Owing to their rich structural chemistry and unique electrochemical properties, vanadium-based materials, especially the low-dimensional ones, are showing promising applications in energy storage and ...conversion. In this invited review, low-dimensional vanadium-based materials (including 0D, 1D, and 2D nanostructures of vanadium-containing oxides, polyanions, and mixed-polyanions) and their emerging applications in advanced alkali-metal-ion batteries (e.g., Li-ion, Na-ion, and K-ion batteries) are systematically summarized. Future development trends, challenges, solutions, and perspectives are discussed and proposed. Mechanisms and new insights are also given for the development of advanced vanadium-based materials in high-performance energy storage and conversion.
Increasing evidence has confirmed that the antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) contribute to protection against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The dextran ...sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis mouse model was established to investigate the correlation between the protective effects of CEO and the regulation of intestinal microflora. The symptoms of IBD were assessed by measuring the hemoglobin content, myeloperoxidase activity, histopathological observation, cytokines, and toll‐like receptor (TLR4) expression. The alteration of the fecal microbiome composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that the oral administration of CEO enriched with cinnamaldehyde effectively alleviated the development of DSS‐induced colitis. In contrast to the inability of antibiotics to regulate flora imbalance, the mice fed with CEO had an improved diversity and richness of intestinal microbiota, and a modified community composition with a decrease in Helicobacter and Bacteroides and an increase in Bacteroidales_S24‐7 family and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA)‐producing bacteria (Alloprevotella and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group). Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that TLR4 and tumor necrosis factor‐α was positively correlated with Helicobacter, but inversely correlated with SCFA‐producing bacteria. These findings indicated from a new perspective that the inhibitory effect of CEO on IBD was closely related to improving the intestinal flora imbalance.
The leader-following consensus problem of higher order multi-agent systems is considered. In the system, the dynamics of each agent and the leader is a linear system. The control of each agent using ...local information is designed and detailed analysis of the leader-following consensus is presented for both fixed and switching interaction topologies, which describe the information exchange between the multi-agent systems. The design technique is based on algebraic graph theory, Riccati inequality and Lyapunov inequality. Simulations indicate the capabilities of the algorithms.
The underlying technology of Bitcoin is blockchain, which was initially designed for financial value transfer only. Nonetheless, due to its decentralized architecture, fault tolerance and ...cryptographic security benefits such as pseudonymous identities, data integrity and authentication, researchers and security analysts around the world are focusing on the blockchain to resolve security and privacy issues of IoT. However, presently, not much work has been done to assess blockchain's viability for IoT and the associated challenges. Hence, to arrive at intelligible conclusions, this paper carries out a systematic study of the peculiarities of the IoT environment including its security and performance requirements and progression in blockchain technologies. We have identified the gaps by mapping the security and performance benefits inferred by the blockchain technologies and some of the blockchain-based IoT applications against the IoT requirements. We also discovered some practical issues involved in the integration of IoT devices with the blockchain. In the end, we propose a way forward to resolve some of the significant challenges to the blockchain's adoption in IoT.
Intensive increases in electrical energy storage are being driven by electric vehicles (EVs), smart grids, intermittent renewable energy, and decarbonization of the energy economy. Advanced ...lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are among the most promising candidates, especially for EVs and grid-scale energy storage applications. In this topical review, the recent progress and perspectives of practical LSBs are reviewed and discussed; the challenges and solutions for these LSBs are analyzed and proposed for future practical and large-scale energy storage applications. Major challenges for the shuttle effect, reaction kinetics, and anodes are specifically addressed, and solutions are provided on the basis of recent progress in electrodes, electrolytes, binders, interlayers, conductivity, electrocatalysis, artificial SEI layers, etc. The characterization strategies (including in situ ones) and practical parameters (e.g., cost-effectiveness, battery management/modeling, environmental adaptability) are assessed for crucial automotive/stationary large-scale energy storage applications (i.e., EVs and grid energy storage). This topical review will give insights into the future development of promising Li–S batteries toward practical applications, including EVs and grid storage.
This study focuses on innovations in school social work methods and explores applying predictive control-based models to effectively support and improve students’ mental health and behavioral ...development. The XGBoost algorithm and support vector machine were employed to predict students’ mental health. The study was influenced by physiological, self, family, school, social, and network factors, and a questionnaire was developed based on the SCL-90 Symptom Self-Rating Scale. A validity rate of 94.32% was achieved by collecting 432 valid questionnaires. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between the influencing factors and students’ mental health, with physiological and family factors being the most influential. An AUC value of 93.6% and an accuracy rate of 93.9% were achieved by the XGBoost-SVM model when predicting students’ mental health. The prediction model can update students’ mental health status in real-time and provide an effective predictive control tool for school social work.
As of April 9, 2020, a novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) had caused 89,931 deaths and 1,503,900 confirmed cases worldwide, which indicates an increasingly severe and uncontrollable situation. Initially, ...little was known about the virus. As research continues, we now know the genome structure, epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and pathogenic mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2. Based on this knowledge, potential targets involved in the processes of virus pathogenesis need to be identified, and the discovery or development of drugs based on these potential targets is the most pressing need. Here, we have summarized the potential therapeutic targets involved in virus pathogenesis and discuss the advances, possibilities, and significance of drugs based on these targets for treating SARS‐CoV‐2. This review will facilitate the identification of potential targets and provide clues for drug development that can be translated into clinical applications for combating SARS‐CoV‐2.
Layered tin sulfides have attracted great interest as high-capacity anode materials in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) and Na-ion batteries (NIBs). In this review, we focus on the recent research progress in ...the area of design and synthesis of tin sulfide and selenide (SnS, SnS 2 , SnSe, and SnSe 2 ) based anode materials for LIBs and NIBs. After a brief introduction of the energy concerns and the development prospects of LIBs and NIBs, we further detailed the properties and advantages of tin sulfide and selenide based anode materials for LIBs and NIBs. Besides the material structure design and optimization, the underlying mechanism and theoretical analysis for improved electrochemical performance are also presented. Additionally, comparison of tin sulfides and selenides is also provided. Innovative strategies that have demonstrated the effectiveness of enhancing the performance of tin sulfide and selenide based anode materials for LIBs and NIBs are summarized. We hope that this timely review can shed light on the research and development of tin sulfides and selenides as high-performance anode materials which are not only a good supplement to the material pool of commercialized LIBs, but also help facilitate the development of low-cost and sustainable NIBs for stationary energy storage in the future.
A urease inhibitor with good in vivo profile is considered as an alternative agent for treating infections caused by urease-producing bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori. Here, we report a series of ...N-monosubstituted thioureas, which act as effective urease inhibitors with very low cytotoxicity. One compound (b19) was evaluated in detail and shows promising features for further development as an agent to treat H. pylori caused diseases. Excellent values for the inhibition of b19 against both extracted urease and urease in intact cell were observed, which shows IC
50
values of 0.16 ± 0.05 and 3.86 ± 0.10 µM, being 170- and 44-fold more potent than the clinically used drug AHA, respectively. Docking simulations suggested that the monosubstituted thiourea moiety penetrates urea binding site. In addition, b19 is a rapid and reversible urease inhibitor, and displays nM affinity to urease with very slow dissociation (k
off
=1.60 × 10
−3
s
−1
) from the catalytic domain.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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