6H2O (R-Mg) and artificial wastewater with bittern solution (A-B). The results showed that the nutrient recovery of R-B was comparable to that of R-Mg sample, in which N and P were recovered by 64–68 % and 89–91 %, respectively. The nutrient recovery is feasible for crystallized struvite employing bittern. Energy-dispersive X-ray mapping profiles and X-ray diffraction revealed that the presence of impurities in real wastewater effect the crystal size and have attracted more mixed ions into struvite crystals. The solubility testing showed that N release in acidic and water was 23.3 wt% and 6.8 wt% after 60 days, indicating that the struvite was an extremely slow-soluble fertilizer for agricultural applications.
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•Crystallized struvite was obtained via bitterns and fertilizer plant wastewaters•The P recovered from actual wastewater is 6 % less than synthetic wastewater•The recovered are 64–68 % (N) and 89–91 % (P) without the use of exogenous Mg sources•Long-term kinetic solubility was explained using the modified Mitscherlich equation•Multivariate analysis applications in X-ray Diffraction for struvite samples
Nghiên cứu này khảo sát các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quá trình trích ly chlorophyll và chất chống oxy hóa từ cây lá dứa (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) cũng như quá trình vi bao kết hợp sấy bọt nhằm ổn ...định hoạt tính sinh học có trong dịch trích. Nghiên cứu gồm (i) ảnh hưởng của nồng độ ethanol (40-100%), nhiệt độ trích (70-90℃), thời gian trích (10-30 phút) và tỷ lệ nguyên liệu và dung môi (NL:DM) (1:5-1:25, w/v) đến hàm lượng chlorophyll và hợp chất chống oxy hóa; và (ii) khảo sát sự ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ albumin (5-15%) và carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (0,5-1,5%) đến sự ổn định các hợp chất chống oxy hóa. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hàm lượng chlorophyll và các hợp chất chống oxy hóa đạt giá trị cao khi trích ly trong ethanol 80%, nhiệt độ trích ly 80℃, thời gian 20 phút với tỷ lệ NL:DM là 1:20 (w/v). Tỷ lệ bổ sung chất mang albumin 10%, CMC 0,5% và nhiệt độ sấy 60-65oC là phù hợp để ổn định các hợp chất sinh học trong sản phẩm cuối.
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